The Axenic and Gnotobiotic Mosquito: Emerging Models for Microbiome Host Interactions DOI Creative Commons
Blaire Steven, Josephine Hyde, Jacquelyn LaReau

et al.

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: July 12, 2021

The increasing availability of modern research tools has enabled a revolution in studies non-model organisms. Yet, one aspect that remains difficult or impossible to control many model and most organisms is the presence composition host-associated microbiota microbiome. In this review, we explore development axenic (microbe-free) mosquito models what these systems reveal about role microbiome biology. Additionally, host blank template on which known can be introduced, also as gnotobiotic organism. Finally, identify “most wanted” list common members show greatest potential influence phenotypes. We propose are high-value targets employed future studies. use will transition into another experimental variable manipulated controlled. Through efforts, true for examining interactions.

Language: Английский

Gut-Resident Lactobacilli Activate Hepatic Nrf2 and Protect Against Oxidative Liver Injury DOI Creative Commons
Bejan Saeedi, Ken Liu, Joshua A. Owens

et al.

Cell Metabolism, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 31(5), P. 956 - 968.e5

Published: March 25, 2020

Language: Английский

Citations

219
Drosophila Antimicrobial Peptides and Lysozymes Regulate Gut Microbiota Composition and Abundance DOI Creative Commons
Alice Marra, Mark A. Hanson, Shu Kondo

et al.

mBio, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(4)

Published: July 13, 2021

The gut microbiota affects the physiology and metabolism of animals its alteration can lead to diseases such as dysplasia or metabolic disorders. Several reports have shown that immune system plays an important role in shaping both bacterial community composition abundance Drosophila, deficit, especially during aging, negatively richness diversity. However, there has been little study at effector level demonstrate how pathways regulate microbiota. A key set Drosophila effectors are antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which confer defense upon systemic infection. AMPs lysozymes, a group digestive enzymes with properties, expressed good candidates for regulation. Here, we take advantage model organism melanogaster investigate lysozymes regulation structure Using flies lacking newly generated lysozyme mutants, colonized gnotobiotic defined commensal bacteria analyzed changes vertical transmission aging contexts through 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Our shows and, lesser extent, necessary total relative We also decouple direct function from deficiency (IMD) signaling pathway regulates but many other processes, more narrowly defining these microbial dysbiosis observed IMD-deficient aging. IMPORTANCE This advances current knowledge field host-microbe interactions by demonstrating two families effectors, actively abundance. Consequences loss exacerbated their contributes increased shifted old flies. work typically associated resistance pathogenic infections, help shape beneficial community, consistent idea host-symbiont use same "language" pathogenesis.

Language: Английский

Citations

118
A symbiotic physical niche in Drosophila melanogaster regulates stable association of a multi-species gut microbiota DOI Creative Commons
Ren Dodge, Eric W. Jones, Haolong Zhu

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: March 21, 2023

Abstract The gut is continuously invaded by diverse bacteria from the diet and environment, yet microbiome composition relatively stable over time for host species ranging mammals to insects, suggesting host-specific factors may selectively maintain key of bacteria. To investigate specificity, we used gnotobiotic Drosophila , microbial pulse-chase protocols, microscopy stability different strains in fly gut. We show that a host-constructed physical niche foregut binds with strain-level stabilizing their colonization. Primary colonizers saturate exclude secondary same strain, but initial colonization Lactobacillus physically remodels through production glycan-rich secretion favor unrelated commensals Acetobacter genus. Our results provide mechanistic framework understanding establishment multi-species intestinal microbiome.

Language: Английский

Citations

46
The role of animal hosts in shaping gut microbiome variation DOI Creative Commons
Elisa Maritan, Andrea Quagliariello, Enric Frago

et al.

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 379(1901)

Published: March 18, 2024

Millions of years co-evolution between animals and their associated microbial communities have shaped diversified the nature relationship. Studies continue to reveal new layers complexity in host–microbe interactions, fate which depends on a variety different factors, ranging from neutral processes environmental factors local dynamics. Research is increasingly integrating ecosystem-based approaches, metagenomics mathematical modelling disentangle individual contribution ecological microbiome evolution. Within this framework, host are known be among dominant drivers composition animal species. However, extent they shape assembly evolution remains unclear. In review, we summarize our understanding how drive these dynamics conserved vary across taxa. We conclude by outlining key avenues for research highlight need implementation modifications existing theory fully capture host-associated microbiomes. This article part theme issue ‘Sculpting microbiome: determine respond colonization’.

Language: Английский

Citations

23
The relationship between the gut microbiome and host gene expression: a review DOI Creative Commons
Robert G. Nichols, Emily Davenport

Human Genetics, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 140(5), P. 747 - 760

Published: Nov. 22, 2020

Abstract Despite the growing knowledge surrounding host–microbiome interactions, we are just beginning to understand how gut microbiome influences—and is influenced by—host gene expression. Here, review recent literature that intersects these two fields, summarizing themes across studies. Work in model organisms, human biopsies, and cell culture demonstrate an important regulator of several host pathways relevant for disease, including immune development energy metabolism, vice versa. The remodels chromatin, causes differential splicing, alters epigenetic landscape, directly interrupts signaling cascades. Emerging techniques like single-cell RNA sequencing organoid generation have potential refine our understanding relationship between expression future. By intersecting expression, gain a window into physiological processes fostering extensive cross-kingdom interactions ultimately health.

Language: Английский

Citations

121
Metabolic cross-feeding in imbalanced diets allows gut microbes to improve reproduction and alter host behaviour DOI Creative Commons
Sílvia F. Henriques, Darshan B. Dhakan, Lúcia Serra

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Aug. 25, 2020

Abstract The impact of commensal bacteria on the host arises from complex microbial-diet-host interactions. Mapping metabolic interactions in gut microbial communities is therefore key to understand how microbiome influences host. Here we use an interdisciplinary approach including isotope-resolved metabolomics show that Drosophila melanogaster, Acetobacter pomorum ( Ap ) and Lactobacillus plantarum Lp a syntrophic relationship established overcome detrimental diets identify as bacterium altering host’s feeding decisions. Specifically, uses lactate produced by supply amino acids are essential , allowing it grow imbalanced diets. Lactate also necessary sufficient for alter fly’s protein appetite. Our data bacterial become resilient These ensure constant flow metabolites used reproduction behaviour.

Language: Английский

Citations

117
Specialization of mucosal immunoglobulins in pathogen control and microbiota homeostasis occurred early in vertebrate evolution DOI Open Access
Zhen Xu, Fumio Takizawa, Elisa Casadei

et al.

Science Immunology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 5(44)

Published: Feb. 8, 2020

Mucosal immunoglobulins of primitive and modern vertebrates evolved to control pathogens preserve microbiota homeostasis.

Language: Английский

Citations

114
Probiotics and gut microbiome − Prospects and challenges in remediating heavy metal toxicity DOI
K. B. Arun, Aravind Madhavan, Raveendran Sindhu

et al.

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 420, P. 126676 - 126676

Published: July 17, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

104
Drosophila-associated bacteria differentially shape the nutritional requirements of their host during juvenile growth DOI Creative Commons
Jessika Consuegra, Théodore Grenier, Patrice Bâa-Puyoulet

et al.

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 18(3), P. e3000681 - e3000681

Published: March 20, 2020

The interplay between nutrition and the microbial communities colonizing gastrointestinal tract (i.e., gut microbiota) determines juvenile growth trajectory. Nutritional deficiencies trigger developmental delays, an immature microbiota is a hallmark of pathologies related to childhood undernutrition. However, how host-associated bacteria modulate impact on remains elusive. Here, using gnotobiotic Drosophila melanogaster larvae independently associated with Acetobacter pomorumWJL (ApWJL) Lactobacillus plantarumNC8 (LpNC8), 2 model Drosophila-associated bacteria, we performed large-scale, systematic nutritional screen based larval in 40 different precisely controlled environments. We combined these results genome-based metabolic network reconstruction define biosynthetic capacities germ-free (GF) its bacterial partners. first established that ApWJL LpNC8 differentially fulfill requirements ex-GF parsed such difference down individual amino acids, vitamins, other micronutrients, trace metals. found not only fortify host's diet essential nutrients but, specific instances, functionally compensate for host auxotrophies by either providing intermediate or nutrient derivative uptaking, concentrating, delivering contaminant traces micronutrients. Our work reveals beyond molecular dialogue engaged partners, establish integrated relying provision utilization.

Language: Английский

Citations

103
Microbiomes as modulators of Drosophila melanogaster homeostasis and disease DOI Creative Commons
Danielle Lesperance, Nichole A. Broderick

Current Opinion in Insect Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 39, P. 84 - 90

Published: March 20, 2020

Drosophila melanogaster harbors a simple gut microbial community, or microbiome, that regulates several facets of its physiology. As result, the host employs multiple mechanisms maintaining control over microbiome in an effort to promote overall organismal homeostasis. Perturbations balance between and can result states instability disease, making maintenance homeostasis fundamental physiologic aspect D. biology. While interactions microbes their hosts be direct, particularly context immunity renewal, effects resulting from indirect interactions, such as those microbiota members, equally important. This review highlights major ways, which homeostasis, consequences disruptions different mechanisms, by interacts with host.

Language: Английский

Citations

76