Functional Relationship between Osteogenesis and Angiogenesis in Tissue Regeneration

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 21(9), P. 3242 - 3242

Published: May 3, 2020

Bone tissue renewal can be outlined as a complicated mechanism centered on the interaction between osteogenic and angiogenic events capable of leading to bone formation renovation. The achievement or debacle regeneration is focused primary role vascularization occurrence; in particular, turning point opportunity vascularize bulk scaffolds, order deliver enough nutrients, growth factors, minerals oxygen for restoration. optimal scaffolds should ensure development vascular networks warrant positive suitable microenvironment engineering renewal. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), main player angiogenesis, provoking migration proliferation endothelial cells indirectly stimulating osteogenesis, through regulation factors released paracrine signaling. For this reason, we concentrated our attention two principal groups involved defects: scaffold that guarantee an effective process. application Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs), excellent cell source restoration, evidences crucial strategies. This review aims provide overview intimate connection blood vessels appear during when MSCs, their secretome-Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) microRNAs (miRNAs) -and substitutes are used combination.

Language: Английский

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Exosomes derived from miR‐375‐overexpressing human adipose mesenchymal stem cells promote bone regeneration

Cell Proliferation, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 52(5)

Published: Aug. 5, 2019

Abstract Objectives The present study aimed to investigate whether exosomes derived from miR‐375‐overexpressing human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (hASCs) could enhance bone regeneration. Materials and Methods Exosomes enriched with miR‐375 (Exo [miR‐375]) were generated hASCs stably overexpressing after lentiviral transfection identified transmission electron microscopy, nanosight western blotting. construction efficiency of Exo (miR‐375) was evaluated qRT‐PCR incubated marrow (hBMSCs) optimize the effective dosage. Then, osteogenic capability investigated ALP ARS assays. Furthermore, dual‐luciferase reporter assay blotting conducted reveal underlying mechanism in regulation. Finally, embedded hydrogel applied a rat model calvarial defect, μ‐CT analysis histological examination evaluate therapeutic effects Results be by parent cells. Administration at 50 μg/mL improved differentiation hBMSCs. With absorbed hBMSCs, insulin‐like growth factor binding protein 3 ( IGFBP3 ) inhibited its 3′UTR, recombinant reduced triggered (miR‐375). After incorporated hydrogel, displayed slow controlled release, further vivo demonstrated that enhanced regenerative capacity defect. Conclusions Taken together, our promoted

Language: Английский

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The roles of miRNA, lncRNA and circRNA in the development of osteoporosis

Biological Research, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 53(1)

Published: Sept. 16, 2020

Abstract Osteoporosis is a common metabolic bone disease, influenced by genetic and environmental factors, that increases fragility fracture risk and, therefore, has serious adverse effect on the quality of life patients. However, epigenetic mechanisms involved in development osteoporosis remain unclear. There accumulating evidence modifications may represent underlying links factors with increased fracture. Some RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular (circRNAs), have been shown to be regulators significant involvement control gene expression, affecting multiple biological processes, including metabolism. This review summarizes results recent studies miRNA-, lncRNA-, circRNA-mediated associated osteoblasts osteoclasts. Deeper insights into roles these three classes RNA could provide unique opportunities for developing novel diagnostic therapeutic approaches this disease.

Language: Английский

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Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Osteoporosis: Molecular Mechanisms Involved and the Relationship with microRNAs

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(4), P. 3772 - 3772

Published: Feb. 14, 2023

Osteoporosis is characterized by the alteration of bone homeostasis due to an imbalance between osteoclastic resorption and osteoblastic formation. Estrogen deficiency causes loss postmenopausal osteoporosis, pathogenesis which also involves oxidative stress, inflammatory processes, dysregulation expression microRNAs (miRNAs) that control gene at post-transcriptional levels. Oxidative increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), proinflammatory mediators altered levels miRNAs enhance osteoclastogenesis reduce osteoblastogenesis through mechanisms involving activation MAPK transcription factors. The present review summarizes principal molecular involved role ROS cytokines on osteoporosis. Moreover, it highlights interplay among miRNA levels, state. In fact, ROS, activating transcriptional factors, can affect expression, regulate production processes. Therefore, should help identifying targets for development new therapeutic approaches osteoporotic treatment improve quality life patients.

Language: Английский

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Bone regeneration is mediated by macrophage extracellular vesicles

Bone, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 141, P. 115627 - 115627

Published: Sept. 3, 2020

Language: Английский

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Dietary Anti-Aging Polyphenols and Potential Mechanisms

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(2), P. 283 - 283

Published: Feb. 13, 2021

For years, the consumption of a diet rich in fruits and vegetables has been considered healthy, increasing longevity, decreasing morbidities. With assistance basic research investigating potential mechanisms, it become clear that beneficial effects plant-based foods are mainly due to large amount bioactive phenolic compounds contained. Indeed, substantial dietary intervention studies humans have supported supplementation polyphenols various health-promoting effects, especially elderly population. In vitro examinations on anti-aging mechanisms widely performed, using different types natural synthetic compounds. The aim this review is critically evaluate experimental evidence demonstrating aging-related diseases. We highlight polyphenols, including antioxidant signaling, preventing cellular senescence, targeting microRNA, influencing NO bioavailability, promoting mitochondrial function. While trends utilizing disorders getting growing attention, we suggest exploration combination multiple or polyphenol-rich foods, as would be more physiologically relevant daily life.

Language: Английский

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miRNAs as potential game-changers in bone diseases: Future medicinal and clinical uses

Pathology - Research and Practice, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 245, P. 154440 - 154440

Published: April 6, 2023

Language: Английский

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MicroRNAs as modulators of longevity and the aging process

Human Genetics, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 139(3), P. 291 - 308

Published: July 11, 2019

Language: Английский

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Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase: A Regulator of Cell Growth, Inflammation, Chondrocyte and Bone Cell Receptor-Mediated Gene Expression

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 20(15), P. 3792 - 3792

Published: Aug. 3, 2019

Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) is a member of the mitogen-activated protein family signaling molecules. ERK predominantly found in two forms, ERK1 (p44) and ERK2 (p42), respectively. There are also several atypical forms ERK, including ERK3, ERK4, ERK5 ERK7. The ERK1/2 pathway has been implicated many diverse cellular events, proliferation, growth, differentiation, cell migration, survival, metabolism transcription. activated (i.e., phosphorylated) cytosol subsequently translocated to nucleus, where it activates transcription factors including, but not limited to, ETS, c-Jun, Fos. It surprising that cascade pathological conditions, namely, cancer, arthritis, chronic inflammation, osteoporosis. This narrative review examines events which plays critical role. anticipated agents designed inhibit activation or p-ERK1/2 activity will be developed for treatment those diseases characterized by dysregulated gene expression through activation.

Language: Английский

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Normalization strategies differently affect circulating miRNA profile associated with the training status

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Feb. 7, 2019

Abstract MicroRNAs are fine regulators of the whole-body adaptive response but their use as biomarkers is limited by lack standardized pre- and post-analytical procedures. This work aimed to compare different normalization approaches for RT-qPCR data analyses, in order identify most reliable reproducible method analyze circulating miRNA expression profiles sedentary highly-trained subjects. As physically active status known affect expression, they could be effective homeostatic response. Following RNA extraction from plasma, a panel 179 miRNAs was assayed quantified applying strategies based on endogenous exogenous oligonucleotides. hsa-miR-320d found appropriate reference reducing technical variability among experimental replicates and, hence, highlighting inter-cohorts differences. Our showed an association between specific skeletal muscle- bone-associated profiles, revealing that established epigenetic modifications baseline physiological these tissues. Since led outputs, avoid misleading interpretation data, we remark importance accurate choice every setting.

Language: Английский

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