Prior heat stress increases pathogen susceptibility in the model cnidarian Exaiptasia diaphana DOI Creative Commons

Sofia C. Diaz de Villegas,

Erin M. Borbee,

Peyton Y. Abdelbaki

et al.

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Oct. 15, 2024

Anthropogenic climate change has significantly altered terrestrial and marine ecosystems globally, often in the form of climate-related events such as thermal anomalies disease outbreaks. Although isolated effects these stressors have been well documented, a growing body literature suggests that interact, resulting complex on ecosystems. This includes coral reefs where sequential associations between heat stress had profound impacts. Here we used model cnidarian Exaiptasia diaphana to investigate mechanisms linking prior increased susceptibility. We examined anemone pathogen susceptibility physiology (symbiosis, immunity, energetics) following recovery from stress. observed anemones previously exposed Notably, reduced energetic reserves (carbohydrate concentration), activity multiple immune components. Minimal symbiont density were observed. Together, results suggest changes availability might strongest effect immunity The presented here provide critical insight regarding interplay cnidarians are an important first step towards understanding temporal stressors.

Language: Английский

Filamentous virus-like particles are present in coral dinoflagellates across genera and ocean basins DOI Creative Commons
Lauren I. Howe‐Kerr, Anna M. Knochel, Matthew D. Meyer

et al.

The ISME Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(12), P. 2389 - 2402

Published: Nov. 1, 2023

Filamentous viruses are hypothesized to play a role in stony coral tissue loss disease (SCTLD) through infection of the endosymbiotic dinoflagellates (Family Symbiodiniaceae) corals. To evaluate this hypothesis, it is critical understand global distribution filamentous virus infections across genetic diversity Symbiodiniaceae hosts. Using transmission electron microscopy, we demonstrate that virus-like particles (VLPs) present over 60% cells (genus Cladocopium) within Pacific corals (Acropora hyacinthus, Porites c.f. lobata); these VLPs more prevalent situ colonies experiencing heat stress. expelled from A. hyacinthus also contain VLPs, and degraded than their hospite counterparts. Similar reported SCTLD-affected Caribbean reefs, range ~150 1500 nm length 16-37 diameter appear constitute various stages replication cycle. Finally, containing dominated by diverse lineages genera Breviolum, Cladocopium, Durusdinium. Although study cannot definitively confirm or refute SCTLD, demonstrates not solely observed reef regions, nor they associated with members particular genus. We hypothesize widespread, common group infects Symbiodiniaceae. Genomic characterization empirical tests impacts on should be prioritized.

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Phago-mixotrophy of small eukaryotic phytoplankton might alleviate iron limitation in HNLC Southern Ocean DOI Open Access
Denise Rui Ying Ong, Andrés Gutiérrez‐Rodríguez, Karl Safi

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 8, 2024

Abstract Small phytoplankton, consisting of pico and nano size fractions, are diverse in taxonomy. Yet, the differences their productivity taxonomic diversity poorly described. Here, we measured cell-specific carbon fixation rates picocyanobacteria Synechococcus , picoeukaryote nanoeukaryote populations while unveiling composition oligotrophic subtropical (ST) high-nutrient low-chlorophyll subantarctic (SA) waters. We coupled 24 h in-situ radiolabelled 14 C incubations to flow cytometry sorting (FCM-sorting) DNA metabarcoding from same incubated samples, offering a direct account community associated with measured. In both water masses, nanoeukaryotes had highest rate, followed by picoeukaryotes (2.24 ± 29.99, 2.18 2.08 0.78 0.55 fgC cell -1 respectively). The growth were 3-fold higher ST compared SA waters, no significant difference between biogeochemically-contrasting masses. Despite composition, FCM-sorted waters dominated taxa reported phago-mixotrophic strategies (Chrysophyceae, Dinophyceae Prymnesiophyceae), suggesting phago-mixotrophy might alleviate nutrient stress iron-limited conditions for discrete small photosynthetic eukaryote populations.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Negative parental and offspring environmental effects of macroalgae on coral recruitment are linked with alterations in the coral larval microbiome DOI Creative Commons
Chloé Pozas-Schacre, Hugo Bischoff, Camille Clérissi

et al.

Royal Society Open Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(7)

Published: July 1, 2024

The persistence of reef-building corals is threatened by macroalgal competitors leading to a major demographic bottleneck in coral recruitment. Whether parental effects exist under coral–algal competition and whether they influence offspring performance via microbiome alterations represent gaps our understanding the mechanisms which macroalgae may hinder recovery. We investigated diversity, variability composition adults larvae Pocillopora acuta surrounding benthic substrate on algal-removed algal-dominated bommies. then assessed relative environmental recruitment processes reciprocally exposing from two origins (algal-removed bommies) conditions. Dense assemblages impacted larvae. Larvae produced parents bommies were depleted putative beneficial bacteria enriched opportunistic taxa. These had significantly lower survival compared regardless In contrast, algal-induced interacted reduce recruits. Together results demonstrate negative that could be mediated microbiome.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Biofilms as potential reservoirs of stony coral tissue loss disease DOI Creative Commons
James S. Evans, Valerie J. Paul, Christina A. Kellogg

et al.

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Nov. 23, 2022

Since 2014, corals throughout Florida’s Coral Reef have been plagued by an epizootic of unknown etiology, colloquially termed stony coral tissue loss disease (SCTLD). Although in Florida the movement this waterborne has consistent with natural transport via water currents, outbreaks Caribbean more sporadic, infections occurring locations inconsistent spread means. Often clustered near ports, potentially implicating ships as mediators SCTLD into new regions. Biofilms attached to ship hulls, ballast tank walls, or other surfaces could represent a possible vector for disease. We investigated whether bacteria shed healthy and SCTLD-diseased would form distinct biofilms, signal be detectable within biofilm bacterial communities. Stainless steel plates serving proxies colonizable were incubated three days filtered seawater mesocosms containing SCTLD-infected corals. Resulting communities characterized through sequencing V4 region 16S rRNA gene. determined that diseased formed significantly different biofilms consisting highly diverse taxa. Comparison data from previous investigations spanning species, collection locations, years, source material revealed presence numerous genetically identical sequences during exposure corals, including several previously identified bioindicators. These results suggest ship-associated may potential vectors transmission

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Shifts in the coral microbiome in response to in situ experimental deoxygenation DOI Creative Commons
Rachel D. Howard,

Monica D. Schul,

Lucia M. Rodriguez Bravo

et al.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 89(11)

Published: Nov. 2, 2023

Marine hypoxia is a threat for corals but has remained understudied in tropical regions where coral reefs are abundant. Though microbial symbioses can alleviate the effects of ecological stress, we do not yet understand taxonomic or functional response microbiome to hypoxia. In this study, experimentally lowered oxygen levels around Siderastrea siderea and Agaricia lamarcki colonies situ observe changes deoxygenation. Our results show that triggers stochastic change overall, with some bacterial families changing deterministically after just 48 hours exposure. These represent an increase anaerobic opportunistic taxa microbiomes both species. Thus, marine deoxygenation destabilizes increases opportunism. This work provides novel fundamental knowledge during may provide insight into holobiont function stress.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
The Impact of Highly Weathered Oil from the Most Extensive Oil Spill in Tropical Oceans (Brazil) on the Microbiome of the Coral Mussismilia harttii DOI Creative Commons
Pedro Henrique Freitas Pereira, Luanny Fernandes, Hugo Emiliano de Jesus

et al.

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(8), P. 1935 - 1935

Published: July 29, 2023

In 2019, the largest oil spill ever recorded in tropical oceans terms of extent occurred Brazil. The from was collected directly environment and used an exposure experiment with endangered reef-building coral

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Diversity and Biogeography of Coral Mucus-Associated Bacterial Communities: The Case of Acropora formosa DOI Creative Commons
Van Ngoc Bui, Duong Huy Nguyen, Nhat Huy Chu

et al.

Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(1), P. 74 - 74

Published: Jan. 3, 2023

The role of microorganisms in coral health, disease, and nutrition has been demonstrated various studies. Environmental factors including pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen also play crucial roles maintaining sustainable ecosystems. However, how geographical environmental influence bacterial diversity community composition is unclear. Here, communities associated with Acropora formosa were sampled from four different locations—Phu Quoc Islands (Vietnam), Nha Trang Ujung Gelam (Indonesia), Bourake (New Caledonia)—and compared using tagged 16S rRNA sequencing. We identified 24 phyla, 47 classes, 114 orders, 495 genera 18 samples. Overall, Proteobacteria (1039 distant amplicon sequence variants [ASVs]) Firmicutes (589 ASVs) predominant, while Verrucomicrobiota (75 Planctomycetota (46 minor taxa. Alpha analyses revealed that the had highest indexes (Observed Chao1), figures for lowest. Non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis (NMDS) showed significant differences among locations (ADONIS, p = 1 × 10−4). Temperature was strongly correlated distribution Bourake, whereas pH significantly presence coral-associated Phu Trang. Across all samples, 28 potential biological markers 95 core ASVs found, revealing communities. Collectively, these findings provide a comprehensive understanding living reefs across geographic sites, which could be useful springboards further

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Investigating microbial size classes associated with the transmission of stony coral tissue loss disease (SCTLD) DOI Creative Commons
James S. Evans, Valerie J. Paul, Blake Ushijima

et al.

PeerJ, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11, P. e15836 - e15836

Published: Aug. 23, 2023

Effective treatment and prevention of any disease necessitates knowledge the causative agent, yet agents most coral diseases remain unknown, in part due to difficulty distinguishing pathogenic microbe(s) among complex microbial backdrop hosts. Stony tissue loss (SCTLD) is a particularly destructive unknown etiology, capable transmitting through water column killing entire colonies within matter weeks. Here we used previously described method (i) isolate diseased apparently healthy individual mesocosms containing filtered seawater with low background levels; (ii) incubate for several days enrich coral-shed microbes; (iii) use tangential-flow filtration concentrate community mesocosm water; then (iv) filter resulting sequential series different pore-sized filters. To investigate size class microorganism(s) associated SCTLD transmission, 0.8 µm pore filters capture microeukaryotes expelled zooxanthellae, 0.22 bacteria large viruses, 0.025 smaller viruses. In an attempt further refine which fraction(s) contained transmissible element SCTLD, applied these "receiver" fragments monitored them onset signs over three separate experimental runs. However, factors outside our control confounded transmission results, rendering inconclusive. As bulk prior studies tissues have primarily investigated bacterial community, chose characterize prokaryotic all using Illumina sequencing V4 region 16S rRNA gene. We identified overlaps studies, including presence numerous bioindicators mesocosms. The identification specific amplicon sequence variants that also appear across spanning collection years, geographic regions, source material, species, suggests may play some role disease.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Microbial shifts associated to ENSO-derived thermal anomalies reveal coral acclimation at holobiont level DOI Creative Commons
Sandra M. Montaño-Salazar, Elena Quintanilla, Juan A. Sánchez

et al.

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Dec. 12, 2023

Abstract The coral microbiome conforms a proxy to study effects of changing environmental conditions. However, scarce information exists regarding dynamics and host acclimation in response changes associated global-scale disturbances. We assessed El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO)-derived thermal anomalies shifts the bacterial Pacifigorgia cairnsi (Gorgoniidae: Octocorallia) from remote island Malpelo Tropical Eastern Pacific. is hot spot biodiversity lacks direct coastal anthropogenic impacts. evaluated community composition predicted functional profiles during 2015, 2017 2018, including different phases ENSO cycle. diversity between warming cooling phase were similar, but differed neutral phase. Relative abundances core members such as Endozoicomonas Mycoplasma mainly drove these differences. An acclimated holobiont suggested not just warm also cold stress by embracing similar redundancy that allow maintaining coral’s viability under stress. Responses unperturbed sea fans P. could be acting an extended phenotype facilitating at level.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Acclimation period affects tissue condition in the Caribbean staghorn coral, Acropora cervicornis DOI
Megan E. Bock, Esther C. Peters, Nicole D. Fogarty

et al.

Coral Reefs, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 43(1), P. 165 - 170

Published: Jan. 20, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

0