Progress toward the sustainable development of world cultural heritage sites facing land-cover changes DOI Creative Commons
Huadong Guo, Fulong Chen,

Yunwei Tang

et al.

The Innovation, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 4(5), P. 100496 - 100496

Published: Aug. 12, 2023

The quantification of the extent and dynamics land-use changes is a key metric employed to assess progress toward several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) that form part United Nations 2030 Agenda. In terms anthropogenic factors threatening conservation heritage properties, such aids in assessment achievements sustainability solving problem insufficient data availability. Therefore, this study, 589 cultural World Heritage List (WHL) properties from 115 countries were analyzed, encompassing globally distributed statistically significant samples "monuments groups buildings" (73.2%), "sites" (19.3%), "cultural landscapes" (7.5%). Land-cover WHL between 2015 2020 automatically extracted big collections high-resolution satellite imagery accessed via Google Earth Engine using intelligent remote sensing classification. Sustainability indexes (SIs) estimated for protection zones each property, results employed, first time, country SDG Target 11.4. Despite apparent advances SIs (10.4%), most either exhibited steady (20.0%) or declining (69.6%) due limited investigations enhanced negative disturbances. This study confirms land-cover are among serious threats conservation, with some wherein need address threat crucial, proposed spatiotemporal monitoring approach recommended.

Language: Английский

Overcoming the coupled climate and biodiversity crises and their societal impacts DOI
Hans‐Otto Pörtner, Robert J. Scholes, Almut Arneth

et al.

Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 380(6642)

Published: April 20, 2023

Earth's biodiversity and human societies face pollution, overconsumption of natural resources, urbanization, demographic shifts, social economic inequalities, habitat loss, many which are exacerbated by climate change. Here, we review links among climate, biodiversity, society develop a roadmap toward sustainability. These include limiting warming to 1.5°C effectively conserving restoring functional ecosystems on 30 50% land, freshwater, ocean "scapes." We envision mosaic interconnected protected shared spaces, including intensively used strengthen self-sustaining the capacity people nature adapt mitigate change, nature's contributions people. Fostering interlinked human, ecosystem, planetary health for livable future urgently requires bold implementation transformative policy interventions through institutions, governance, systems from local global levels.

Language: Английский

Citations

257
Future socio-ecosystem productivity threatened by compound drought–heatwave events DOI
Jiabo Yin, Pierre Gentine, Louise Slater

et al.

Nature Sustainability, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(3), P. 259 - 272

Published: Jan. 5, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

224
The role of green industrial transformation in mitigating carbon emissions: Exploring the channels of technological innovation and environmental regulation DOI Creative Commons

Saima Mehmood,

Khalid Zaman, Shiraz Khan

et al.

Energy and Built Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5(3), P. 464 - 479

Published: March 15, 2023

The industrial sector is vital to economic progress, yet pollution poses environmental and concerns. purpose of the study was investigate influence green transformation in reducing Pakistan's carbon intensity between 1975 2020. Carbon emissions are considered an endogenous construct, while foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows, technological innovation, transformation, legislation, research development (R&D) possible mediators. association variables assessed using robust least-squares approach. Green connected with lower emissions, technical R&D investment, inbound FDI raise a country's emissions. findings support haven hypothesis country. causality estimates indicate that inward contributes regulations; directly relates expenditures; innovations correspond FDI, expenditures, ecofriendly progression, standards. According impulse response function, policies anticipated have differential effect on 2023, 2024, 2028–2030, they likely decrease years 2025–2027 2031 forward. Additionally, technology advancements would almost certainly result rise over time. transitions projected ten-year reduction variance decomposition analysis indicates eco-friendly adaptations largest error shock (11.747%), followed by advancements, regulatory changes, spending having minimal impact economy should foster revolution avoid increase sustainability meet its goals.

Language: Английский

Citations

141
The carbon sink of secondary and degraded humid tropical forests DOI
Viola Heinrich, Christelle Vancutsem, Ricardo Dalagnol

et al.

Nature, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 615(7952), P. 436 - 442

Published: March 15, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

101
Mapping the planet’s critical natural assets DOI Creative Commons
Rebecca Chaplin‐Kramer, Rachel Neugarten, Richard Sharp

et al.

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(1), P. 51 - 61

Published: Nov. 28, 2022

Abstract Sustaining the organisms, ecosystems and processes that underpin human wellbeing is necessary to achieve sustainable development. Here we define critical natural assets as semi-natural provide 90% of total current magnitude 14 types nature’s contributions people (NCP), map global locations these at 2 km resolution. Critical for maintaining local-scale NCP (12 NCP) account 30% land area 24% national territorial waters, while 44% required also maintain two global-scale (carbon storage moisture recycling). These areas overlap substantially with cultural diversity (areas containing 96% languages) biodiversity (covering requirements 73% birds 66% mammals). At least 87% world’s population live in benefitting from NCP, only 16% on lands assets. Many mapped here are left out international agreements focused conserving species or mitigating climate change, yet this analysis shows explicitly prioritizing they could simultaneously advance development, conservation goals.

Language: Английский

Citations

78
Biocultural vulnerability exposes threats of culturally important species DOI Creative Commons

Victòria Reyes-García,

Rodrigo Cámara‐Leret, Benjamin S. Halpern

et al.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 120(2)

Published: Jan. 3, 2023

There are growing calls for conservation frameworks that, rather than breaking the relations between people and other parts of nature, capture place-based relationships that have supported social–ecological systems over long term. Biocultural approaches propose actions based on biological priorities cultural values aligned with local priorities, but mechanisms allow their global uptake missing. We a framework to globally assess biocultural status specific components nature matter apply it culturally important species (CIS). Drawing literature review survey, we identified 385 wild species, mostly plants, which important. CIS predominate among Indigenous peoples (57%) ethnic groups (21%). larger proportion Data-Deficient (41%) full set International Union Conservation Nature (IUCN) (12%), underscoring disregard considerations in research. Combining information (IUCN threatened status) (language vitality), found more Vulnerable or Endangered they biologically there is higher share bioculturally either measured separately. Bioculturally particularly predominant peoples, arguably because high levels loss them. The deliberate connection values, as developed our “biocultural status” metric, provides an actionable way guide decisions operationalize oriented enhance practices demonstrated long-term sustainability.

Language: Английский

Citations

60
Countries’ differentiated responsibilities to fulfill area-based conservation targets of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework DOI Creative Commons

Xiaoli Shen,

Mingzhang Liu, Jeffrey O. Hanson

et al.

One Earth, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(5), P. 548 - 559

Published: May 1, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

50
Mapping the planet’s critical areas for biodiversity and nature’s contributions to people DOI Creative Commons
Rachel Neugarten, Rebecca Chaplin‐Kramer, Richard Sharp

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 10, 2024

Abstract Meeting global commitments to conservation, climate, and sustainable development requires consideration of synergies tradeoffs among targets. We evaluate the spatial congruence ecosystems providing globally high levels nature’s contributions people, biodiversity, areas with potential across several sectors. find that conserving approximately half land area through protection or management could provide 90% current ten people meet minimum representation targets for 26,709 terrestrial vertebrate species. This finding supports recent by national governments under Global Biodiversity Framework conserve at least 30% lands waters, proposals Earth. More than one-third required species are also highly suitable agriculture, renewable energy, oil gas, mining, urban expansion. indicates conflicts climate goals.

Language: Английский

Citations

47
Accounting for albedo change to identify climate-positive tree cover restoration DOI Creative Commons
Natalia Hasler, C. A. Williams,

Vanessa Carrasco Denney

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: March 26, 2024

Abstract Restoring tree cover changes albedo, which is the fraction of sunlight reflected from Earth’s surface. In most locations, these in albedo offset or even negate carbon removal benefits with latter leading to global warming. Previous efforts quantify climate mitigation benefit restoring have not accounted robustly for given a lack spatially explicit data. Here we produce maps that show carbon-only estimates may be up 81% too high. While dryland and boreal settings especially severe offsets, it possible find places provide net-positive all biomes. We further on-the-ground projects are concentrated more climate-positive but majority still face at least 20% offset. Thus, strategically deploying restoration maximum requires accounting change tools do so.

Language: Английский

Citations

44
Urbanization promotes carbon storage or not? The evidence during the rapid process of China DOI
Bowei Wu, Yuanyuan Zhang, Yuan Wang

et al.

Journal of Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 359, P. 121061 - 121061

Published: May 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

20