FEMS Microbiology Reviews,
Journal Year:
2016,
Volume and Issue:
40(3), P. 373 - 397
Published: Feb. 18, 2016
Biofilms
are
a
major
form
of
microbial
life
in
which
cells
dense
surface
associated
communities
that
can
persist
for
many
generations.
The
long-life
biofilm
means
they
be
strongly
shaped
by
evolutionary
processes.
Here,
we
review
the
experimental
study
evolution
communities.
We
first
provide
an
overview
different
models
used
to
and
their
advantages
disadvantages.
then
illustrate
vast
amount
diversification
observed
during
evolution,
discuss
(i)
potential
ecological
processes
behind
diversification,
(ii)
recent
insights
into
genetics
adaptive
(iii)
striking
degree
parallelism
between
experiments
real-life
biofilms
(iv)
consequences
diversification.
In
second
part,
provided
how
growth
structure
promote
cooperative
phenotypes.
Overall,
our
analysis
points
important
role
cooperation
bacterial
survival
productivity.
Deeper
understanding
both
is
key
importance
design
improved
antimicrobial
strategies
diagnostic
techniques.
Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society,
Journal Year:
2017,
Volume and Issue:
93(1), P. 28 - 54
Published: May 15, 2017
More
than
a
century
ago,
William
Morton
Wheeler
proposed
that
social
insect
colonies
can
be
regarded
as
superorganisms
when
they
have
morphologically
differentiated
reproductive
and
nursing
castes
are
analogous
to
the
metazoan
germ-line
soma.
Following
rise
of
sociobiology
in
1970s,
Wheeler's
insights
were
largely
neglected,
we
left
with
multiple
new
superorganism
concepts
mutually
inconsistent
uninformative
on
how
superorganismality
originated.
These
difficulties
traced
broadened
sociobiological
concept
eusociality,
which
denies
physical
queen-worker
caste
differentiation
is
universal
hallmark
superorganismal
colonies.
Unlike
early
evolutionary
naturalists
geneticists
such
Weismann,
Huxley,
Fisher
Haldane,
who
set
out
explain
acquisition
an
unmated
worker
caste,
goal
was
understand
evolution
broad-brush
convenience
category
covers
most
forms
cooperative
breeding.
By
lumping
diverse
spectrum
systems
into
single
category,
drawing
attention
away
from
distinct
quantifiable
traits,
tradition
has
impeded
straightforward
connections
between
inclusive
fitness
theory
major
transitions
paradigm
for
understanding
irreversible
shifts
higher
organizational
complexity.
We
evaluate
history
by
these
inconsistencies
accumulated,
develop
common-cause
approach
origins
all
eukaryote
hierarchical
complexity,
use
Hamilton's
rule
argue
directly
comparable.
show
only
original
definition
unambiguously
linked
context-dependent
altruism
unconditional
permanently
ants,
corbiculate
bees,
vespine
wasps
termites.
strictly
monogamous
parents
necessary,
albeit
not
sufficient
condition
superorganismality,
single-zygote
bottlenecking
being
necessary
but
convergent
complex
soma
across
multicellular
eukaryotes.
infer
conflict
reduction
origin
any
transitions,
conclude
controversies
over
status
primarily
emanate
arbitrarily
defined
itself.
Current Opinion in Microbiology,
Journal Year:
2015,
Volume and Issue:
27, P. 37 - 44
Published: July 24, 2015
Metabolic
exchanges
are
ubiquitous
in
microbial
communities.
However,
detecting
metabolite
cross-feedings
is
difficult
due
to
their
intrinsically
dynamic
nature
and
the
complexity
of
Thus,
while
exhaustive
description
metabolic
networks
operating
natural
systems
a
task
for
future,
battle
today
divided
between
detailed
characterizations
small,
reduced
consortia,
focusing
on
particular
aspects
ecosystems.
Detecting
interactions
requires
methodological
blend
able
capture
species
identity,
dependencies
exchanged
metabolites.
Multiple
combinations
diverse
techniques,
from
metagenomics
imaging
mass
spectrometry,
offer
solutions
this
challenge,
each
combination
being
tailored
community
at
hand.
Journal of Molecular Biology,
Journal Year:
2015,
Volume and Issue:
428(5), P. 837 - 861
Published: Nov. 11, 2015
As
the
indispensable
role
of
natural
microbial
communities
in
many
aspects
life
on
Earth
is
uncovered,
bottom-up
engineering
synthetic
consortia
with
novel
functions
becoming
an
attractive
alternative
to
single-species
systems.
Here,
we
summarize
recent
work
a
particular
emphasis
open
challenges
and
opportunities
environmental
sustainability
human
health.
We
next
provide
critical
overview
mathematical
approaches,
ranging
from
phenomenological
mechanistic,
decipher
principles
that
govern
function,
dynamics
evolution
ecosystems.
Finally,
present
our
outlook
key
ecosystems
ecology
require
further
developments,
including
need
for
more
efficient
computational
algorithms,
better
integration
empirical
methods
model-driven
analysis,
importance
improving
gene
function
annotation,
value
standardized
library
well-characterized
organisms
be
used
as
building
blocks
communities.
Critical Reviews in Biotechnology,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
41(3), P. 317 - 338
Published: March 17, 2021
The
application
of
microbial
strains
as
axenic
cultures
has
frequently
been
employed
in
a
diverse
range
sectors.
In
the
natural
environment,
microbes
exist
multispecies
and
perform
better
than
monocultures.
Cell
signaling
communication
pathways
play
key
role
engineering
consortia,
because
consortium,
microorganisms
communicate
via
diffusible
signal
molecules.
Mixed
have
gained
little
attention
due
to
lack
proper
knowledge
about
their
interactions
with
each
other.
Some
ideas
proposed
deal
study
various
when
they
live
together
community,
for
biotechnological
purposes.
environments,
can
possess
unique
metabolic
features.
Therefore,
consortia
divide
burden
among
group
robustly
pesticide
degradation.
Synthetic
desired
functions
at
naturally
contaminated
sites.
this
article,
special
is
paid
function
environment.
This
review
comprehensively
discusses
recent
applications
degradation
environmental
bioremediation.
Moreover,
future
directions
synthetic
explored.
also
explores
perspectives
new
platforms
these
approaches,
besides
highlighting
practical
understanding
scientific
information
behind
consortia.
