Cytochrome P450 Gene Families: Role in Plant Secondary Metabolites Production and Plant Defense

Journal of Xenobiotics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 402 - 423

Published: July 25, 2023

Cytochrome P450s (CYPs) are the most prominent family of enzymes involved in NADPH- and O2-dependent hydroxylation processes throughout all spheres life. CYPs crucial for detoxification xenobiotics plants, insects, other organisms. In addition to performing this function, serve as flexible catalysts essential producing secondary metabolites, antioxidants, phytohormones higher plants. Numerous biotic abiotic stresses frequently affect growth development They cause a dramatic decrease crop yield deterioration quality. Plants protect themselves against these through different mechanisms, which accomplished by active participation several biosynthetic detoxifying pathways. There immense potentialities using candidate developing agricultural species resistant stressors. This review provides an overview plant CYP families their functions metabolite production defense stresses.

Language: Английский

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Phyto-microbiome to mitigate abiotic stress in crop plants

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Aug. 2, 2023

Plant-associated microbes include taxonomically diverse communities of bacteria, archaebacteria, fungi, and viruses, which establish integral ecological relationships with the host plant constitute phyto-microbiome. The phyto-microbiome not only contributes in normal growth development plants but also plays a vital role maintenance homeostasis during abiotic stress conditions. Owing to its immense metabolic potential, provides capability mitigate through various mechanisms like production antioxidants, hormones, bioactive compounds, detoxification harmful chemicals toxins, sequestration reactive oxygen species other free radicals. A deeper understanding structure functions complex mediated mitigation would enable utilization for alleviation crop stress-resistant crops. This review aims at exploring potential alleviate drought, heat, salinity heavy metal finding sustainable solutions enhance agricultural productivity. mechanistic insights into phytomicrobiome imparting tolerance have been summarized, that be helpful novel bioinoculants. high-throughput modern approaches involving candidate gene identification target modification such as genomics, metagenomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, based genetic engineering discussed wake ever-increasing demand climate resilient plants.

Language: Английский

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Exogenous Hemin alleviates NaCl stress by promoting photosynthesis and carbon metabolism in rice seedlings

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: March 1, 2023

Abstract It is widely known that salt stress restricts rice growth and productivity severely. However, little information available regarding the stage of seedlings subjected to Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) inducer, Hemin. This study aimed investigate effects on two varieties (Huanghuazhan Xiangliangyou 900) effect Hemin in promoting photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, key enzymes under salt-stress conditions. At three leaves one heart, Huanghuazhan (HHZ) 900 (XLY900) were sprayed with 5 μmol·L −1 then 50 mM NaCl stress. The results showed decreased contents chlorophyll a, b, carotenoids. Furthermore, net photosynthetic rate ( P n ) remarkably starch content was also lowered. treatment enhanced concentration sucrose soluble sugar, simultaneously enhancing metabolism. Nevertheless, foliar spraying exogenous mediated increase fructose content, along activities enzymes’ acid invertase (SAInv), basic/neutral (A/N-Inv), synthase (SS) phosphate (SPS) significantly, accumulation increased. α-amylase, total amylase, phosphorylase (SP) Under conditions, application inhibitor, ZnPP failed alleviate damage by similar tendency pigment gas exchange parameters carbon metabolism related products enzymes. carotenoids, fructose, enzyme regulation HuangHuaZhan better than XiangLiangYou 900. These indicate improved photosynthesis physiological characteristics as a result Thus, could caused certain extent.

Language: Английский

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Symbiotic Synergy: Unveiling Plant-Microbe Interactions in Stress Adaptation

Deleted Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 77(1)

Published: Dec. 20, 2024

Amidst escalating climate challenges, understanding microbe-mediated plant growth regulation and stress resilience is pivotal for sustainable agriculture. Non-pathogenic microbes, which reside in the phyllosphere, rhizosphere, as endophytes or epiphytes, play crucial roles enabling plants to withstand climate-induced stresses such extreme temperatures, drought, salinity, shifting pathogen dynamics. These microbial symbionts enhance nutrient availability, alter physiological responses, contribute significantly adaptive metabolism health. This review delves into multifaceted interactions between focusing on biochemical enzymatic exchanges that govern immune responses defense signaling under environmental stresses. Recent research highlights plant-associated microbes a 'second functional genome,' diverse structure function, essential resilience. We critically examine contributions alleviating abiotic stressors, highlighting factors diversity, ecosystem compatibility, role of synthetic consortia climate-adapted The emergence novel pathogenic strains due fluctuations mitigating these threats are also discussed. Furthermore, we assess potential axenic cultures enhancing fluctuating environments, while acknowledging gap controlled lab findings broader field applications. Concluding with integrating multi-omic approaches, this underscores importance unraveling complex plant-microbe develop strategies supporting resilient climate-adaptive agricultural systems.

Language: Английский

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Transcriptome Analysis of Eggplant under Salt Stress: AP2/ERF Transcription Factor SmERF1 Acts as a Positive Regulator of Salt Stress

Plants, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(17), P. 2205 - 2205

Published: Aug. 25, 2022

Salt stress, a type of abiotic impedes plant growth and development strongly reduces crop yield. The molecular mechanisms underlying responses to salt stress remain largely unclear. To characterize the enriched pathways genes that were affected during treatment, we performed mRNA sequencing (mRNA-seq) in eggplant roots identified 8509 differentially expressed (DEGs) between mock 24 h under stress. Among these DEGs, found AP2/ERF transcription factor family member SmERF1 belongs plant-pathogen interaction pathway, which was significantly upregulated by We localizes nuclei with transcriptional activity. results virus-induced gene silencing assay showed markedly enhanced susceptibility plants downregulated transcript expression levels defense-related marker (9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase [SmNCED1, SmNCED2], Dehydrin [SmDHN1], (SmDHNX1), reduced activity superoxide dismutase catalase. Silencing promoted generation H2O2 proline. In addition, transient overexpression triggered intense cell death leaves, as assessed darker diaminobenzidine trypan blue staining. These findings suggest acts positive regulator response Hence, our factors play vital role

Language: Английский

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Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses reveal that ABA increases the salt tolerance of rice significantly correlated with jasmonic acid biosynthesis and flavonoid biosynthesis

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Nov. 21, 2023

Abscisic acid (ABA) has been shown to mitigate the deleterious effects of abiotic stresses and regulate plant growth development. Salinity is one important affecting cell metabolism physiology, which causes serious damages crops. In this study, we investigated protective role exogenous ABA on leaves in response salinity stress using rice seedlings (two leaf-one heart) subjected three treatments: ZCK (control), ZS (50 mM NaCl), ZSA (5 mg L-1 + 50 NaCl). We carried out transcriptomic metabolomic analyses identify molecular mechanisms by protects plants against salt stress. Results showed that 1159 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (916 up-regulated, 243 down-regulated) 63 accumulated metabolites (DAMs) (42 21 were identified between treatments, respectively. addition, pretreatment regulated expression pattern responsible for oxidation redox, starch sucrose metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. The combined analysis revealed 16 DEGs 2 DAMs involved Flavonoid biosynthesis 8 alpha-Linolenic are tolerance through induced ABA. Overall, could enhance development mainly regulating flavonoid linoleic pathway.

Language: Английский

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Abscisic Acid and Ethylene Coordinating Fruit Ripening Under abiotic stress

Plant Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 349, P. 112243 - 112243

Published: Sept. 3, 2024

Language: Английский

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Understanding of Plant Salt Tolerance Mechanisms and Application to Molecular Breeding

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(20), P. 10940 - 10940

Published: Oct. 11, 2024

Soil salinization is a widespread hindrance that endangers agricultural production and ecological security. High salt concentrations in saline soils are primarily caused by osmotic stress, ionic toxicity oxidative which have negative impact on plant growth development. In order to withstand plants developed series of complicated physiological molecular mechanisms, encompassing adaptive changes the structure function various organs, as well intricate signal transduction networks enabling survive high-salinity environments. This review summarizes recent advances perception under different tissues, responses signaling regulations tolerance stress. We also examine current knowledge strategies for breeding salt-tolerant plants, including applications omics technologies transgenic approaches, aiming provide basis cultivation crops through breeding. Finally, future research application wild germplasm resources muti-omics discover new tolerant genes investigation crosstalk among hormone pathways uncover mechanisms discussed this review.

Language: Английский

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Effects of prohexadione calcium spraying during the booting stage on panicle traits, yield, and related physiological characteristics of rice under salt stress

PeerJ, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11, P. e14673 - e14673

Published: Jan. 23, 2023

Prohexadione calcium (Pro-Ca), as a growth retardant, can effectively alleviate the damage of salt stress to plants. In order explore effects NaCl on physiological characteristics and panicle traits rice plants well alleviating effect Pro-Ca at booting stage, we performed pot experiments two cultivars: conventional ‘ Huanghuazhan ’ hybrid Xiangliangyou900 ’. Rice were treated with 0.3% 48 hours after (100 mg L −1 ) treatment study leaves panicles, yield under stress. Our analysis indicated that inhibited morphological parameters photosynthetic efficiency, destroyed antioxidant defense systems increased soluble protein proline in both cultivars. Foliar application significantly leaf area, uppermost internode length, weight, number primary branches, grains per panicle, seed setting rate affected chlorophyll content, net (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration (Tr), apparent mesophyll (AMC) NaCl-treated cultivars compared alone. Moreover, also ascorbic acid (AsA) enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate (APX) activity, further accumulation panicles. These results illustrated foliar stage could caused by regulating metabolic processes plants, thereby enhancing resistance increasing total conditions.

Language: Английский

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SlMYB99‐mediated auxin and abscisic acid antagonistically regulate ascorbic acids biosynthesis in tomato

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 239(3), P. 949 - 963

Published: May 29, 2023

Ascorbic acid (AsA) is a water-soluble antioxidant that plays important roles in plant development and human health. Understanding the regulatory mechanism underlying AsA biosynthesis imperative to of high plants. In this study, we reveal auxin response factor SlARF4 transcriptionally inhibits SlMYB99, which subsequently modulates accumulation via transcriptional activation genes GPP, GLDH, DHAR. The auxin-dependent cascade SlARF4-SlMYB99-GPP/GLDH/DHAR synthesis, while mitogen-activated protein kinase SlMAPK8 not only phosphorylates but also activates its activity. Both SlMYB99 SlMYB11 proteins physically interact with each other, thereby synergistically regulating by upregulating expression DHAR genes. Collectively, these results demonstrate abscisic antagonistically regulate during drought tolerance tomato SlMAPK8-SlARF4-SlMYB99/11 module. These findings provide new insights into phytohormone regulation theoretical basis for future plants molecular breeding.

Language: Английский

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