Large-Scale Combinatorial Deorphanization of Platynereis Neuropeptide GPCRs

Cell Reports, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 12(4), P. 684 - 693

Published: July 1, 2015

Highlights d 19 GPCRs from Platynereis were deorphanized Ligands for previously uncharacterized GPCR families found

Language: Английский

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Allatostatin A Signalling in Drosophila Regulates Feeding and Sleep and Is Modulated by PDF

PLoS Genetics, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 12(9), P. e1006346 - e1006346

Published: Sept. 30, 2016

Feeding and sleep are fundamental behaviours with significant interconnections cross-modulations. The circadian system peptidergic signals important components of this modulation, but still little is known about the mechanisms networks by which they interact to regulate feeding sleep. We show that specific thermogenetic activation Allatostatin A (AstA)-expressing PLP neurons enteroendocrine cells reduces promotes in fruit fly Drosophila. effects AstA cell mediated peptides receptors homolog galanin subserving similar apparently conserved functions vertebrates. further identify as a downstream target neuropeptide pigment-dispersing factor (PDF), an output clock. contacted PDF-expressing clock neurons, express functional PDF receptor demonstrated cAMP imaging. Silencing signalling continuous input tethered changes sleep/activity ratio opposite directions does not affect rhythmicity. Taken together, our results suggest pleiotropic distinct neuronal subset adapts digestive energy-saving state can be modulated PDF.

Language: Английский

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The contribution of the genomes of a termite and a locust to our understanding of insect neuropeptides and neurohormones

Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 5

Published: Nov. 19, 2014

The genomes of the migratory locust Locusta migratoria and termite Zootermopsis nevadensis were mined for presence genes encoding neuropeptides, neurohormones, their G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Both species have retained a larger number neuropeptide GPCRs than better known holometabolous insect species, while other that in appear to single transcript produce two different precursors locust, or both. Thus, recently discovered CNMa gene has transcripts predicted structurally peptides termite, produces myosuppressin same fashion. these also calcitonin gene, which is from calcitonin-like diuretic hormone. This types calcitonins, calcitonins A B. It present Lepidoptera Coleoptera some Diptera, but absent mosquitoes Drosophila. However, only B produced. Their putative identified. In contrast, highly unusual codes salivation stimulatory peptide. neuroparsin vasopressin are particularly interesting. five transcripts, one neurohormone identified corpora cardiaca. four code neuroparsin-like proteins, lack amino acid residues, reason we called neoneuroparsins. neoneuroparsins about 200 times transcripts. first exon promoter genes, there seven copies genome, very well-conserved, remainder not. relevance findings discussed.

Language: Английский

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Evolution of the AKH/corazonin/ACP/GnRH receptor superfamily and their ligands in the Protostomia

General and Comparative Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 209, P. 35 - 49

Published: July 21, 2014

Language: Английский

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The Role of Peptide Hormones in Insect Lipid Metabolism

Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: May 7, 2020

Lipids are the primary storage molecules and an essential source of energy in insects during reproduction, prolonged periods flight, starvation, diapause. The coordination center for insect lipid metabolism is fat body, which analogous to vertebrate adipose tissue liver. body primarily composed adipocytes, accumulate triacylglycerols intracellular droplets. Genomics proteomics, together with functional analyses, such as RNA interference CRISPR/Cas9-targeted genome editing, identified various genes involved elucidated their functions. However, endocrine control metabolism, particular roles peptide hormones lipogenesis lipolysis relatively less-known topics. In current review, neuropeptides that directly or indirectly affect introduced. lipolytic lipogenic adipokinetic hormone brain insulin-like peptides (ILP2, ILP3, ILP5). Other neuropeptides, insulin-growth factor ILP6, neuropeptide F, allatostatin-A, corazonin, leucokinin, tachykinins limostatin, might stimulate lipolysis, while diapause hormone-pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide, short CCHamide-2, cytokines Unpaired 1 2 induce lipogenesis. Most these interact one another, but mostly insulin signaling, therefore indirectly. Peptide also diapause, infections immunity; highlighted. review concludes a discussion potential metabolism-related pest management.

Language: Английский

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Systemic corazonin signalling modulates stress responses and metabolism inDrosophila

Open Biology, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 6(11), P. 160152 - 160152

Published: Nov. 1, 2016

Stress triggers cellular and systemic reactions in organisms to restore homeostasis. For instance, metabolic stress, experienced during starvation, elicits a hormonal response that reallocates resources enable food search readjustment of physiology. Mammalian gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) its insect orthologue, adipokinetic (AKH), are known for their roles modulating stress-related behaviour. Here we show corazonin (Crz), peptide homologous AKH/GnRH, also alters stress physiology Drosophila . The Crz receptor (CrzR) is expressed salivary glands adipocytes the liver-like fat body, CrzR knockdown targeted simultaneously both these tissues increases fly's resistance desiccation oxidative reduces feeding, expression transcripts insulin-like peptides (DILPs), affects gene body. Furthermore, starved flies, CrzR-knockdown circulating stored carbohydrates. Thus, our findings indicate elevated signalling coordinates increased intake diminished energy stores regain Our study suggests an ancient stress-peptide Urbilateria evolved give rise present-day GnRH, AKH systems.

Language: Английский

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GnRH receptors and peptides: Skating backward

General and Comparative Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 209, P. 118 - 134

Published: Aug. 5, 2014

Language: Английский

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Synaptic and peptidergic connectome of a neurosecretory center in the annelid brain

eLife, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 6

Published: Dec. 4, 2017

Neurosecretory centers in animal brains use peptidergic signaling to influence physiology and behavior. Understanding neurosecretory center function requires mapping cell types, synapses, networks. Here we transmission electron microscopy gene expression analyze the synaptic connectome of an entire center. We reconstructed 78 neurons mapped their connectivity brain larval Platynereis dumerilii, a marine annelid. These form anterior expressing many neuropeptides, including hypothalamic peptide orthologs receptors. Analysis peptide-receptor pairs spatially single-cell transcriptome data revealed sparsely connected networks linking specific neuronal subsets. experimentally analyzed one pair found that neuropeptide can couple signaling. Our study uncovered extensive within its connection brain.

Language: Английский

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Tachykinins: Neuropeptides That Are Ancient, Diverse, Widespread and Functionally Pleiotropic

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Nov. 20, 2019

Tachykinins (TKs) are ancient neuropeptides present throughout the bilaterians and are, with some exceptions, characterized by a conserved FX1GX2Ramide carboxy terminus among protostomes FXGLMamide in deuterostomes. The best-known TK is vertebrate substance P, which mammals, together other TKs, has been implicated health disease important roles pain, inflammation, cancer, depressive disorder, immune system, gut function, hematopoiesis, sensory processing, hormone regulation. invertebrate TKs also known to have multiple functions central nervous system intestine these investigated more detail fly Drosophila arthropods. Here, we review protostome deuterostome organization evolution of precursors, peptides their receptors, as well functions, appear be partly across Bilateria. We outline distribution brains representative organisms. In Drosophila, recent studies revealed early olfactory neuromodulation circuits controlling locomotion food search, nociception, aggression, metabolic stress, release. signaling regulates lipid metabolism intestine. crustaceans, an neuromodulator rhythm-generating motor stomatogastric presynaptic modulator photoreceptor cells. Several additional functional can inferred from various brain circuits. addition, there few interesting cases where injected into prey animals vasodilators salivary glands or paralyzing agents venom glands. cases, produced predator sequences mimicking TKs. Lastly, TK-signaling appears duplicated Panarthropoda (comprising arthropods, onychophores, tardigrades) give rise novel type peptides, natalisins, distinct receptor. natalisins general, it that widely distributed act at short range neuromodulators cotransmitters.

Language: Английский

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MOLECULAR EVOLUTION OF GPCRS: Kisspeptin/kisspeptin receptors

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 52(3), P. T101 - T117

Published: Feb. 27, 2014

Following the discovery of kisspeptin (Kiss) and its receptor (GPR54 or KissR) in mammals, phylogenetic studies revealed up to three Kiss four KissR paralogous genes other vertebrates. The multiplicity types vertebrates probably originated from two rounds whole-genome duplication (1R 2R) that occurred early This review examines compelling recent advances on molecular diversity evolution vertebrate KissR. It also addresses, an evolutionary point view, issues structure–activity relationships interaction with their signaling pathways. Independent gene losses, during evolution, have shaped repertoire extant species. In particular, there is no conserved combination a given type type, across evolution. striking conservation biologically active ten-amino-acid C-terminal sequence all kisspeptins, allowed this flexibility Kiss/KissR pairs. mutations, responsible for hypogonadotropic hypogonadism humans, mostly at highly amino acid positions among further highlights key role these acids function. contrast, less regions, notably intracellular domain, may account differential pathways between Cross talk biomedical should contribute understanding biological functions.

Language: Английский

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