Bio‐Based Thermosetting Resins: From Molecular Engineering to Intrinsically Multifunctional Customization DOI
Weiwei Zhao, Jingkai Liu, Shuaipeng Wang

et al.

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(37)

Published: March 20, 2024

Recent years have witnessed a growing interest in bio-based thermosetting resins terms of environmental concerns and the desire for sustainable industrial practices. Beyond sustainability, utilizing structural diversity renewable feedstock to craft thermosets with customized functionalities is very worthy expectation. There exist many compounds inherently unique chemical structures functions, some which are even difficult synthesize artificially. Over past decade, great efforts devoted discovering/designing functional properties thermosets, notable progress been made antibacterial, antifouling, flame retardancy, serving as carbon precursors, stimuli responsiveness, among others, largely expanding their application potential future prospects. In this review, recent advances field presented, particular focus on molecular design strategies discovering properties. Examples highlighted wherein facilitated by inherent feedstock. Perspectives issues regarding further proposed at end.

Language: Английский

Circularity in polymers: addressing performance and sustainability challenges using dynamic covalent chemistries DOI Creative Commons
Tianwei Yan, Alex H. Balzer, Katie M. Herbert

et al.

Chemical Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(20), P. 5243 - 5265

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

This review provides a multidisciplinary overview of the challenges and opportunities for dynamic covalent chemistry-based macromolecules towards design new, sustainable, recyclable materials circular economy.

Language: Английский

Citations

46
Chemical Recycling of Thiol Epoxy Thermosets via Light-Driven C–C Bond Cleavage DOI
Suong T. Nguyen, Lydia R. Fries, James H. Cox

et al.

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 145(20), P. 11151 - 11160

Published: May 11, 2023

Epoxy thermosets are high-volume materials that play a central role in wide range of engineering applications; however, technologies to recycle these polymers remain rare. Here, we present catalytic, light-driven method enables chemical recycling industrially relevant thiol epoxy their original monomer at ambient temperature. This strategy relies on the proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) activation hydroxy groups within polymer network generate key alkoxy radicals promote fragmentation through C-C bond β-scission. The fully depolymerizes insoluble into well-defined mixtures small-molecule products, which can collectively be converted via one-step dealkylation process. Notably, this process is selective and efficient even presence other commodity plastics additives commonly found commercial applications. These results constitute an important step toward making recyclable more generally exemplify potential PCET offer sustainable end-of-life for diverse array plastics.

Language: Английский

Citations

45
Closed-loop recyclability of a biomass-derived epoxy-amine thermoset by methanolysis DOI
Xianyuan Wu, Péter Hartmann, Dimitri Berne

et al.

Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 384(6692)

Published: April 11, 2024

Epoxy resin thermosets (ERTs) are an important class of polymeric materials. However, owing to their highly cross-linked nature, they suffer from poor recyclability, which contributes unacceptable level environmental pollution. There is a clear need for the design inherently recyclable ERTs that based on renewable resources. We present synthesis and closed-loop recycling fully lignocellulose-derivable epoxy (DGF/MBCA), prepared dimethyl ester 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (DMFD), 4,4'-methylenebis(cyclohexylamine) (MBCA), glycidol, displays excellent thermomechanical properties (a glass transition temperature 170°C, storage modulus at 25°C 1.2 gigapascals). Notably, material undergoes methanolysis in absence any catalyst, regenerating 90% original DMFD. The diamine MBCA glycidol can subsequently be reformed by acetolysis. Application DGF/MBCA plant fiber composites demonstrated.

Language: Английский

Citations

44
Lifecycle Management for Sustainable Plastics: Recent Progress from Synthesis, Processing to Upcycling DOI
Shuangqiao Yang, Yijun Li, Min Nie

et al.

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(33)

Published: June 13, 2024

Abstract Plastics, renowned for their outstanding properties and extensive applications, assume an indispensable irreplaceable role in modern society. However, the ubiquitous consumption of plastic items has led to a growing accumulation waste. Unreasonable practices production, utilization, recycling plastics have substantial energy resource depletion environmental pollution. Herein, state‐of‐the‐art advancements lifecycle management are timely reviewed. Unlike typical reviews focused on recycling, this work presents in‐depth analysis entire plastics, covering whole process from synthesis, processing, ultimate disposal. The primary emphasis lies selecting judicious strategies methodologies at each stage mitigate adverse impact waste plastics. Specifically, article delineates rationale, methods, realized various stages through both physical chemical pathways. focal point is attainment optimal rates thereby alleviating ecological burden By scrutinizing aims furnish comprehensive solutions reducing pollution fostering sustainability across all facets

Language: Английский

Citations

18
Beyond 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid: status quo, environmental assessment, and blind spots of furanic monomers for bio-based polymers DOI Creative Commons
Mattia Annatelli, Julián E. Sánchez-Velandia, Giovanna Mazzi

et al.

Green Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 26(16), P. 8894 - 8941

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

This review represents an overview of the status quo furan-based monomers and related bio-based polymers, highlighting key challenges for scaling from lab to pre-industrial levels.

Language: Английский

Citations

17
The challenge of recycling fast-growing fibre-reinforced polymer waste DOI

Huanyu Li,

Ning Zhang, Lei Wang

et al.

Nature Reviews Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Biobased Vitrimers: Towards Sustainability and Circularity DOI Creative Commons
Alberto Mariani, Giulio Malucelli

Chemical Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Bio-based vitrimers represent a green and sustainable bridge between thermoplastics thermosets.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Upcycling of thermosetting polymers into high-value materials DOI Open Access

Binbo Wang,

Yi Wang,

Shuai Du

et al.

Materials Horizons, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(1), P. 41 - 51

Published: Oct. 26, 2022

The strategies implemented for upcycling thermoset waste are first reviewed, followed by their strengths and weaknesses; lastly, future directions highlighted.

Language: Английский

Citations

53
Closed-Loop Recycling of Tough and Flame-Retardant Epoxy Resins DOI
Wei Fang, Junheng Zhang, Cheng Wu

et al.

Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 56(14), P. 5290 - 5305

Published: July 3, 2023

Large-scale applications of flame-retardant epoxy resins have caused sustainability concerns on the use renewable resources and end-of-life wastes. New strategies are required to address chemical recycling fire-safe resins. Here, we demonstrated recyclable (FREPs) using itaconic acid-derived hyperbranched resin (IA-EHBP) (1,3,5-hexahydro-s-triazine-1,3,5-triyl) benzyl mercaptan (HT-BM). The unique structure enabled a closed-loop network that can be degraded into monomers with up 86% yield recovered monomers. topological IA-EHBP also contributed significant improvement in strength toughness FREPs. By positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy, effects free-volume hole size relative fractional mechanical performance dynamic properties FREPs were studied, function relations therefore established based Williams–Landel–Ferry equation. incorporation effectively promoted formation char residue produced phosphorus- sulfur-containing free radicals prevent generation combustible volatiles, thus enhancing flame retardancy. recycled reused multiple times without loss performance. method reported here provides facile approach for high-efficiency reuse materials.

Language: Английский

Citations

41
Hybrid Monomer Design Synergizing Property Trade‐offs in Developing Polymers for Circularity and Performance DOI Creative Commons
Changxia Shi, Liam T. Reilly, Eugene Y.‐X. Chen

et al.

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 62(31)

Published: April 19, 2023

Abstract Current search for more sustainable plastics seeks to redesign polymers possessing both chemical recyclability monomer a circular economy and desirable performance that can rival or even exceed today's non‐recyclable hard‐to‐recycle petroleum‐based incumbents. However, within traditional framework it is challenging optimize, concurrently , contrasting polymerizability/depolymerizability recyclability/performance properties. Here, we highlight the emerging hybrid design strategy develop intrinsically with tunable properties, aiming unify desired, but otherwise conflicting, properties in single monomer. Conceptually, this hybridizes parent pairs of contrasting, mismatching, matching into offspring monomers not only above‐described conflicting also radically alter resultant polymer far beyond limits what either homopolymers their copolymers achieve.

Language: Английский

Citations

36