Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles as Potential Delivery Carrier: Green Synthesis by Aspergillus niger Endophytic Fungus, Characterization, and In Vitro/In Vivo Antibacterial Activity

Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 15(9), P. 1057 - 1057

Published: Aug. 26, 2022

We aimed to synthesize zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using the endophytic fungal extract of Aspergillus niger. The prepared ZnO NPs were characterized, and their in vitro vivo antibacterial activity was investigated. Isolated fungus identification carried out 18S rRNA. A. niger employed for green synthesis NPs. elucidated against Staphylococcus aureus broth microdilution method quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Additionally, a systemic infection model mice. biosynthesized showed maximum optical density at 380 nm with characteristic peaks on Fourier-transform infrared spectrum. X-ray diffraction pattern highly matched standard platform crystals. Energy-dispersive analysis confirmed that main composition oxygen atoms. Scanning transmission electron microscopies spherical geometry smooth surface. Zeta potential measurements (26.6 ± 0.56 mV) verified adequate stability Minimum inhibitory concentrations S. isolates ranged from 8 128 µg/mL. revealed antibiofilm activity, resulting downregulation tested biofilm genes 29.17% isolates. Regarding experiment, reduced congestion fibrosis liver spleen tissues. They also improved function, increased survival rate, significantly decreased inflammatory markers (p < 0.05). synthesized by promising action

Language: Английский

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Bacterial biofilm inhibitors: An overview

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 264, P. 115389 - 115389

Published: Aug. 25, 2023

Bacteria that cause infectious diseases adopt biofilms as one of their most prevalent lifestyles. Biofilms enable bacteria to tolerate environmental stress and evade antibacterial agents. This bacterial defense mechanism has rendered the use antibiotics ineffective for treatment diseases. However, many highly drug-resistant microbes have rapidly emerged owing such treatments. Different signaling mechanisms regulate biofilm formation, including cyclic dinucleotide (c-di-GMP), small non-coding RNAs, quorum sensing (QS). A cell density-dependent phenomenon, QS is associated with c-di-GMP (a global messenger), which regulates gene expression related adhesion, extracellular matrix production, transition from planktonic stage, stability, pathogenicity, virulence, acquisition nutrients. The article aims provide information on inhibiting formation disintegrating mature/preformed biofilms. enables antimicrobials target free-living/exposed cells at lower concentrations than those needed treat within biofilm. Therefore, a complementary action antibiofilm antimicrobial agents can be robust strategic approach dealing Taken together, these molecules broad implications human health.

Language: Английский

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Recent advances in therapeutic targets identification and development of treatment strategies towards Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections

BMC Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: March 30, 2023

Abstract The opportunistic human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the causal agent of a wide variety infections. This non-fermentative Gram-negative bacillus can colonize zones where skin barrier weakened, such as wounds or burns. It also causes infections urinary tract, respiratory system bloodstream. P. are common in hospitalized patients for which multidrug-resistant, respectively extensively drug-resistant isolates be strong contributor to high rate in-hospital mortality. Moreover, chronic cystic fibrosis especially concerning, since very tedious treat. exploits diverse cell-associated and secreted virulence factors, play essential roles its pathogenesis. Those factors encompass carbohydrate-binding proteins, quorum sensing that monitor production extracellular products, genes conferring extensive drug resistance, secretion deliver effectors kill competitors subvert host functions. In this article, we highlight recent advances understanding pathogenicity well efforts identification new targets development therapeutic strategies against These provide innovative promising circumvent infection caused by important pathogen.

Language: Английский

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Anti-Biofilm and Antibacterial Activities of Cycas media R. Br Secondary Metabolites: In Silico, In Vitro, and In Vivo Approaches

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(8), P. 993 - 993

Published: July 24, 2022

Enterococcus species possess many virulence factors that have an essential role in exacerbating the infections caused by them. The current study aimed to evaluate effect of secondary metabolites ginkgetin (GINK) and sotetsuflavone (SOTE), isolated from Cycas media R. Br dichloromethane fraction, on faecalis (E. faecalis) isolates for first time. antibacterial antivirulence activities compounds were investigated using docking studies vitro determination minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). Additionally, flow cytometry scanning electron microscope (SEM) utilized assess SOTE tested bacteria. Moreover, crystal violet assay qRT-PCR used test biofilm-forming ability E. isolates. In addition, a systemic infection model was vivo investigate activity SOTE. We found both GINK showed good affinity five proteins enrolled faecalis, with being highest, suggesting possible mechanisms ligands. exhibited higher than GINK, as values MICs lower those GINK. Thus, we performed assays However, they did not exhibit any significant variations (p > 0.05) membrane depolarization evaluated SEM, distortion deformation treated cells. Regarding its impact biofilm formation, it inhibited isolates, determined qRT-PCR. experiment revealed resulted reduction inflammation liver spleen increase survival rate. also improved liver-function tests decreased tumor necrosis factor-alpha immunostaining markers, interleukins (IL-1β IL-6), ELISA. can conclude could be promising compound should future preclinical clinical studies.

Language: Английский

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Bilosomes as Nanoplatform for Oral Delivery and Modulated In Vivo Antimicrobial Activity of Lycopene

Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 15(9), P. 1043 - 1043

Published: Aug. 24, 2022

Owing to the disseminating resistance among pathogenic bacteria, especially Klebsiella pneumoniae, there is a high need for alternate compounds with antibacterial activity. Herein, lycopene was isolated from Lycopersicon esculentum L. Molecular docking approach employed explore binding affinity selected vital proteins of K. pneumoniae mechanisms being investigated. This proposed promising activity lycopene. However, pharmacological use hampered by its poor solubility and limited oral bioavailability. Accordingly, bilosomes were fabricated delivery. The computed entrapment efficiency, mean vesicular size, zeta potential values optimized formulation 93.2 ± 0.6%, 485.8 35.3 nm, -38.3 4, respectively. In vitro drug release studies revealed controlled constructed bilosomes, liberation based on Higuchi kinetics model. Transmission electron microscopic evaluation spherical nanovesicles free aggregates. Moreover, in vivo formulations against multidrug-resistant isolates explored. exhibited lowest minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging 8 32 µg/mL. addition, scanning microscopy remarkable deformation lysis bilosomes-treated bacterial cells. Regarding investigation, lung infection model mice employed. tested reduced inflammation congestion treated mice's tissues, resulting normal-sized bronchioles alveoli very few congested vessels. it resulted significant reduction pulmonary fibrosis. conclusion, this study investigated naturally controlling infections triggered isolates. Furthermore, introduced as biocompatible nanocarrier modulation delivery antimicrobial

Language: Английский

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The Potential of Secondary Metabolites in Medicinal Plants as Anti–Quorum Sensing in Biofilms: A Comprehensive Review

Journal of Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 2025(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

The formation of biofilms occurs due to a group bacteria gathering together. increasing cell density will stimulate chemical signals for communicate through quorum sensing system. Quorum plays role competition, virulence, resistance, and pathogenesis. produces signaling response called as autoinducers. Gram‐negative produce N ‐acyl‐ L ‐homoserine lactones autoinducer, while in Gram‐positive autoinducing peptides. By looking at responses bacterial pathogenesis the study natural antibiotic agents became particular concern researchers. This review summarizes systems acting on bacteria, biofilm by pathogenic potential use medicinal plants anti–quorum reviewed vitro silico. extracts from leaves, fruits, flowers, stems, isolated compounds some types essential oils has been successfully tested have activity.

Language: Английский

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Silver Nanoparticles Prepared Using Encephalartos laurentianus De Wild Leaf Extract Have Inhibitory Activity against Candida albicans Clinical Isolates

Journal of Fungi, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(10), P. 1005 - 1005

Published: Sept. 25, 2022

Candida albicans is a major human opportunistic pathogen causing infections, which range from cutaneous to invasive systemic infections. Herein, the antifungal and anti-biofilm potential of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) green synthesized in presence Encephalartos laurentianus leaf extract (ELLE) were investigated. The bioactive chemicals ELLE, including phenolics, flavonoids, glycosides identified quantified for first time. AgNPs showed minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values against C. clinical isolates ranging 8 256 µg/mL. In addition, significantly decreased biofilm formation. impact on expression genes encoding formation was assessed using qRT-PCR. had beneficial role macroscopic wound healing, they resulted complete epithelization without any granulation tissue or inflammation. Treatment with negative immunostaining tumor necrosis factor-α. levels inflammation markers, interleukin-6 interleukin-1β, (p < 0.05) AgNPs-treated group. There also pronounced increase gene fibronectin platelet-derived growth factor tissues. Thus, ELLE may be promising healing agent.

Language: Английский

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The role of berberine in Covid-19: potential adjunct therapy

Inflammopharmacology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 30(6), P. 2003 - 2016

Published: Oct. 2, 2022

Language: Английский

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New Antimicrobial Strategies to Treat Multi-Drug Resistant Infections Caused by Gram-Negatives in Cystic Fibrosis

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 71 - 71

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

People with cystic fibrosis (CF) suffer from recurrent bacterial infections which induce inflammation, lung tissue damage and failure of the respiratory system. Prolonged exposure to combinatorial antibiotic therapies triggers appearance multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria. The development alternative antimicrobial strategies may provide a way mitigate resistance. Here we discuss different approaches use classic antibiotics: anti-virulence anti-biofilm compounds exert low selective pressure; phage that represent an strategy high therapeutic potential; new methods helping antibiotics activity such as adjuvants; peptides nanoparticle formulations. Their mechanisms in vitro vivo efficacy are described, order figure out complete landscape fight MDR Gram-negative CF pathogens.

Language: Английский

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Beyond antibiotics: Emerging antivirulence strategies to combat Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis

Microbial Pathogenesis, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 193, P. 106730 - 106730

Published: June 6, 2024

Language: Английский

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