Frontiers in Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
13
Published: May 16, 2019
S100
proteins
are
calcium-binding
that
regulate
several
processes
associated
with
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD)
but
whose
contribution
and
direct
involvement
in
pathophysiology
remains
to
be
fully
established.
Due
neuroinflammation
AD
patients,
the
levels
of
increased
brain
some
S100s
play
roles
related
processing
amyloid
precursor
protein
(APP),
regulation
beta
peptide
(Aβ)
Tau
phosphorylation.
found
inclusions,
either
within
plaques
or
as
isolated
S100-positive
puncta,
which
suggests
an
active
role
formation
aggregates.
Indeed,
interactions
between
aggregating
Aβ
indicate
regulatory
over
aggregation
process,
may
delay
aggravate
aggregation,
depending
on
stage
relative
levels.
Additionally,
also
known
influence
AD-related
signaling
pathways
other
cytokines.
Recent
evidence
metal-ligation
by
influences
trace
metal
homeostasis
brain,
particularly
zinc,
is
a
major
deregulated
process
AD.
Altogether,
this
strongly
key
players
AD-linked
physiopathological
processes,
we
discuss
review.
Redox Biology,
Journal Year:
2017,
Volume and Issue:
14, P. 450 - 464
Published: Oct. 19, 2017
Oxidative
stress
is
known
to
play
an
important
role
in
the
pathogenesis
of
a
number
diseases.
In
particular,
it
linked
etiology
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD),
age-related
neurodegenerative
and
most
common
cause
dementia
elderly.
Histopathological
hallmarks
AD
are
intracellular
neurofibrillary
tangles
extracellular
formation
senile
plaques
composed
amyloid-beta
peptide
(Aβ)
aggregated
form
along
with
metal-ions
such
as
copper,
iron
or
zinc.
Redox
active
metal
ions,
for
example
can
catalyze
production
Reactive
Oxygen
Species
(ROS)
when
bound
amyloid-β
(Aβ).
The
ROS
thus
produced,
particular
hydroxyl
radical
which
reactive
one,
may
contribute
oxidative
damage
on
both
Aβ
itself
surrounding
molecule
(proteins,
lipids,
…).
This
review
highlights
existing
link
between
AD,
consequences
towards
molecules
terms
damage.
addition,
implication
ions
their
interaction
redox
properties
leading
discussed,
vitro
vivo
oxidation
peptide,
at
molecular
level.
Journal of Alzheimer s Disease,
Journal Year:
2017,
Volume and Issue:
57(4), P. 1105 - 1121
Published: Jan. 6, 2017
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD)
is
a
devastating
neurodegenerative
disorder
without
cure.
Most
AD
cases
are
sporadic
where
age
represents
the
greatest
risk
factor.
Lack
of
understanding
mechanism
hinders
development
efficacious
therapeutic
approaches.
The
loss
synapses
in
affected
brain
regions
correlates
best
with
cognitive
impairment
patients
and
has
been
considered
as
early
that
precedes
neuronal
loss.
Oxidative
stress
recognized
contributing
factor
aging
progression
multiple
diseases
including
AD.
Increased
production
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
associated
age-
disease-dependent
mitochondrial
function,
altered
metal
homeostasis,
reduced
antioxidant
defense
directly
affect
synaptic
activity
neurotransmission
neurons
leading
to
dysfunction.
In
addition,
molecular
targets
by
ROS
include
nuclear
DNA,
lipids,
proteins,
calcium
dynamics
cellular
architecture,
receptor
trafficking
endocytosis,
energy
homeostasis.
Abnormal
metabolism
turn
could
accumulation
amyloid-β
(Aβ)
hyperphosphorylated
Tau
protein,
which
independently
exacerbate
dysfunction
production,
thereby
vicious
cycle.
While
mounting
evidence
implicates
etiology,
clinical
trials
therapies
have
not
produced
consistent
results.
this
review,
we
will
discuss
role
oxidative
AD,
innovative
strategies
evolved
based
on
better
complexity
mechanisms
dual
play
health
disease.
Chemical Reviews,
Journal Year:
2017,
Volume and Issue:
117(3), P. 2059 - 2107
Published: Jan. 19, 2017
A
longstanding
research
goal
has
been
to
understand
the
nature
and
role
of
copper–oxygen
intermediates
within
copper-containing
enzymes
abiological
catalysts.
Synthetic
chemistry
played
a
pivotal
in
highlighting
viability
proposed
expanding
library
known
cores.
In
addition
number
new
complexes
that
have
synthesized
since
previous
reviews
on
this
topic
journal
(Mirica,
L.
M.;
Ottenwaelder,
X.;
Stack,
T.
D.
P.
Chem.
Rev.
2004,
104,
1013–1046
Lewis,
E.
A.;
Tolman,
W.
B.
1047–1076),
field
seen
significant
expansion
(1)
range
cores
characterized,
(2)
amount
mechanistic
work
performed,
particularly
area
organic
substrate
oxidation,
(3)
use
computational
methods
for
both
corroboration
prediction
intermediates.
The
scope
review
limited
well-characterized
examples
species
but
seeks
provide
thorough
picture
spectroscopic
characteristics
reactivity
trends
discussed.
Chemical Reviews,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
121(4), P. 2545 - 2647
Published: Feb. 5, 2021
Protein
misfolding
and
aggregation
is
observed
in
many
amyloidogenic
diseases
affecting
either
the
central
nervous
system
or
a
variety
of
peripheral
tissues.
Structural
dynamic
characterization
all
species
along
pathways
from
monomers
to
fibrils
challenging
by
experimental
computational
means
because
they
involve
intrinsically
disordered
proteins
most
diseases.
Yet
understanding
how
amyloid
become
toxic
challenge
developing
treatment
for
these
Here
we
review
what
computer,
vitro,
vivo,
pharmacological
experiments
tell
us
about
accumulation
deposition
oligomers
(Aβ,
tau),
α-synuclein,
IAPP,
superoxide
dismutase
1
proteins,
which
have
been
mainstream
concept
underlying
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD),
Parkinson's
(PD),
type
II
diabetes
(T2D),
amyotrophic
lateral
sclerosis
(ALS)
research,
respectively,
years.
Chemical Reviews,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
119(2), P. 1221 - 1322
Published: Aug. 10, 2018
Neurodegenerative
diseases
pose
a
substantial
socioeconomic
burden
on
society.
Unfortunately,
the
aging
world
population
and
lack
of
effective
cures
foreshadow
negative
outlook.
Although
large
amount
research
has
been
dedicated
to
elucidating
pathologies
neurodegenerative
diseases,
their
principal
causes
remain
elusive.
Metal
ion
dyshomeostasis,
proteopathy,
oxidative
stress,
neurotransmitter
deficiencies
are
pathological
features
shared
across
multiple
disorders.
In
addition,
these
factors
proposed
be
interrelated
upon
disease
progression.
Thus,
development
multifunctional
compounds
capable
simultaneously
interacting
with
several
components
suggested
as
solution
undertake
complex
diseases.
this
review,
we
outline
discuss
possible
therapeutic
targets
in
Alzheimer's
disease,
Parkinson's
amyotrophic
lateral
sclerosis
molecules,
previously
designed
or
discovered
potential
drug
candidates
for
disorders
emphasis
multifunctionality.
underrepresented
areas
discussed
indicate
new
directions.
Chemical Society Reviews,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
49(15), P. 5473 - 5509
Published: Jan. 1, 2020
Amyloid
diseases
are
global
epidemics
with
profound
health,
social
and
economic
implications
yet
remain
without
a
cure.
This
dire
situation
calls
for
research
into
the
origin
pathological
manifestations
of
amyloidosis
to
stimulate
continued
development
new
therapeutics.
In
basic
science
engineering,
cross-β
architecture
has
been
constant
thread
underlying
structural
characteristics
functional
amyloids,
realizing
that
amyloid
structures
can
be
both
in
nature
fuelled
innovations
artificial
whose
use
today
ranges
from
water
purification
3D
printing.
At
conclusion
half
century
since
Eanes
Glenner's
seminal
study
amyloids
humans,
this
review
commemorates
occasion
by
documenting
major
milestones
date,
perspectives
biology,
biophysics,
medicine,
microbiology,
engineering
nanotechnology.
We
also
discuss
challenges
opportunities
drive
interdisciplinary
field
moving
forward.
Advanced Materials,
Journal Year:
2017,
Volume and Issue:
30(3)
Published: Nov. 30, 2017
Transition-metal
dyshomeostasis
is
recognized
as
a
critical
pathogenic
factor
at
the
onset
and
progression
of
neurodegenerative
disorder
(ND).
Excess
transition-metal
ions
such
Cu2+
can
catalyze
generation
cytotoxic
reactive
oxygen
species
thereafter
induce
neuronal
cell
apoptosis.
Exploring
new
chelating
agents,
which
are
not
only
capable
capturing
excess
redox-active
metal,
but
also
cross
blood-brain
barrier
(BBB),
highly
desired
for
ND
therapy.
Herein,
it
demonstrated
that
2D
black
phosphorus
(BP)
nanosheets
capture
efficiently
selectively
to
protect
cells
from
-induced
neurotoxicity.
Moreover,
both
in
vitro
vivo
studies
show
BBB
permeability
BP
significantly
improved
under
near-infrared
laser
irradiation
due
their
strong
photothermal
effect,
overcomes
drawback
conventional
agents.
Furthermore,
excellent
biocompatibility
stability
guarantee
biosafety
future
clinical
applications.
Therefore,
these
features
make
have
great
potential
work
an
efficient
neuroprotective
nanodrug
