Current hurdles to the translation of nanomedicines from bench to the clinic

Drug Delivery and Translational Research, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(3), P. 500 - 525

Published: July 23, 2021

Abstract The field of nanomedicine has significantly influenced research areas such as drug delivery, diagnostics, theranostics, and regenerative medicine; however, the further development this will face significant challenges at regulatory level if related guidance remains unclear unconsolidated. This review describes those features pathways crucial to clinical translation highlights considerations for early-stage product development. These include identifying critical quality attributes essential activity safety, appropriate analytical methods (physical, chemical, biological) characterization, important process parameters, adequate pre-clinical models. Additional concerns evaluation batch-to-batch consistency regarding scaling up that ensure a successful reproducible manufacturing process. Furthermore, we advise close collaboration with agencies from early stages assure an aligned position accelerate future nanomedicines. Graphical abstract

Language: Английский

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Lipid-Based Nanoparticles for Drug/Gene Delivery: An Overview of the Production Techniques and Difficulties Encountered in Their Industrial Development

ACS Materials Au, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 3(6), P. 600 - 619

Published: Aug. 21, 2023

Over the past decade, therapeutic potential of nanomaterials as novel drug delivery systems complementing conventional pharmacology has been widely acknowledged. Among these nanomaterials, lipid-based nanoparticles (LNPs) have shown remarkable pharmacological performance and promising outcomes, thus gaining substantial interest in preclinical clinical research. In this review, we introduce main types LNPs used formulations such liposomes, nanoemulsions, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured carriers, polymer hybrid focusing on their physicochemical properties potential. We discuss computational studies modeling techniques to enhance understanding how interact with cargo predict effectiveness interactions applications. also analyze benefits drawbacks various LNP production nanoprecipitation, emulsification, evaporation, thin film hydration, microfluidic-based methods, an impingement jet mixer. Additionally, major challenges associated industrial development, including stability sterilization, storage, regulatory compliance, reproducibility, quality control. Overcoming facilitating compliance represent key steps toward LNP's successful commercialization translation into settings.

Language: Английский

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Nanomedicines accessible in the market for clinical interventions

Journal of Controlled Release, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 330, P. 372 - 397

Published: Dec. 25, 2020

Language: Английский

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Overview and Update on Extracellular Vesicles: Considerations on Exosomes and Their Application in Modern Medicine

Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(6), P. 804 - 804

Published: May 24, 2022

In recent years, there has been a rapid growth in the knowledge of cell-secreted extracellular vesicle functions. They are membrane enclosed and loaded with proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, other biomolecules. After being released into environment, some these vesicles delivered to recipient cells; consequently, target cell may undergo physiological or pathological changes. Thus, as biological nano-carriers, have pivotal role facilitating long-distance intercellular communication. Understanding mechanisms that mediate this communication process is important not only for basic science but also medicine. Indeed, currently seen immense interest nanomedicine precision medicine their potential use diagnostic, prognostic, therapeutic applications. This paper aims summarize latest advances study smallest subtype among vesicles, exosomes. The article divided several sections, focusing on exosomes' nature, characteristics, commonly used strategies methodologies separation, characterization, visualization. By searching an extended portion relevant literature, work give quick outline extensive nanomedical Moreover, considerations require further investigations before translating them clinical applications summarized.

Language: Английский

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Carbon Dot Therapeutic Platforms: Administration, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, Toxicity, and Therapeutic Potential

Small, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 18(16)

Published: Jan. 27, 2022

Abstract Ultrasmall nanoparticles are often grouped under the broad umbrella term of “nanoparticles” when reported in literature. However, for biomedical applications, their small sizes give them intimate interactions with biological species and endow unique functional physiochemical properties. Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) an emerging class ultrasmall which have demonstrated considerable biocompatibility been employed as potent theragnostic platforms. These particles find application increasing drug solubility targeting, along facilitating passage drugs across impermeable membranes (i.e., blood brain barrier). Further functionality can be triggered by various environmental conditions or external stimuli pH, temperature, near Infrared (NIR) light, ultrasound), intrinsic fluorescence is valuable diagnostic applications. The focus this review to shed light on therapeutic potential CQDs identify how they travel through body, reach site action, administer effect, excreted. Investigation into toxicity compatibility larger nanoparticle carriers also examined. future applications promising due multifunctional attributes documented biocompatibility. As nanomaterial platforms become more commonplace clinical treatments, commercialization CQD therapeutics anticipated.

Language: Английский

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Metallodrugs in cancer nanomedicine

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 51(7), P. 2544 - 2582

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Metal complexes are extensively used for cancer therapy. The multiple variables available tuning (metal, ligand, and metal-ligand interaction) offer unique opportunities drug design, have led to a vast portfolio of metallodrugs that can display higher diversity functions mechanisms action with respect pure organic structures. Clinically approved metallodrugs, such as cisplatin, carboplatin oxaliplatin, treat many types play prominent roles in combination regimens, including immunotherapy. However, generally suffer from poor pharmacokinetics, low levels target site accumulation, metal-mediated off-target reactivity development resistance, which all limit their efficacy clinical translation. Nanomedicine has arisen powerful tool help overcome these shortcomings. Several nanoformulations already significantly improved the reduced toxicity (chemo-)therapeutic drugs, some promising metallodrug-containing nanomedicines currently trials. In this critical review, we analyse challenges assess advantages limitations metallodrug delivery, both nanocarrier metal-nano interaction perspective. We describe latest most relevant nanomedicine formulations developed metal complexes, discuss how rational coordination chemistry technology assist promoting translation metallodrugs.

Language: Английский

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Materials-Driven Soft Wearable Bioelectronics for Connected Healthcare

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 124(2), P. 455 - 553

Published: Jan. 4, 2024

In the era of Internet-of-things, many things can stay connected; however, biological systems, including those necessary for human health, remain unable to connected global Internet due lack soft conformal biosensors. The fundamental challenge lies in fact that electronics and biology are distinct incompatible, as they based on different materials via functioning principles. particular, body is curvilinear, yet typically rigid planar. Recent advances design have generated tremendous opportunities wearable bioelectronics, which may bridge gap, enabling ultimate dream healthcare anyone, anytime, anywhere. We begin with a review historical development healthcare, indicating significant trend healthcare. This followed by focal point discussion about new design, particularly low-dimensional nanomaterials. summarize material types their attributes designing bioelectronic sensors; we also cover synthesis fabrication methods, top-down, bottom-up, combined approaches. Next, discuss energy challenges progress made date. addition front-end devices, describe back-end machine learning algorithms, artificial intelligence, telecommunication, software. Afterward, integration systems been applied various testbeds real-world settings, laboratories preclinical clinical environments. Finally, narrate remaining conjunction our perspectives.

Language: Английский

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Review on the Scale-Up Methods for the Preparation of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(9), P. 1886 - 1886

Published: Sept. 6, 2022

Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) are an alternate carrier system to liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, and inorganic carriers. SLNs have attracted increasing attention in recent years for delivering drugs, nucleic acids, proteins, peptides, nutraceuticals, cosmetics. These nanocarriers industrial due their ease of preparation, physicochemical stability, scalability. characteristics make attractive manufacture on a large scale. Currently, several products with clinical trials, there is high possibility that SLN carriers will quickly increase presence the market. A large-scale manufacturing unit required commercial applications prepare enough formulations studies. Furthermore, continuous processing becoming more popular pharmaceutical sector reduce product batch-to-batch differences. This review paper discusses some conventional methods rationale production. It further covers progress scale-up synthesis SLNs, including high-pressure homogenization (HPH), hot melt extrusion coupled HPH, microchannels, nanoprecipitation using static mixers, microemulsion-based methods. technologies enable commercialization SLNs. ongoing studies indicate these eventually reach

Language: Английский

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Whither Magnetic Hyperthermia? A Tentative Roadmap

Materials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 14(4), P. 706 - 706

Published: Feb. 3, 2021

The scientific community has made great efforts in advancing magnetic hyperthermia for the last two decades after going through a sizeable research lapse from its establishment. All progress various topics ranging nanoparticle synthesis to biocompatibilization and vivo testing have been seeking push forefront towards some new clinical trials. As many, they did not go at expected pace. Today, fruitful international cooperation wisdom gain careful analysis of lessons learned seminal trials allow us future with better guarantees more definitive takeoff this genuine nanotherapy against cancer. Deliberately giving prominence number critical aspects, opinion review offers blend state-of-the-art hints glimpses into therapy, considering evolution science technology behind hyperthermia.

Language: Английский

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Review of Antimicrobial Nanocoatings in Medicine and Dentistry: Mechanisms of Action, Biocompatibility Performance, Safety, and Benefits Compared to Antibiotics

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(8), P. 7064 - 7092

Published: April 7, 2023

This review discusses topics relevant to the development of antimicrobial nanocoatings and nanoscale surface modifications for medical dental applications. Nanomaterials have unique properties compared their micro- macro-scale counterparts can be used reduce or inhibit bacterial growth, colonization biofilm development. Generally, exert effects through biochemical reactions, production reactive oxygen species ionic release, while modified nanotopographies create a physically hostile bacteria, killing cells via biomechanical damage. Nanocoatings may consist metal nanoparticles including silver, copper, gold, zinc, titanium, aluminum, nonmetallic compounds in carbon-based form graphene carbon nanotubes, composed silica chitosan. Surface nanotopography by inclusion nanoprotrusions black silicon. Two more nanomaterials combined nanocomposites with distinct chemical physical characteristics, allowing combination different such as activity, biocompatibility, strength, durability. Despite wide range applications engineering, questions been raised regarding potential toxicity hazards. Current legal frameworks do not effectively regulate matters safety, open remaining about risk analysis occupational exposure limits considering coating-based approaches. Bacterial resistance is also concern, especially where it affect wider resistance. excellent future use, but safe antimicrobials requires careful consideration "One Health" agenda, appropriate legislation, assessment.

Language: Английский

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