Lower Diet Quality Associated with Subclinical Gastrointestinal Inflammation in Healthy United States Adults

Journal of Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 154(4), P. 1449 - 1460

Published: March 1, 2024

Higher diet quality has been associated with lower risk of developing inflammatory bowel disease, but associations between and gastrointestinal (GI) inflammation in healthy adults prior to disease onset are understudied. The purpose this project was examine reported dietary intake markers GI a human adult cohort. In cross-sectional observational trial 358 adults, participants completed up 3 unannounced 24-hour (24h) recalls using the Automated Self-Administered Dietary Assessment Tool® Block 2014 Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) assess recent habitual intake, respectively. Those who provided stool sample were included analysis. Inflammation from stool, including calprotectin, neopterin, myeloperoxidase measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) along lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) plasma. Recent fiber negatively correlated fecal calprotectin levels (n = 295, p 0.011, 0.009). Habitual soluble also (p 0.01). legume vegetable 0.013, 0.026, 0.01, We observed an inverse correlation Healthy Eating Index (HEI) scores 0.026). Inflammatory (DII) calculated positively neopterin for 289, 0.015). When those clinically elevated excluded, fiber, legume, vegetable, fruit 253, 0.00001, 0.0002, 0.045, 0.001, 0.009, 0.004, 0.014). total HEI score inversely subclinical 0.003). may be protective against even adults. NCT02367287, ClinicalTrials.gov, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02367287

Language: Английский

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Challenges in IBD Research 2024: Environmental Triggers

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(Supplement_2), P. S19 - S29

Published: May 1, 2024

Abstract Environmental factors play an important role in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD; Crohn’s disease, [CD], ulcerative colitis [UC]). As part of the & Colitis Challenges 2024 agenda, Triggers workgroup summarized progress made field environmental impact on IBD since last cycle this document. The identified 4 unmet gaps content area pertaining to broad categories: (1) Epidemiology; (2) Exposomics and measurement; (3) Biologic mechanisms; (4) Interventions Implementation. Within epidemiology, biggest were study understudied populations including racial ethnic minority groups witnessing rapid rise disease incidence globally. also a lack robust knowledge how may difference stages for different disease-related end points. Leveraging existing cohorts targeted new prospective studies felt be need field. limitations traditional questionnaire-based assessment exposure placed high priority identification measurable biomarkers that can quantify cross-sectional longitudinal exposure. This would, turn, allow identifying biologic mechanisms influence understand heterogeneity effect such influences. Finally, working group emphasized importance generating high-quality data effective modification individual societal level, scalable sustainable methods deliver changes.

Language: Английский

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Challenges in IBD Research 2024: Preclinical Human IBD Mechanisms

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(Supplement_2), P. S5 - S18

Published: May 1, 2024

Abstract Preclinical human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) mechanisms is one of 5 focus areas the Challenges in IBD Research 2024 document, which also includes environmental triggers, novel technologies, precision medicine, and pragmatic clinical research. Herein, we provide a comprehensive overview current gaps diseases research that relate to preclinical deliver actionable approaches address them with on how these can lead advancements interception, remission, restoration. The document result multidisciplinary input from scientists, clinicians, patients, funders represents valuable resource for patient-centric prioritization. This section identifies major whose investigation will elucidate pathways be targeted unmet medical needs IBD. were identified following areas: genetics, risk alleles, epigenetics; microbiome; cell states interactions; barrier function; complications (specifically fibrosis stricturing); extraintestinal manifestations. To gaps, share specific opportunities basic translational scientists identify priority actions.

Language: Английский

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Associations between specific dietary patterns, gut microbiome composition, and incident subthreshold depression in Chinese young adults

Journal of Advanced Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 1, 2024

The interplay between influential factors and the incidence of subthreshold depression (SD) in young adults remains poorly understood. This study sought to understand dietary habits, gut microbiota composition, etc. among individuals with SD investigate their association occurrence. Employing a cross-sectional approach, 178 SD, aged 18–32 years, were matched 114 healthy counterparts. status was evaluated using Zung Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), Anxiety (SAS), Beck Inventory 2nd version (BDI-II), 17-item Hamilton Rating Scales (HAMD-17), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Metagenomic sequencing utilized identify fecal microbial profiles. Dietary patterns discerned via factor analysis 25-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Logistic regression mediation performed explore potential links microbiota, patterns, incident SD. Data on habits available for 292 participants (mean [SD] age, 22.1 [2.9] years; 216 [73.9 %] female). revealed that Ⅰ (odds ratio [OR], 0.34; 95 % CI, 0.15–0.75) IV (OR, 0.39; 0.17–0.86 OR, 0.18–0.84) associated reduced risk Distinct profiles observed marked by increased diversity taxonomic alterations. Moreover, suggested Veillonella atypica as mediator linking SDS or BDI-II scores pattern rich bean products, coarse grains, nuts, fruits, mushrooms, potatoes (β = 0.25, CI: 0.02–0.78 β 0.18, 0.01–0.54). Our findings highlight complex developing adults, underscoring interventions microbiome modulation mental health promotion.

Language: Английский

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Association between Exposure to Metals during Pregnancy, Childhood Gut Microbiome, and Risk of Intestinal Inflammation in Late Childhood

Environment & Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2(10), P. 739 - 749

Published: Aug. 8, 2024

Alterations to the gut microbiome and exposure metals during pregnancy have been suggested impact inflammatory bowel disease. Nonetheless, how prenatal eventually results in long-term effects on microbiome, leading subclinical intestinal inflammation, particularly late childhood, has not studied. It is also unknown whether such an interactive effect drives a specific subgroup of children toward elevated susceptibility inflammation. We used amalgamation machine-learning techniques with regression-based framework explore if distinct sets microbes certain patterns (metal–microbial clique signature) had higher likelihood measured based fecal calprotectin (FC) childhood. obtained samples from well-characterized longitudinal birth cohort Mexico City (n = 108), Mexico. In second third trimesters pregnancy, 11 were whole blood. Gut microbial abundances FC stool 9–11 years age. Elevated was defined as having above 100 μg/g stool. identified subgroups whom metal–microbial signatures associated (false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05). particular, we found two significantly FC: (1) low cesium (Cs) copper (Cu) trimester relative abundance Eubacterium ventriosum (OR [95%CI]: 10.27 [3.57,29.52], FDR 0.001) (2) Cu high Roseburia inulinivorans Ruminococcus torques 7.21 [1.81,28.77], This exploratory study demonstrates that may levels denoting risk

Language: Английский

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