Single-cell transcriptional diversity is a hallmark of developmental potential

Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 367(6476), P. 405 - 411

Published: Jan. 24, 2020

More diversity at the top A detailed knowledge of cell differentiation hierarchies is important for understanding diverse biological processes such as organ development, tissue regeneration, and cancer. Single-cell RNA sequencing can help elucidate these hierarchies, but it requires reliable computational methods predicting lineage trajectories. Gulati et al. developed CytoTRACE, a framework based on simple observation that transcriptional diversity—the number genes expressed in cell—decreases during differentiation. CytoTRACE outperformed other several test cases was successfully applied to study cellular healthy tumor tissue. Science , this issue p. 405

Language: Английский

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Myelodysplastic Syndromes

New England Journal of Medicine, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 383(14), P. 1358 - 1374

Published: Sept. 30, 2020

MDS are clonal hematopoietic disorders involving morphologic defects and peripheral-blood cytopenias, with a risk of progression to acute myeloid leukemia. Except for del(5q) MDS, which is responsive lenalidomide, these largely managed supportive care.

Language: Английский

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Cell Therapy: Types, Regulation, and Clinical Benefits

Frontiers in Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: Nov. 22, 2021

Cell therapy practices date back to the 19 th century and continue expand on investigational investment grounds. includes stem cell- non–stem cell-based, unicellular multicellular therapies, with different immunophenotypic profiles, isolation techniques, mechanisms of action, regulatory levels. Following steps their predecessor cell therapies that have become established or commercialized, premarket approval-exempt provide patients promising therapeutic benefits in disease areas. In this review article, we delineate vast types therapy, including cell-based create first-in-literature compilation “multicellular” used clinical settings. Besides providing nuts bolts FDA policies regulating use, discuss reported 3 areas—regenerative medicine, immune diseases, cancer. Finally, contemplate recent attention shift toward combined approaches, highlighting factors render a more attractive option than counterparts.

Language: Английский

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MiR-375 reduces the stemness of gastric cancer cells through triggering ferroptosis

Stem Cell Research & Therapy, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: June 5, 2021

Gastric cancer stem cells (CSCs) are the main causes of metastasis and drug resistance. We previously indicated that miR-375 can inhibit Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric carcinogenesis; here, we aim to explore effects mechanisms on (GC) cell stemness.

Language: Английский

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Integrins as attractive targets for cancer therapeutics

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(9), P. 2726 - 2737

Published: April 14, 2021

Integrins are transmembrane receptors that have been implicated in the biology of various human physiological and pathological processes. These molecules facilitate cell–extracellular matrix cell–cell interactions, they fibrosis, inflammation, thrombosis, tumor metastasis. The role integrins progression makes them promising targets for cancer treatment, certain integrin antagonists, such as antibodies synthetic peptides, effectively utilized clinic therapy. Here, we discuss evidence knowledge on contribution to biology. Furthermore, summarize clinical attempts targeting this family anti-cancer therapy development.

Language: Английский

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MicroRNA-34a: Potent Tumor Suppressor, Cancer Stem Cell Inhibitor, and Potential Anticancer Therapeutic

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: March 8, 2021

Overwhelming evidence indicates that virtually all treatment-naive tumors contain a subpopulation of cancer cells possess some stem cell traits and properties are operationally defined as (CSCs). CSCs manifest inherent heterogeneity in they may exist an epithelial proliferative state or mesenchymal non-proliferative invasive state. Spontaneous tumor progression, therapeutic treatments, (epi)genetic mutations also induce plasticity non-CSCs reprogram them into stem-like cells. Intrinsic induced plasticity, constantly dynamically, generate pool CSC subpopulations with varying levels epigenomic stability stemness. Despite the dynamic transient nature CSCs, play fundamental roles mediating therapy resistance relapse. It is now clear stemness coordinately regulated by genetic factors epigenetic mechanisms. Here, this perspective, we first provide brief updated overview CSCs. We then focus on microRNA-34a (miR-34a), tumor-suppressive microRNA (miRNA) devoid many advanced tumors. Being member miR-34 family, miR-34a was identified p53 target 2007. bona fide suppressor, its expression dysregulated downregulated various human cancers. By targeting such NOTCH, MYC, BCL-2, CD44, epigenetically negatively regulates functional shall briefly discuss potential reasons behind failure first-in-class clinical trial MRX34, liposomal mimic. Finally, offer several settings where can potentially be deployed to therapeutically advanced, therapy-resistant, p53-mutant order overcome curb

Language: Английский

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Cancer stem cells: advances in knowledge and implications for cancer therapy

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: July 5, 2024

Abstract Cancer stem cells (CSCs), a small subset of in tumors that are characterized by self-renewal and continuous proliferation, lead to tumorigenesis, metastasis, maintain tumor heterogeneity. continues be significant global disease burden. In the past, surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy were main cancer treatments. The technology treatments develop advance, emergence targeted therapy, immunotherapy provides more options for patients certain extent. However, limitations efficacy treatment resistance still inevitable. Our review begins with brief introduction historical discoveries, original hypotheses, pathways regulate CSCs, such as WNT/β-Catenin, hedgehog, Notch, NF-κB, JAK/STAT, TGF-β, PI3K/AKT, PPAR pathway, their crosstalk. We focus on role CSCs various therapeutic outcomes resistance, including how affect content alteration related molecules, CSCs-mediated clinical value targeting refractory, progressed or advanced tumors. summary, efficacy, method is difficult determine. Clarifying regulatory mechanisms biomarkers currently mainstream idea.

Language: Английский

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TAM family kinases as therapeutic targets at the interface of cancer and immunity

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(11), P. 755 - 779

Published: Sept. 4, 2023

Language: Английский

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Treatment strategies for clear cell renal cell carcinoma: Past, present and future

Frontiers in Oncology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: March 21, 2023

Clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most prevalent histological subtype of kidney cancer, which prone to metastasis, recurrence, and resistance radiotherapy chemotherapy. The burden it places on human health due its refractory nature rising incidence rate substantial. Researchers have recently determined ccRCC risk factors optimized clinical therapy based disease’s underlying molecular mechanisms. In this paper, we review established therapies novel potential therapeutic approaches for ccRCC, support importance investigating options in context combining as a research hotspot, with goal providing diversified that promise address issue drug resistance, view early realization precision medicine individualized treatment.

Language: Английский

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Cell–cell communication: new insights and clinical implications

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Aug. 7, 2024

Multicellular organisms are composed of diverse cell types that must coordinate their behaviors through communication. Cell-cell communication (CCC) is essential for growth, development, differentiation, tissue and organ formation, maintenance, physiological regulation. Cells communicate direct contact or at a distance using ligand-receptor interactions. So cellular encompasses two processes: signal conduction generation intercellular transmission signals, transduction reception procession signals. Deciphering networks critical understanding metabolism. First, we comprehensively review the historical milestones in CCC studies, followed by detailed description mechanisms molecule importance main signaling pathways they mediate maintaining biological functions. Then systematically introduce series human diseases caused abnormalities progress clinical applications. Finally, summarize various methods monitoring interactions, including imaging, proximity-based chemical labeling, mechanical force analysis, downstream analysis strategies, single-cell technologies. These aim to illustrate how functions depend on these interactions complexity regulatory regulate crucial processes, homeostasis, immune responses diseases. In addition, this enhances our processes occur after cell-cell binding, highlighting its application discovering new therapeutic targets biomarkers related precision medicine. This collective provides foundation developing targeted drugs personalized treatments.

Language: Английский

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