Recent Advancements in Pyrolysis of Halogen-Containing Plastics for Resource Recovery and Halogen Upcycling: A State-of-the-Art Review

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 58(3), P. 1423 - 1440

Published: Jan. 10, 2024

Plastic waste has emerged as a serious issue due to its impact on environmental degradation and resource scarcity. recycling, especially of halogen-containing plastics, presents challenges potential secondary pollution lower-value implementations. Chemical recycling via pyrolysis is the most versatile robust approach for combating plastic waste. In this Review, we present recent advancements in halogen-plastic utilization pathways from "reducing upcycling" halogens. We emphasize advanced management halogen-plastics through copyrolysis with solid wastes (waste polymers, biomass, coal, etc.), which an efficient method dealing mixed obtain high-value products while reducing undesirable substances. Innovations catalyst design reaction configurations catalytic are comprehensively evaluated. particular, tandem catalysis system promising route halogen removal selective conversion targeted products. Furthermore, propose novel insights regarding upcycling halogens halogen-plastics. This includes preparation halogen-based sorbents elemental mercury removal, halogenation–vaporization process metal recovery, development halogen-doped functional materials new energy applications. The reutilization facilitates halogen-plastics, but many efforts needed mutually beneficial outcomes. Overall, future investigations catalyst-driven technologies highlighted.

Language: Английский

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Poly(ionic liquid)s: an emerging platform for green chemistry

Green Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 26(9), P. 5022 - 5102

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

This tutorial review provides a comprehensive and authoritative summary on the exciting research activities in fields of poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs), covering their synthesis applications number areas.

Language: Английский

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Plastic Waste Recycling─A Chemical Recycling Perspective

ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(33), P. 12270 - 12288

Published: July 1, 2024

This article provides an overview of plastic recycling development since the 1970s. It discusses three common options: mechanical recycling, chemical and energetic recycling. Additionally, it considers challenges waste cleaning sorting. The describes processes in detail for main constituents waste, such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), terephthalate (PET). current rates indicate that only is economically viable, which insufficient a sustainable circular economy. Chemical methods are often too energy-intensive require complex presorting making them unattractive. To become competitive, requirements have been derived this article. In context, splitting polymer chains using low-temperature atmospheric pressure plasma proposed novel technology. date, technology has used surface treatment plastic. However, shows potential processing unsorted, low-value especially PE, PP, mixed would otherwise be sent incineration or to landfills. Mechanical unsuitable these streams, competitive not yet established on industrial scale.

Language: Английский

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Recent advances in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) recycling

Polymers for Advanced Technologies, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 35(1)

Published: Nov. 2, 2023

Abstract Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) recycling is crucial for mitigating the environmental impact of PVC wastes, which take decades to decompose in landfills. This review examines current state processes, focusing on challenges and future research opportunities. It explores types sources including post‐consumer, industrial, construction wastes. Conventional methods such as mechanical, thermal, chemical are discussed, highlighting their advantages, limitations, successful applications. Furthermore, recent advances recycling, biological, plasma‐assisted, solvent‐based explored, considering potential benefits challenges. The emphasizes European context region has implemented regulatory initiatives collaborations. points out Circular Economy Action Plan directives targeting waste management, have promoted established a supportive framework. Challenges technologies, low yield high energy consumption, identified. calls development efficient cost‐effective along with improvements infrastructure consumer awareness. Assessing economic impacts, significantly reduces greenhouse gas emissions conserves resources compared virgin production. include job creation reduced raw material costs.

Language: Английский

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Risks Associated with the Presence of Polyvinyl Chloride in the Environment and Methods for Its Disposal and Utilization

Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(1), P. 173 - 173

Published: Dec. 28, 2023

Plastics have recently become an indispensable part of everyone's daily life due to their versatility, durability, light weight, and low production costs. The increasing use plastics poses great environmental problems incomplete utilization, a very long period biodegradation, negative impact on living organisms. Decomposing lead the formation microplastics, which accumulate in environment organisms, becoming food chain. contamination soils water with poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) seriously threatens ecosystems around world. Their durability weight make microplastic particles easily transported through or air, ending up soil. Thus, problem pollution affects entire ecosystem. Since microplastics are commonly found both drinking bottled water, humans also exposed harmful effects. Because existing risks associated PVC ecosystem, intensive research is underway develop methods clean remove it from environment. plastic, especially microplastic, results reduction soil resources used for agricultural utility purposes. This review provides overview PVC's its disposal options.

Language: Английский

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Chlorinated plastics offer unique opportunities and challenges in upcycling

Polymer International, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 73(5), P. 341 - 348

Published: Feb. 19, 2024

Abstract Chlorinated plastics are part of the everyday lives consumers and producers alike. They can be found in buildings, automobiles, fashion, packaging many other places. This prevalence makes them a considerable plastic waste crisis. Interest ‘upcycling’ (as opposed to recycling) has grown recently augment possibilities managing waste. The advances made upcycling have focused on polyethylene, polypropylene, poly(ethylene terephthalate) polystyrene while chlorinated plastics, chiefly poly(vinyl chloride), received much less attention. release chlorine‐containing molecules during treatment greatly complicates cross‐method upcycling, or even mixes containing plastics. review presents case for extracting value from by highlighting appealing products owing to, despite, CCl bond via depolymerization, carbonization modification. © 2024 Society Industrial Chemistry.

Language: Английский

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Recycling spent lithium-ion battery cathode: an overview

Green Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 26(13), P. 7656 - 7717

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

This review introduces the structure and failure mechanism of lithium-ion batteries, followed by a systematic summary recycling techniques, including direct, hydrometallurgical, pyrometallurgical recovery.

Language: Английский

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Electrochemical recycling of polymeric materials

Chemical Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(23), P. 8606 - 8624

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Electrochemistry shows promising new avenues in the recycling of polymeric materials. This work reviews electrochemical depolymerization, post-polymerization functionalization, and paired catalysis, highlighting future challenges opportunities.

Language: Английский

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Poisoning effect of polyvinyl chloride on the catalytic pyrolysis of mixed plastics over zeolites

Science China Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 67(7), P. 2265 - 2273

Published: June 4, 2024

Language: Английский

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An Overview of Recycling Phenolic Resin

Polymers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(9), P. 1255 - 1255

Published: April 30, 2024

Over a century ago, phenolic formaldehyde (PF) resin was developed and continues to increase in yield due its diverse applications. However, PF is thermosetting plastic lacking fluidity moldability, which are nondegradable natural environments, leading severe threats fossil resources as well global environmental crises. As result, recycling extremely important. In this review, we provide the recent advances of resin, includes mechanical recycling, chemical utilization carbon-based materials. The advantages disadvantages each strategy evaluated from green chemistry perspective. This article aims attract interest design, synthesizing, application offering useful suggestions.

Language: Английский

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