International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
23(20), P. 12191 - 12191
Published: Oct. 13, 2022
Sleep
is
a
fundamental,
evolutionarily
conserved,
plastic
behavior
that
regulated
by
circadian
and
homeostatic
mechanisms
as
well
genetic
factors
environmental
factors,
such
light,
humidity,
temperature.
Among
cues,
temperature
plays
an
important
role
in
the
regulation
of
sleep.
This
review
presents
overview
thermoreception
animals
neural
circuits
link
this
process
to
Understanding
influence
on
sleep
can
provide
insight
into
basic
physiologic
processes
are
required
for
survival
guide
strategies
manage
disorders.
PLoS Biology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
23(3), P. e3003014 - e3003014
Published: March 26, 2025
Sleep
is
a
behavior
that
conserved
throughout
the
animal
kingdom.
Yet,
despite
extensive
studies
in
humans
and
models,
exact
function
or
functions
of
sleep
remain(s)
unknown.
A
complicating
factor
trying
to
elucidate
complexity
multiplicity
neuronal
circuits
are
involved
regulation.
It
conceivable
distinct
sleep-regulating
only
specific
aspects
may
underlie
different
functions.
Thus,
it
would
be
beneficial
assess
contribution
individual
sleep’s
putative
The
intricacy
mammalian
brain
makes
this
task
extremely
difficult.
However,
fruit
fly
Drosophila
melanogaster,
with
its
simpler
organization,
available
connectomics,
unparalleled
genetics,
offers
opportunity
interrogate
centers.
In
,
neurons
projecting
dorsal
fan-shaped
body
(dFB)
have
been
proposed
key
regulators
sleep,
particularly
homeostasis.
We
recently
demonstrated
most
widely
used
genetic
tool
manipulate
dFB
neurons,
23E10-GAL4
driver,
expresses
2
(VNC-SP
neurons)
located
ventral
nerve
cord
(VNC),
analog
vertebrate
spinal
cord.
Since
data
supporting
role
for
regulation
obtained
using
23E10-GAL4,
unclear
whether
phenotypes
reported
these
caused
by
VNC-SP
cells.
recent
publication
replicated
our
finding
contains
sleep-promoting
VNC.
also
not
at
all,
but
suggestion
was
made
tools
dFB-specific
very
mild
deprivation
protocol.
study,
newly
created
driver
line,
we
demonstrate
optogenetic
activation
majority
promotes
show
require
stronger
stimulation
than
cells
promote
sleep.
addition,
dFB-induced
can
consolidate
short-term
memory
(STM)
into
long-term
(LTM),
suggesting
benefit
on
circuit-specific.
Finally,
neurochemically
heterogeneous
divided
3
populations.
Most
express
both
glutamate
acetylcholine,
while
minority
one
neurotransmitters.
Importantly,
do
GABA,
as
previously
suggested.
Using
neurotransmitter-specific
tools,
points
cholinergic
potent
regulating
PLoS Biology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
21(3), P. e3002012 - e3002012
Published: March 2, 2023
Sleep
is
a
complex
and
plastic
behavior
regulated
by
multiple
brain
regions
influenced
numerous
internal
external
stimuli.
Thus,
to
fully
uncover
the
function(s)
of
sleep,
cellular
resolution
sleep-regulating
neurons
needs
be
achieved.
Doing
so
will
help
unequivocally
assign
role
or
function
given
neuron
group
in
sleep
behavior.
In
Drosophila
brain,
projecting
dorsal
fan-shaped
body
(dFB)
have
emerged
as
key
area.
To
dissect
contribution
individual
dFB
we
undertook
an
intersectional
Split-GAL4
genetic
screen
focusing
on
cells
contained
within
23E10-GAL4
driver,
most
widely
used
tool
manipulate
neurons.
this
study,
demonstrate
that
expresses
outside
fly
equivalent
spinal
cord,
ventral
nerve
cord
(VNC).
Furthermore,
show
2
VNC
cholinergic
strongly
contribute
sleep-promoting
capacity
driver
under
baseline
conditions.
However,
contrast
other
neurons,
silencing
these
does
not
block
homeostasis.
our
data
contains
at
least
different
types
controlling
distinct
aspects
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15(1)
Published: April 2, 2024
Abstract
The
circadian
clock
regulates
animal
physiological
activities.
How
temperature
reorganizes
circadian-dependent
activities
remains
elusive.
Here,
using
in-vivo
two-photon
imaging
with
the
control
device,
we
investigated
response
of
Drosophila
central
circuit
to
variation
and
identified
that
DN1as
serves
as
most
sensitive
temperature-sensing
neurons.
gate
DN1a’s
diurnal
response.
Trans-synaptic
tracing,
connectome
analysis,
functional
data
reveal
bidirectionally
targets
two
neuronal
subsets:
activity-related
E
cells
sleep-promoting
DN3s.
Specifically,
behavioral
demonstrate
DN1a-E
cell
modulates
evening
locomotion
peak
in
cold
temperature,
while
DN1a-DN3
controls
warm
temperature-induced
nocturnal
sleep
reduction.
Our
findings
systematically
comprehensively
illustrate
how
dynamically
integrates
light
signals
effectively
coordinate
wakefulness
at
different
times
day,
shedding
on
conserved
neural
mechanisms
underlying
temperature-regulated
physiology
animals.
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
87, P. 67 - 86
Published: Jan. 31, 2018
Sleep
is
a
biological
enigma
that
has
raised
numerous
questions
about
the
inner
workings
of
brain.
The
fundamental
question
why
our
nervous
systems
have
evolved
to
require
sleep
remains
topic
ongoing
scientific
deliberation.
This
largely
being
addressed
by
research
using
animal
models
sleep.
Drosophila
melanogaster,
also
known
as
common
fruit
fly,
exhibits
state
shares
features
with
many
other
species.
studies
unearthed
an
immense
wealth
knowledge
neuroscience
Given
breadth
findings
published
on
sleep,
it
important
consider
how
all
this
information
might
come
together
generate
more
holistic
understanding
review
provides
comprehensive
summary
neurobiology
and
explores
broader
insights
implications
regulated
across
species
necessary
for
In
all
animals,
sleep
pressure
is
under
continuous
tight
regulation.
It
universally
accepted
that
this
regulation
arises
from
a
two-process
model,
integrating
both
circadian
and
homeostatic
controller.
Here
we
explore
the
role
of
environmental
social
signals
as
third,
parallel
controller
homeostasis
pressure.
We
show
that,
in
Drosophila
melanogaster
males,
after
deprivation
can
be
counteracted
by
raising
their
sexual
arousal,
either
engaging
flies
with
prolonged
courtship
activity
or
merely
exposing
them
to
female
pheromones.
Frontiers in Physiology,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
10
Published: Sept. 11, 2019
A
prominent
idea
emerging
from
the
study
of
sleep
is
that
this
key
behavioural
state
regulated
in
a
complex
fashion
by
ecologically
and
physiologically
relevant
environmental
factors.
This
concept
implies
sleep,
as
behaviour,
plastic
can
be
external
agents
changes
internal
state.
Drosophila
melanogaster
constitutes
resourceful
model
system
to
behaviour.
In
year
2000,
utility
fly
was
realised,
has
since
extensively
contributed
exciting
field.
At
centre
review,
we
will
discuss
studies
showing
temperature,
food
availability/quality
interactions
with
conspecifics
regulate
sleep.
Indeed
relationship
reciprocal
perturbation
also
affect
feeding
social
interaction.
particular,
different
temperatures
well
gradual
temperature
when,
how
much
flies
Moreover,
satiation/starvation
status
an
individual
dictates
balance
between
foraging.
Nutritional
composition
diet
direct
impact
on
amount
its
fragmentation.
Likewise,
aggression
males,
courtship,
sexual
arousal,
mating
within
large
groups
animals
acute
long-lasting
effect
quality.
Importantly,
genes
neuronal
circuits
relay
information
about
environment
centres
are
starting
elucidated
focus
review.
conclusion,
most
behaviours,
needs
full
commitment
individual,
preventing
participation
other
vital
activities.
vast
array
behaviours
modulated
factors,
compete
need
thus
have
significant
role
regulating
it.
