The origins and evolution of sleep

Journal of Experimental Biology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 221(11)

Published: June 1, 2018

ABSTRACT Sleep is nearly ubiquitous throughout the animal kingdom, yet little known about how ecological factors or perturbations to environment shape duration and timing of sleep. In diverse taxa, poor sleep negatively impacts development, cognitive abilities longevity. addition mammals, has been characterized in genetic model organisms, ranging from nematode worm zebrafish, and, more recently, emergent models with simplified nervous systems such as Aplysia jellyfish. addition, evolutionary fruit flies cavefish have leveraged natural variation investigate relationship between ecology Here, we describe contributions classical mechanisms underlying regulation. These studies highlight fundamental interactions sensory processing, well a remarkable plasticity response environmental changes. Understanding varies kingdom will provide critical insight into functions conserved Furthermore, identification naturally occurring regulating may novel drug targets approaches treat sleep-related diseases.

Language: Английский

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The Regulation of Drosophila Sleep

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 31(1), P. R38 - R49

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

Language: Английский

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Covert sleep-related biological processes are revealed by probabilistic analysis in Drosophila

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 117(18), P. 10024 - 10034

Published: April 17, 2020

Sleep pressure and sleep depth are key regulators of wake sleep. Current methods measuring these parameters in Drosophila melanogaster have low temporal resolution and/or require disrupting Here we report analysis tools for high-resolution, noninvasive measurement from movement data. Probability initiating activity, P(Wake), measures while probability ceasing P(Doze), pressure. In vivo computational analyses show that P(Wake) P(Doze) largely independent control the amount total We also develop a Hidden Markov Model allows visualization distinct sleep/wake substates. These hidden states predictable relationship with suggesting capture same behaviors. Importantly, demonstrate both Doze/Wake probabilities substates tied to specific biological processes. metrics provide greater mechanistic insight into behavior than alone.

Language: Английский

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Gating and the Need for Sleep: Dissociable Effects of Adenosine A1 and A2A Receptors

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: July 17, 2019

Roughly one-third of the human lifetime is spent in sleep, yet reason for sleep remains unclear. Understanding physiologic function crucial toward establishing optimal health. Several proposed concepts address different aspects physiology, including humoral and circuit-based theories sleep-wake regulation, homeostatic two-process model theory as a state adaptive inactivity, observations that arousal homeostasis can be dissociated pathologic disorders. Currently, there no places regulation unified conceptual framework. Adenosine well known somnogenic substance affects normal patterns through several mechanisms various brain locations via A1 or A2A receptors (A1Rs A2ARs). Many cells processes appear to play role modulating extracellular concentration adenosine at neuronal A1R A2AR sites. Emerging evidence suggests A1Rs A2ARs have roles sleep. In this review, we propose which allow i.e., these provide gating, whereas modulate are essential expression resolution need. model, considered established absence arousing inputs.

Language: Английский

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Sleep deprivation drives brain-wide changes in cholinergic presynapse abundance in Drosophila melanogaster

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 121(13)

Published: March 18, 2024

Sleep is an evolutionarily conserved state that supports brain functions, including synaptic plasticity, in species across the animal kingdom. Here, we examine neuroanatomical and cell-type distribution of presynaptic scaling fly after sleep loss. We previously found loss drives accumulation active zone scaffolding protein Bruchpilot (BRP) within cholinergic Kenyon cells Drosophila melanogaster mushroom body (MB), but not other classes MB neurons. To test whether similar cell type–specific trends plasticity occur broadly brain, used a flp-based genetic reporter to label BRP cholinergic, dopaminergic, GABAergic, or glutamatergic then collected whole-brain confocal image stacks intensity systematically quantify BRP, marker presynapse abundance, 37 neuropil regions central brain. Our results indicate loss, either by overnight (12-h) mechanical stimulation chronic disruption insomniac mutants, elevates synapse abundance while neurons produce neurotransmitters undergoes weaker, if any, changes. Extending deprivation 24 h brain-wide upscaling glutamatergic, other, synapses. Finally, male–male social pairings induce increased excitatory synapses despite male–female eliciting more waking activity, suggesting experience-specific plasticity. Within neurotransmitter class context, changes are domains, indicating rules may apply during acute need alter excitatory–inhibitory balance

Language: Английский

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The Neuropeptide Galanin Is Required for Homeostatic Rebound Sleep following Increased Neuronal Activity

Neuron, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 104(2), P. 370 - 384.e5

Published: Sept. 16, 2019

Language: Английский

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Sleep in Drosophila and Its Context

Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Sept. 11, 2019

A prominent idea emerging from the study of sleep is that this key behavioural state regulated in a complex fashion by ecologically and physiologically relevant environmental factors. This concept implies sleep, as behaviour, plastic can be external agents changes internal state. Drosophila melanogaster constitutes resourceful model system to behaviour. In year 2000, utility fly was realised, has since extensively contributed exciting field. At centre review, we will discuss studies showing temperature, food availability/quality interactions with conspecifics regulate sleep. Indeed relationship reciprocal perturbation also affect feeding social interaction. particular, different temperatures well gradual temperature when, how much flies Moreover, satiation/starvation status an individual dictates balance between foraging. Nutritional composition diet direct impact on amount its fragmentation. Likewise, aggression males, courtship, sexual arousal, mating within large groups animals acute long-lasting effect quality. Importantly, genes neuronal circuits relay information about environment centres are starting elucidated focus review. conclusion, most behaviours, needs full commitment individual, preventing participation other vital activities. vast array behaviours modulated factors, compete need thus have significant role regulating it.

Language: Английский

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Most sleep does not serve a vital function: Evidence from Drosophila melanogaster

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 5(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2019

Sleepless fruit flies live, an unexpected finding that provides a new perspective on sleep for this and perhaps other species.

Language: Английский

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In the mood for sex: neural circuits for reproduction

Current Opinion in Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 60, P. 155 - 168

Published: Dec. 31, 2019

Language: Английский

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Characterization of SETD1A haploinsufficiency in humans and Drosophila defines a novel neurodevelopmental syndrome

Molecular Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 26(6), P. 2013 - 2024

Published: April 28, 2020

Language: Английский

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