Microbial Cell Factories,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
22(1)
Published: June 27, 2023
17β-estradiol
(E2)
residues
exhibit
harmful
effects
both
for
human
and
animals
have
got
global
attention
of
the
scientific
community.
Microbial
enzymes
are
considered
as
one
effective
strategies
having
great
potential
removal
E2
from
environment.
However,
limited
literature
is
available
on
wastewater
using
short-chain
dehydrogenase.In
this
study,
degrading
enzyme
(17β-HSD-0095)
was
expressed
purified
Microbacterium
sp.
MZT7.
The
optimal
pH
temperature
reaction
7
40
°C,
respectively.
Molecular
docking
studies
shown
that
ARG215
residue
form
a
hydrogen
bond
with
oxygen
atom
substrate
E2.
Likewise,
point
mutation
results
revealed
play
an
important
role
in
degradation
by
17β-HSD-0095.
In
addition,
17β-HSD-0095
could
remediate
contamination
synthetic
livestock
wastewater.These
findings
offer
some
fresh
perspectives
molecular
process
creation
preparations
can
degrade
Science,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
369(6499)
Published: July 2, 2020
Nutritional
interdependencies
Bacteria
and
archaea
show
a
wide
range
of
nutritional
specialism.
Not
every
organism
can
synthesize
essential
components
may
need
to
trade
for
them.
Taking
as
an
example
diverse
interesting
family
enzyme
cofactors—the
cobalt-containing
cobamides,
which
include
vitamin
B
12
—Sokolovskaya
et
al.
reviewed
the
among
microorganisms
this
suite
nutrients.
Cobamides
are
required
many
processes,
from
catabolism
carbon
sources
nucleotide
biosynthesis,
needed
by
majority
microbes,
those
in
gut
oceans.
Availability
cobamides
is
patchy
habitat
specific,
nonspecific
scavenging
not
be
adequate
obtain
specific
cobamide
structure
organism.
Therefore,
variety
mutualisms
have
evolved
deliver
import
structural
variants
between
organisms
or
consortia
eukaryotes
prokaryotes
equal
subtle
distinct
mechanisms.
Science
,
issue
p.
48
Microbial Biotechnology,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
13(4), P. 926 - 949
Published: Oct. 30, 2019
Summary
Steroid
hormones
modulate
development,
reproduction
and
communication
in
eukaryotes.
The
widespread
occurrence
persistence
of
steroid
have
attracted
public
attention
due
to
their
endocrine‐disrupting
effects
on
both
wildlife
human
beings.
Bacteria
are
responsible
for
mineralizing
steroids
from
the
biosphere.
Aerobic
degradation
relies
O
2
as
a
co‐substrate
oxygenases
activate
cleave
recalcitrant
steroidal
core
ring.
To
date,
two
oxygen‐dependent
pathways
–
9,10‐
seco
pathway
androgens
4,5‐
oestrogens
been
characterized.
Under
anaerobic
conditions,
denitrifying
bacteria
adopt
2,3‐
degrade
different
structures.
Recent
meta‐omics
revealed
that
microorganisms
able
highly
diverse
ubiquitous
ecosystems.
This
review
also
summarizes
culture‐independent
approaches
using
characteristic
metabolites
catabolic
genes
monitor
biodegradation
various
Gut Microbes,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
16(1)
Published: Dec. 28, 2023
Women
are
at
significantly
greater
risk
of
metabolic
dysfunction
after
menopause,
which
subsequently
leads
to
numerous
chronic
illnesses.
The
gut
microbiome
is
associated
with
obesity
and
dysfunction,
but
its
interaction
female
sex
hormone
status
the
resulting
impact
on
host
metabolism
remains
unclear.
Herein,
we
characterized
inflammatory
phenotypes
as
well
ovariectomy
high-fat
diet
feeding,
compared
gonadal
intact
low-fat
controls.
We
then
performed
fecal
microbiota
transplantation
(FMT)
using
gnotobiotic
mice
identify
ovariectomy-associated
outcomes.
demonstrated
that
led
gastrointestinal
permeability
inflammation
organs,
a
exacerbated
these
phenotypes.
Ovariectomy
also
alteration
microbiome,
including
β-glucuronidase
activity.
However,
differential
changes
in
only
occurred
when
fed
diet,
not
diet.
Gnotobiotic
received
from
ovariectomized
had
weight
gain
hepatic
gene
expression
related
than
those
sham
control-associated
microbiome.
These
results
indicate
responds
alterations
contributes
dysfunction.
Identifying
developing
microbiome-targeted
modulators
regulate
hormones
may
be
useful
therapeutically
remediating
menopause-related
diseases.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
122(10)
Published: March 7, 2025
Androgen
and
estrogen,
key
sex
hormones,
were
long
thought
to
be
exclusively
produced
by
vertebrates.
The
O2-dependent
aromatase
that
converts
androgen
estrogen
(estrogenesis)
has
never
been
identified
in
any
prokaryotes.
Here,
we
report
the
finding
of
anaerobic
estrogenesis
a
Peptococcaceae
bacterium
(Phosphitispora
sp.
strain
TUW77)
isolated
from
gut
great
blue-spotted
mudskipper
(Boleophthalmus
pectinirostris).
This
exhibits
testosterone
fermentation
pathways,
transforming
into
estrogens
androstanediol
under
conditions.
Physiological
experiments
revealed
TUW77
grows
on
testosterone,
utilizing
androgenic
C-19
methyl
group
as
both
carbon
source
electron
donor.
genomic
analysis
three
copies
polycistronic
gene
cluster,
abeABC
(anaerobic
bacterial
estrogenesis),
encoding
components
classic
cobalamin-dependent
methyltransferase
system.
These
genes,
highly
expressed
testosterone-fed
conditions,
show
up
57%
protein
identity
characterized
EmtAB
denitrifying
Denitratisoma
spp.,
known
for
methylating
(the
reverse
reaction).
Tiered
transcriptomic
proteomic
analyses
suggest
removed
is
completely
oxidized
CO2
via
oxidative
Wood-Ljungdahl
pathway
(WLP),
while
reducing
equivalents
(NADH)
fully
reduce
remaining
androstanediol.
Consistently,
addition
anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate,
an
extracellular
acceptor,
cultures
enabled
complete
conversion
without
accumulation
oxidation).
aromatase-independent
bacteria
suggests
ancient
WLP
may
have
contributed
emergence
early
biosphere.
Applied and Environmental Microbiology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
89(3)
Published: Feb. 27, 2023
Steroidal
estrogens
(SEs)
are
mainly
produced
by
animals,
while
bacteria
major
consumers
of
SEs
in
the
biosphere.
However,
understanding
gene
clusters
that
participate
E1
degradation
is
still
limited,
and
enzymes
involved
biodegradation
have
not
been
well
characterized.
Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
22(18), P. 3559 - 3583
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
This
review
highlights
the
recent
advancements
in
enzymatic
modifications
of
steroid
scaffolds,
emphasizing
hydroxylation,
ketoreduction,
dehydrogenation,
cascade
reactions,
and
other
modifications.
Frontiers in Microbiology,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
11
Published: Dec. 7, 2020
We
have
analyzed
the
catabolism
of
estrogens
in
Novosphingobium
tardaugens
NBRC
16725,
which
is
able
to
use
endocrine
disruptors
such
as
17β-estradiol,
estrone,
and
estriol
sole
carbon
energy
sources.
A
transcriptomic
analysis
enabled
identification
a
cluster
catabolic
genes
(
edc
cluster)
organized
two
divergent
operons
that
are
involved
estrogen
degradation.
developed
genetic
tools
for
this
estrogen-degrading
bacterium,
allowing
us
delete
by
site-directed
mutagenesis
some
complement
them
using
expression
plasmids
better
characterize
their
precise
role
catabolism.
Based
on
these
results,
pathway
proposed.
The
first
enzyme
(17β-hydroxysteroid
dehydrogenase)
used
transform
17β-estradiol
into
estrone
encoded
out
cluster.
CYP450
edcA
gene
performs
second
metabolic
step,
i.e.,
4-hydroxylation
strain.
edcB
encodes
4-hydroxyestrone-4,5-dioxygenase
opens
ring
after
4-hydroxylation.
initial
steps
cholate
proceed
through
different
pathways.
However,
degradation
converges
with
testosterone
final
lower
degrade
common
intermediate
3aα-H-4α(3′-propanoate)7a-β-methylhexahydro-1,5-indanedione
(HIP).
TonB-dependent
receptor
protein
EdcT
appears
be
uptake,
being
time
kind
proteins
has
been
steroid
transport.
Environmental Technology & Innovation,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
26, P. 102278 - 102278
Published: Jan. 7, 2022
Sulfonamides
(SAs)
has
been
frequently
found
in
environment
with
numerous
adverse
effects
on
ecological
system
and
human.
In
this
study,
we
investigated
the
toxicity
of
sulfacetamide
(SFM)
a
benthic
microalgal
species,
as
well
its
metabolic
mechanisms.
Results
flow
cytometry
demonstrated
significant
inhibition
growth
cell
viability
Desmodesmus
quadricauda
under
0.1–3
mg
L−1
SFM.
Half-maximum
effective
concentrations
(EC50)
SFM
were
calculated
to
be
1.224,
1.324,
0.845,
1.178
1.754
at
day
2,
4,
6,
8
10.
Biochemical
characteristics
including
total
chlorophyll,
carotenoid,
malonaldehyde,
activities
antioxidant
enzymes
(superoxide
dismutase
peroxidase)
significantly
influenced
by
Principal
component
analysis
showed
close
correlation
among
cellular
contents.
Moreover,
identified
intermediates
that
D.
can
biodegrade
through
hydroxylation,
decarboxylation,
bond
cleavage
deamination.
Acute
chronic
test
byproducts
indicated
formed
less
than
their
parent
compound.
This
study
extended
understanding
tolerance
mechanisms
toward
SA
antibiotic.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
23(13), P. 7154 - 7154
Published: June 28, 2022
The
available
evidence
indicates
a
close
connection
between
gut
microbiota
(GM)
disturbance
and
increased
risk
of
cardiometabolic
(CM)
disorders
cardiovascular
(CV)
disease.
One
major
objective
this
narrative
review
is
to
discuss
the
key
contribution
dietary
regimen
in
determining
GM
biodiversity
implications
dysbiosis
for
overall
health
CV
system.
In
particular,
emerging
molecular
pathways
are
presented,
linking
microbiota-derived
signals
local
activation
immune
system
as
driver
systemic
proinflammatory
state
permissive
condition
onset
progression
CM
We
further
outline
how
cross-talk
sex
hormones
impacts
disease
susceptibility,
thereby
offering
mechanistic
insight
into
sexual
dimorphism
observed
CVD.
A
better
understanding
these
relationships
could
help
unravel
novel
targets
pave
way
development
innovative,
low-risk
therapeutic
strategies
based
on
diet
interventions,
manipulation,
hormone
analogues.
