Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Human Health: From Metabolic Pathways to Current Therapeutic Implications

Life, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 559 - 559

Published: April 26, 2024

The gastrointestinal tract is home to trillions of diverse microorganisms collectively known as the gut microbiota, which play a pivotal role in breaking down undigested foods, such dietary fibers. Through fermentation these food components, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) acetate, propionate, and butyrate are produced, offering numerous health benefits host. production absorption SCFAs occur through various mechanisms within human intestine, contingent upon types fibers reaching specific engaged fermentation. Medical literature extensively documents supplementation SCFAs, particularly butyrate, treatment gastrointestinal, metabolic, cardiovascular, gut-brain-related disorders. This review seeks provide an overview dynamics involved gut. Additionally, it will focus on roles promoting metabolic health, well their current therapeutic implications.

Language: Английский

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Short-chain Fatty Acids and Human Health: from Metabolic Pathways to Current Therapeutic Implication

Published: March 27, 2024

The gastrointestinal tract is colonized by trillions of different microorganisms, named the gut microbiota, which key to degrade undigested food such as dietary fibers. fermentation these components leads production short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) acetate, propionate, and butyrate, exploit several beneficial roles for host’s health. Their absorption happen in ways human intestine depend on type fiber reaching microorganisms involved fermentation. supplementation SCFAs, mostly treating gastrointestinal, metabolic, cardiovascular, gut-brain-related diseases has been reported medical literature. This review aims give an overview dynamics butyrate gut, with a final focus role played SCFAs metabolic health present therapeutic implications.

Language: Английский

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Sesamin Alleviates Allergen-Induced Diarrhea by Restoring Gut Microbiota Composition and Intestinal Barrier Function

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Food allergens are the key triggers of allergic diarrhea, causing damage to immune-rich ileum. This weakens mucosal barrier and tight junctions, increases intestinal permeability, exacerbates allergen exposure, thereby worsening condition. Sesamin, a natural lignan isolated from sesame seed, has shown potential in regulating immune responses, but its effects on health remain unclear. In this study, we constructed an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced diarrhea mouse model, which demonstrated increased mast cell degranulation, reduced junction integrity, impaired function. Pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly ileum, along with unbalanced cluster differentiation 4 (CD4

Language: Английский

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Enzymatic modification of pomelo pectins for shaping the gut microbiota to a healthy pattern

Food Hydrocolloids, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 152, P. 109939 - 109939

Published: Feb. 28, 2024

Language: Английский

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Rethinking the classification of non‐digestible carbohydrates: Perspectives from the gut microbiome

Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(6)

Published: Oct. 22, 2024

Abstract Clarification is required when the term “carbohydrate” used interchangeably with “saccharide” and “glycan.” Carbohydrate classification based on human digestive enzyme activities brings clarity to energy supply function of digestible sugars starch. However, categorizing structurally diverse non‐digestible carbohydrates (NDCs) make dietary intake recommendations for health promotion remains elusive. In this review, we present a summary strengths weaknesses traditional dichotomic classifications carbohydrates, which were introduced by food chemists, nutritionists, microbiologists. parallel, discuss current consensus commonly terms NDCs such as “dietary fiber,” “prebiotics,” “fermentable glycans” highlight their inherent differences from perspectives gut microbiome. Moreover, provide historical perspective development novel concepts microbiota‐accessible microbiota‐directed fiber, targeted prebiotics, glycobiome. Crucially, these proposed multidisciplinary scholars help distinguish interactions between summary, created inability enzymes fails denote Considering that microbiome possesses sophisticated systems harvest NDCs, subclassification should be realigned metabolism various microbes, particularly health‐promoting microbes. Such rigorous categorizations facilitate microbiome‐targeted therapeutic strategies incorporating specific types NDCs.

Language: Английский

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The efficacy of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei MSMC39-1 and Bifidobacterium animalis TA-1 probiotics in modulating gut microbiota and reducing the risk of the characteristics of metabolic syndrome: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(1), P. e0317202 - e0317202

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

Modern treatment, a healthy diet, and physical activity routines lower the risk factors for metabolic syndrome; however, this condition is associated with all-cause cardiovascular mortality worldwide. This investigation involved randomized controlled trial, double-blind, parallel study. Fifty-eight participants of syndrome according to inclusion criteria were into two groups given probiotics ( Lacticaseibacillus paracasei MSMC39-1 Bifidobacterium animalis TA-1) (n = 31) or placebo 27). The had mean age 42.29 ± 7.39 43.89 7.54 years in groups, respectively. Stool samples, anthropometric data, blood chemistries taken at baseline 12 weeks. primary outcome was achieved by group as their low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol level dramatically lowered compared (the difference 39.97 26.83 mg/dl, p-value <0.001). Moreover, significant reductions body weight, mass index, waist circumference, systolic pressure, total cholesterol observed volunteers treated placebo. In gut microbiome analysis, results showed statistically differences beta diversity post-intervention group. Blautia , Roseburia Collinsella Ruminococcus among microbiomes that more prevalent addition, exhibited increases predicted functional changes ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, well ribonucleic acid transport, biosynthesis unsaturated fatty acids, glycerophospholipid metabolism, pyruvate metabolism. conclusion, research demonstrated L . B TA-1 have efficacy syndrome.

Language: Английский

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Calcium Alginate Encapsulation of Rice Starch, Instead of a Physical Mixture of Both, Regulates the Fermentation Rate and Production of Acetate

Starch - Stärke, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 16, 2025

ABSTRACT Calcium alginate–encapsulated rice starch (AES) could be potentially applied as a analog with significantly improved amount of resistant starch, while its effects on gut microbiota remain less clear. To this end, structural characteristics AES and their impact microbiota, fermentation rate, short‐chain fatty acid (SCFA) production were examined using an in vitro batch method. Cooked showed higher intermolecular interactions (∼46 times), short‐range double helices, degree crystallinity compared to the simple mixture calcium alginate (Mix), resulting more homogenous densely packed network microstructure. As result, AES, instead Mix, slower gas rate (∼17%), relatively SCFAs, especially ratio acetate. Bifidobacterium pesudocatenulatum was possibly responsible for acetate AES. Collectively, these results show that has potential used slowly fermentable carbohydrate, favoring human colon.

Language: Английский

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Enterococcus dysbiosis as a mediator of vitamin D deficiency-associated memory impairments

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. e41969 - e41969

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Low vitamin D status is linked to disturbance in cognitive performance. This study explored possible ways how composition and functional capacity of the gut microbiome affects metabolism, directing serum (VitD) levels memory impairmets. It was found that composition, characterized by an increase relative abundance Enterococcus correlated with deficiency and, as consequence, impairments. A key mechanism identified differential utilization short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced bacteria substrates for synthesizing D3 precursor skin. finding confirms a complex interplay between microbiome, host health, highlighting potential significance targeting dysbiosis future preventive therapeutic strategies address VitD deficiency-related These results underscore importance understanding modulating optimize function.

Language: Английский

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The virulence regulatorbvgSis required for nutrient-induced filamentation inBordetella avium

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 19, 2025

Bacteria can change morphology in response to stressors and changes their environment, including infection of a host. We previously identified the bacterial species, Bordetella atropi , which uses nutrient-induced filamentation as novel mechanism for cell-to-cell spreading intestinal epithelial cells nematode To further investigate conservation Bordetellae, we utilized turkey-infecting species avium filaments vitro when switched from standard growth media an enriched media. conducted selection-based screen with B. isolated two independent non-filamentous mutants that failed filament highly These contained different alleles bvgS sensor two-component master virulence regulator (BvgAS) conserved across genus. role filamentation, transcriptomics found mutation resulted loss responsiveness highly-enriched media, especially genes related nutrient uptake metabolism. The most dysregulated gene mutant encoded succinyl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase (SCACT) were able regulate exogenous metabolites up downstream this enzyme. data suggest regulates by controlling metabolic capacity. Overall, is required suggesting there may be Bordetellae utilizing morphological phenotype.

Language: Английский

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Preferential use of organic acids over sugars by soil microbes in simulated root exudation

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 109738 - 109738

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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