Expanded catalogue of metagenome-assembled genomes reveals resistome characteristics and athletic performance-associated microbes in horse

Microbiome, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Jan. 12, 2023

Abstract Background As a domesticated species vital to humans, horses are raised worldwide as source of mechanical energy for sports, leisure, food production, and transportation. The gut microbiota plays an important role in the health, diseases, athletic performance, behaviour horses. Results Here, using approximately 2.2 Tb metagenomic sequencing data from samples 242 horses, including 110 caecum 132 rectum (faeces), we assembled 4142 microbial metagenome-assembled genomes (MAG), 4015 (96.93%) which appear correspond new species. From long-read data, successfully 13 circular whole-chromosome bacterial representing novel MAG contained over 313,568 predicted carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZy), 59.77% had low similarity match CAZy public databases. High abundance diversity antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) were identified MAG, likely showing wide use antibiotics management horse. abundances at least 36 (e.g. belonging Lachnospiraceae , Oscillospiraceae Ruminococcus ) higher racehorses than nonracehorses. These enriched every gene major pathway producing acetate butyrate by fibre fermentation, presenting potential greater amount short-chain fatty acids available fuel performance. Conclusion Overall, short- sequence horse gut. Our dataset represents exhaustive genome catalogue microbiome provides valuable resource discovery performance-enhancing microbes studies microbiome.

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota research nexus: One Health relationship between human, animal, and environmental resistomes

mLife, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2(4), P. 350 - 364

Published: Dec. 1, 2023

The emergence and rapid spread of antimicrobial resistance is global public health concern. gut microbiota harboring diverse commensal opportunistic bacteria that can acquire via horizontal vertical gene transfers considered an important reservoir sink antibiotic genes (ARGs). In this review, we describe the reservoirs ARGs their dynamics in both animals humans, use One Health perspective to track transmission ARG-containing between animals, environment, assess impact on human socioeconomic development. resistome evolve environment subject various selective pressures, including administration environmental lifestyle factors (e.g., diet, age, gender, living conditions), interventions through probiotics. Strategies reduce abundance clinically relevant antibiotic-resistant determinants niches are needed ensure mitigation acquired resistance. With help effective measures taken at national, local, personal, intestinal management, it will also result preventing or minimizing infectious diseases. This review aims improve our understanding correlations provide a basis for development management strategies mitigate crisis.

Language: Английский

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Current Understanding of Equine Gut Dysbiosis and Microbiota Manipulation Techniques: Comparison with Current Knowledge in Other Species

Animals, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 758 - 758

Published: Feb. 28, 2024

Understanding the importance of intestinal microbiota in horses and factors influencing its composition have been focus many studies over past few years. Factors such as age, diet, antibiotic administration, geographic location can affect gut microbiota. The intra- inter-individual variability fecal complicates interpretation has hindered establishment a clear definition for dysbiosis. Although definitive causal relationship between dysbiosis diseases not clearly identified, recent research suggests that may play role pathogenesis various conditions, colitis asthma. Prebiotics, probiotics, transplantation to modulate horse’s gastrointestinal tract eventually be considered valuable tool preventing or treating diseases, antibiotic-induced colitis. This article aims summarize current knowledge on composition, also review published literature methods detecting while discussing efficacy manipulation horses.

Language: Английский

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Species interactions, stability, and resilience of the gut microbiota - Helminth assemblage in horses

iScience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 26(2), P. 106044 - 106044

Published: Jan. 25, 2023

The nature and strength of interactions entertained among helminths their host gut microbiota remain largely unexplored. Using 40 naturally infected Welsh ponies, we tracked the microbiota-cyathostomin temporal dynamics stability before following anthelmintic treatment associated blood transcriptomic response. High shedders harbored 14 species cyathostomins, dominated by Cylicocyclus nassatus. They exhibited a highly diverse dynamic microbiota, with butyrate-producing Clostridia likely driving ecosystem steadiness tolerance toward cyathostomins infection. However, administration sharply bent microbial community. It disrupted time-dependent network interactions, affecting longer term resilience. These observations highlight how treatments alter triangular relationship parasite, host, open new perspectives for adding nutritional intervention to current parasite management strategies.

Language: Английский

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Microbiota characterization throughout the digestive tract of horses fed a high-fiber vs. a high-starch diet

Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: May 14, 2024

Diet is one of the main factors influencing intestinal microbiota in horses, yet a systematic characterization along length digestive tract clinically healthy homogenous for age and breed receiving specific diet lacking.

Language: Английский

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Comparison of two molecular barcodes for the study of equine strongylid communities with amplicon sequencing

PeerJ, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11, P. e15124 - e15124

Published: April 12, 2023

Basic knowledge on the biology and epidemiology of equine strongylid species still needs to be improved contribute design better parasite control strategies. Nemabiome metabarcoding is a convenient tool quantify identify in bulk samples that could overcome hurdle cyathostomin morphological identification represents. To date, this approach has relied internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS-2) ribosomal RNA gene, with limited investigation its predictive performance for communities. Using DNA pools single worms, study aimed provide first elements compare performances ITS-2 cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) barcode newly developed study. Barcode abilities were compared across various mock community compositions two, five 11 individuals from distinct species. The amplification bias each was estimated. Results also between types biological samples, i.e ., eggs, infective larvae or adults. Bioinformatic parameters chosen yield closest representation barcode, underscoring need communities known composition purposes. Overall, proposed COI suboptimal relative rDNA region, because PCR biases, reduced sensitivity higher divergence expected composition. Metabarcoding yielded consistent three sample types. However, imperfect correlations found abundances other life-stages Cylicostephanus using barcode. While results remain by considered material, they suggest additional improvements are needed both barcodes.

Language: Английский

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The impact of wild-boar-derived microbiota transplantation on piglet microbiota, metabolite profile, and gut proinflammatory cytokine production differs from sow-derived microbiota

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

ABSTRACT Colonization of co-evolved, species-specific microbes in early life plays a crucial role gastrointestinal development and immune function. This study hypothesized that modern pig production practices have resulted the loss co-evolved species critical symbiotic host-microbe interactions. To test this, we reintroduced from wild boars (WB) into conventional piglets to explore their colonization dynamics effects on gut microbial communities, metabolite profiles, responses. At postnatal day (PND) 21, 48 were assigned four treatment groups: (i) WB-derived mixed community (MMC), (ii) sow-derived MMC, (iii) combination WB sow MMC (Mix), or (iv) Control (PBS). Post-transplantation analyses at PND revealed distinct communities WB-inoculated compared with Controls, trends toward differentiation Sow but not Mix groups. more successful colonizing piglets, particularly group, where they competed Sow-derived microbes. group cecal digesta enriched Lactobacillus helveticus , mucosae pontis . Cecal analysis showed histamine, acetyl-ornithine, ornithine, citrulline, other metabolites, higher histamine levels linked abundance. exhibited lower IL-1β IL-6 groups, whereas reduced IFN-γ, IL-2, group. No differences weight gain, fecal scores, plasma cytokines observed, indicating no adverse effects. These findings support missing effectively colonize domestic may positively impact IMPORTANCE addresses growing concern over losing agricultural practices, production. The implementation strict biosecurity measures widespread antibiotic use farming systems disrupt interactions are essential for Our research demonstrates by reintroducing boar-derived these can successfully gut, influence composition, alter profiles responses without causing also suggest native fill an intestinal niche, impacting activation. lays groundwork future strategies enhance livestock health performance restoring natural populations produce immune-modulating metabolites.

Language: Английский

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Functional Insights Into the Effect of Feralisation on the Gut Microbiota of Cats Worldwide

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 14, 2025

ABSTRACT Successfully adapting to a feral lifestyle with different access food, shelter and other resources requires rapid physiological behavioural changes, which could potentially be facilitated by gut microbiota plasticity. To investigate whether alterations in support this transition lifestyle, we analysed the microbiomes of domestic cats from six geographically diverse locations using genome‐resolved metagenomics. By reconstructing 229 non‐redundant metagenome‐assembled genomes 92 cats, identified typical carnivore microbiome structure, notable diversity taxonomic differences across regions. While overall metrics did not differ significantly between hierarchical modelling species communities, accounting for geographic sex covariates, revealed larger microbial functional capacities among cats. The increased capacity amino acid lipid degradation corresponds cats' dietary reliance on crude protein fat. A second analysis, phenotype as main predictor, unveiled positive association production short‐chain fatty acids, neurotransmitters vitamins cat aggressiveness, suggesting that microbes might contribute heightened aggression elusiveness observed Functional shifts may therefore play significant role development traits advantageous hypothesis warrants validation through manipulation experiments.

Language: Английский

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Research Progress on Influencing Factors of Gastrointestinal Microbial Diversity in Equine

Veterinary Medicine and Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(3)

Published: March 27, 2025

Microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract play a crucial role nutrient digestion, health and so forth equines. As research attention on gut microbes has increased, several studies have investigated composition of microbial flora This article reviews effects breed, age, intestinal site, nutritional management diseases microbiota horses donkeys, thus offering references for improving microecological environment these animals preventing controlling disease occurrence them.

Language: Английский

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Effect of Management System on Fecal Microbiota in Arabian Horses: Preliminary Results

Veterinary Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12(4), P. 309 - 309

Published: March 28, 2025

The gut microbiota plays a basic role in maintaining the psychophysical health and well-being of horses. Understanding complex interactions among microbial communities relation to age, management, is topic growing interest. equine microbiota, given its complexity, subject variations caused by internal or external stressors that can lead metabolic problems pathologies, i.e., obesity laminitis. aim this study was characterize fecal 12 purebred Arabian horses compare two distinct management systems (Group 1 = box 22 h/day + paddock 2 Group 24 h). Fecal samples were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing 16S rRNA V3-V4 amplicons. predominantly composed Firmicutes (32–53%) Bacteroidetes (32–47.8%), with Ruminococcaceae emerging as most prevalent bacterial family (10.9–24%). Comparisons alpha beta diversity revealed no statistically significant differences between groups based on different systems. This preliminary characterization contributes valuable data for understanding lays groundwork future studies relationship intestinal health, performance, strategies.

Language: Английский

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