Deciphering molecular interactions by proximity labeling

Nature Methods, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 18(2), P. 133 - 143

Published: Jan. 11, 2021

Language: Английский

---

The Wnt Pathway: From Signaling Mechanisms to Synthetic Modulators

Annual Review of Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 91(1), P. 571 - 598

Published: March 19, 2022

The Wnt pathway is central to a host of developmental and disease-related processes. remarkable conservation this intercellular signaling cascade throughout metazoan lineages indicates that it coevolved with multicellularity regulate the generation spatial arrangement distinct cell types. By regulating fate specification, mitotic activity, polarity, orchestrates development tissue homeostasis, its dysregulation implicated in defects, cancer, degenerative disorders. We review advances our understanding key pathway, from protein production secretion relay signal cytoplasm receiving cell. discuss evolutionary history as well endogenous synthetic modulators activity. Finally, we highlight remaining gaps knowledge transduction avenues for future research.

Language: Английский

---

Proximity labeling in mammalian cells with TurboID and split-TurboID

Nature Protocols, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 15(12), P. 3971 - 3999

Published: Nov. 2, 2020

Language: Английский

---

Chemico-genetic discovery of astrocytic control of inhibition in vivo

Nature, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 588(7837), P. 296 - 302

Published: Nov. 11, 2020

Language: Английский

---

A High-Density Human Mitochondrial Proximity Interaction Network

Cell Metabolism, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 32(3), P. 479 - 497.e9

Published: Sept. 1, 2020

Language: Английский

---

Mass spectrometry‐based protein–protein interaction networks for the study of human diseases

Molecular Systems Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

Review12 January 2021Open Access Mass spectrometry-based protein–protein interaction networks for the study of human diseases Alicia L Richards orcid.org/0000-0002-4869-2945 Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University California San Francisco, CA, USA J. David Gladstone Institutes, Department Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Search more papers by this author Manon Eckhardt orcid.org/0000-0001-8143-6129 Nevan J Krogan Corresponding Author [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0003-4902-337X Information Richards1,2,3, Eckhardt1,2,3 *,1,2,3 1Quantitative 2J. 3Department *Corresponding author. Tel: +1 415 476 2980; E-mail: Systems Biology (2021)17:e8792https://doi.org/10.15252/msb.20188792 PDFDownload PDF article text main figures. ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InMendeleyWechatReddit Figures & Info Abstract A better understanding molecular mechanisms underlying disease is key expediting development novel therapeutic interventions. Disease are often mediated interactions between proteins. Insights into physical rewiring in response mutations, pathological conditions, or pathogen infection can advance our etiology, progression, pathogenesis lead identification potential druggable targets. Advances quantitative mass spectrometry (MS)-based approaches have allowed unbiased mapping these disease-mediated changes on a global scale. Here, we review MS techniques that been instrumental at system-level, discuss challenges associated with methodologies as well advancements aim address challenges. An overview examples from diverse contexts illustrates MS-based revealing mechanisms, pinpointing new targets, eventually moving toward personalized applications. Introduction Identifying principal basis crucial successful prevention, diagnosis, treatment. In past two decades, scientists placed lot hope large genomic studies deciphering mechanisms. Nevertheless, despite wealth information gathered, mechanism most remains unknown. This be explained least part fact many complex do not follow classical genotype phenotype model. They may result multiple genetic changes, epigenetic modifications, pathogen. The fallacy expecting simple explain phenotypes has demonstrated especially case cancer, where distinct collection mutations exclusive given cancer type (Junttila de Sauvage, 2013; Leiserson et al, 2015). Additionally, single gene different diseases, corresponding proteins having several functions cellular (Nadeau, 2001). Consequently, extracting useful diagnostic prognostic genetics alone difficult. Considering context disrupted processes help overcome challenge. biology approaches, which provide comprehensive picture biological process quantifying all observable components their relationships, well-suited understand influence network interconnected pathways. Proteins networks. Often, individual perform any isolation but accomplish task through direct other As such, studying (PPI) become powerful tool identifying functional consequences variation. approach, disease-related mapped vital PPIs processes. Comparison states wild-type reference map—either introduction carrying exogenous expression proteins—promises reveal how change during (Krogan 2015; Willsey 2018). directly responsible adaptation changes. Because connectivity proteins, impact mutation restricted specific product. Instead, it affects entire accordingly activity whole subset Instead focusing genes loci implicated disease, PPI-based analyses parts pathway connections changed state, thus offering an alternative identify mutation's function. Interacting visualized using network-based nodes representing "bait" interest PPI study. Nodes connected edges interacting identified Affinity Purification Spectrometry (AP-MS), proximity labeling, Cross-Linking (XL-MS), types experiments. performed both diseased state non-diseased WT states, variations regulation monitored. perturbations networks, including complete loss interactions, partial gain (Fig 1). suggests small network, such particular gene, cause significant across system. Changes partners protein, either progression following infection, might contribute potentially linking phenotype. Applying approach clinical advantages. finding protein biochemical its also play role same processes, providing mechanistic explanations implications beyond protein. Figure 1. systems-level converting pathway-level dataGenetic variants, occur rarely individuals used Comparisons introduced aid determining significance mutations. Similarly, pathogenic determine host pathways hijacked over course infection. Download figure PowerPoint current research disease. Throughout, will highlight field, advances some them. For detailed examination tools relying detection, refer reader reviews (e.g., Snider Beltran 2017). methods Liquid chromatography-MS (LC-MS) sensitive, accurate, selective method quantify (Richards Aebersold Mann, 2016). One major benefits nature proteomics. contrast PPIs, yeast-2-hybrid (Y2H), maps physical, binary predetermined set (Walhout Vidal, general workflow utilizing discovery develop outlined Box 1 illustrated Fig 2. Below, summarize variety that, when combined MS, allow proteome-level analysis systems. Overview techniques(A) Workflow bottom-up Preparing proteomic samples LC-MS/MS requires extraction, proteolysis, and, optionally, peptide-level fractionation. Online LC separation peptide mixtures introduces analytes spectrometer precursor fragment ion analysis. Tandem spectra matched theoretical generated silico garner sequences inference. (B) Label-free quantitation. Following digestion, each sample, equal amount peptides separately loaded column. Relative quantitation comparing extracted peak intensity runs dataset. (C) SILAC. During cell culture, "light" "heavy" versions amino acids metabolically incorporated samples. sample preparation, lysates mixed total ratios digested peptides. Intensities chromatograms MS1 scan relative abundances (D) Isobaric labeling. Each peptides, labeled unique isobaric label, ratios. MS/MS analysis, tag yields (E) Targeted MS. SRM, individually monitored quantified. first isolated, characteristic fragments Only masses selected user starts digesting mixture defined cleavage sites trypsin), separated liquid chromatography mass-to-charge (m/z) measured spectrometer. standard tandem experiments, sequence determined collecting second spectrum after induced fragmentation. Taken together, m/z data full then computationally search databases organism original 2A). To candidate interactors studies, "scored" accuracy interaction. oftentimes done combining parameters reproducibility, specificity, abundance detected scoring algorithms exists purpose, MiST, CompPASS, SAINT (Sowa 2009; Choi 2011; Teo 2014, 2016; Morris 2014; Verschueren methodology algorithm differs—for example, incorporates quality controls prey probability bait true positive, while CompPASS utilizes ultimately focus abundance, uniqueness, reproducibility distinguish contaminant background (Christianson 2011). output programs table filtered, scored imported visualization Cytoscape (Shannon 2003). addition computational assessing specificity appropriate controls, conditions 2B–E). allows unlimited number 2B). However, there limitations one them being comparison purposes, identical amounts should injected column When possible, normalization required. reduce bias, compared analyzed acquisition batch Randomization run order avoid systematic errors. Metabolic labeling Stable Isotope Labeling Amino Acids Cell Culture (SILAC) (TMT) labels multiplex increasing experimental throughput. SILAC stable heavy level 2C; Ong 2002; Szklarczyk 2019), tagging utilize NHS-activated molecules label free amines chemical tags vitro digestion 2D). All rely inclusion additional control added, so origin respective interactor traced (Ong Thompson 2003; 2014). Together, timepoints discriminate non-specific (Wiese 2007; Virreira Winter targeted strategies, parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) multiple/selective (MRM/SRM), validate greater consistency, sensitivity, (Lange 2008; Gallien 2012; Peterson 2012). Briefly, target assay development. These signature ions precise final experiment 2E). Among numerous contaminants copurified together interest. Therefore, necessary analyze way separates artifacts. done, part, careful design suitable controls. Importantly, unrelated tag, alone, need included (Jäger 2011b). GFP It unlikely form presumably false positives due epitope affinity capture (Morris contaminations. accessed via CRAPome database (Mellacheruvu 2013), public repository negative data, filtered out Contamination carryover overexpressed residual subsequent experiments actually present interactor. Strict wash steps required alleviate problem. purification (AP-MS) AP-MS 3A) tagging, short (for FLAG-, TAP-, Strep-Tag, c-myc (Chang, 2006)) fused interest—either construct under gene's endogenous promoter editing technologies like CRISPR-Cas9. resulting probe interacting, "prey" eliminating antibodies interest, would lower throughput immunoprecipitation (IP) easily purified matrix recognizing epitope. After washing eliminate interactors, 3. networks(A) General AP-MS. Bait endogenously tagged expressed cells, followed lysis LC-MS/MS. processing (BOX), Identification proximal promiscuous ligase cells. biotin, within fusion protein's radius subsequently lysed captured matrix. Direct cross-linked XL-MS. cross-linking reagent, cells digested, enriched cross-linker. LC-MS/MS, interpretation build high-throughput enabled 1,000s complexes large-scale models healthy states. largest assembly BioPlex database, has, date, compiled 56,533 10,961 HEK293T (Huttlin 2015, Publicly available sets these, hu.MAP 2.0 (Drew 2017; preprint: Drew 2020), represent important resources biomedical efforts spurred multitude discoveries further below. limitation milder than those typically employed Membrane hard problems extraction (Sastry Pankow Weaker transient prone steps. (TAP) affixes separate (Rigaut 1999), endure harsher His-tag) increase recovery rate lost regular (Puig comes disadvantage laborious preparation purification, artifacts Irrespective employed, remain issues, requiring selection Another lysis-induced mixing compartments normally interact, positive identifications. Possible solutions deconvolute effects compartment currently explored discussed section New Methodology. possible introducing N- C-terminus disrupt normal function, making advantageous test termini. note does readily differentiate indirect interactors. On hand, offers advantages earlier strategies (e.g. Y2H), high sensitivity quantification time (non-binary). detecting post-translational modifications (PTMs) (Matsuura 2008). generation, label-free value comparative whether Proximity represents complementary strategy traditional (Han case, expressing enzyme 3B). molecule substrate, covalent 10–20 nm range, capturing surrounding environment, lysis, denatured solubilized, enrichment biotinylated commonly streptavidin binding, strong binding biotin streptavidin, permits efficient AP-MS, allowing weak methodologies. procedure includes use detergents intact purification. Various established. BioID BirA, rendering promiscuous. BirA catalyzes transformation reactive form, resultant cloud reacts primary vicinity, biotinylation (Roux Subcellular include nuclear envelope (Kim 2016b), centrosome (Antonicka nucleus (preprint: Go cytoplasm (Redwine 2017), Golgi apparatus (Liu 2018), ER (Hoffman endosome, lysosome, mitochondrial cell–cell junctions (Fredriksson 2015), flagella (Kelly efficiency limited 2018; 2019). Due slow kinetics, 18–24 h produce sufficient material off-target background, somewhat restricts amenable BioID. timescale, generation static maps. BioID, BioID2, was developed Aquifex aeolicus. significantly smaller decreases disruption improved targeting localization subcellular 2016a). still 16 improve speed, Branon al (2018) directed evolution resulted faster-acting enzymatic variations: TurboID 15 miniTurbo 13 deletion N-terminal domain. enzymes comparable ten minutes. class arose peroxidases, catalyzing redox reactions. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) best-studied suffers poor reducing environments (Trinkle-Mulcahy, Engineered ascorbic acid (APEX) drawback, genetically (Rhee Hung timed H2O2, APEX oxidizes phenol derivatives biotin-phenoxyl radicals covalently react electron rich acids, kinetics minutes (Martell rapid capabilities offer speed make investigate dynamically changing interactions. environments, retains cytosol peroxide criticized harmful effect prevents living organisms. Newer iterations seek toxicity issues times. recently introduced, contact-specific SplitID divides separate, inactive (Cho 2020). recombine close proximity, suited organelle contact sites, organelle, subsequently, C-terminal split separated, joined promote Experimental carefully considered before undertaking experiment. With techniques, neighboring throughout colocalize period, simply diffusion region, difficult really reside immediate environment (Lobingier without attached expected presence arise natural 2018) attach enrichment. Similar insertion C- terminus alter Prior generating enzyme-expressing line, C-termini tested ensure no (Sears possibility non-labeled fall outside therefore detected. N-terminus advantageous. Cross-linking (XL-MS) Although complex, members contact. XL-MS fill gap 3C). provides structural proximat

Language: Английский

---

Strategies for monitoring cell–cell interactions

Nature Chemical Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 17(6), P. 641 - 652

Published: May 25, 2021

Language: Английский

---

Mitochondrial outer membrane protein FUNDC2 promotes ferroptosis and contributes to doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 119(36)

Published: Aug. 29, 2022

Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent programmed necrosis characterized by glutathione (GSH) depletion and lipid peroxidation (LPO). Armed with both the pro- antiferroptosis machineries, mitochondria play a central role in ferroptosis. However, how sense stress to activate ferroptosis under (patho-)physiological settings remains incompletely understood. Here, we show that FUN14 domain–containing 2, also known as HCBP6 (FUNDC2), highly conserved ubiquitously expressed mitochondrial outer membrane protein, regulates contributes doxorubicin (DOX)–induced cardiomyopathy. We showed knockout of FUNDC2 protected mice from DOX-induced cardiac injury preventing Mechanistic studies reveal interacts SLC25A11, transporter, regulate mitoGSH levels. Specifically, knockdown SLC25A11 FUNDC2-knockout (KO) cells reduced augmented erasin-induced affected stability peroxidase 4 (GPX4), key regulators for Our results demonstrate modulates ferroptotic via regulating further support therapeutic strategy cardioprotection

Language: Английский

---

Organelle transporters and inter-organelle communication as drivers of metabolic regulation and cellular homeostasis

Molecular Metabolism, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 60, P. 101481 - 101481

Published: March 25, 2022

Spatial compartmentalization of metabolic pathways within membrane-separated organelles is key to the ability eukaryotic cells precisely regulate their biochemical functions. Membrane-bound such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and lysosomes enable concentration precursors optimized chemical environments, greatly accelerating efficiency both anabolic catabolic reactions, enabling division labor optimal utilization resources. However, also poses a challenge because it creates spatial discontinuities that must be bridged for reaction cascades connected completed. To do so, employ different methods coordinate fluxes occurring in organelles, membrane-localized transporters facilitate regulated metabolite exchange between mitochondria lysosomes, non-vesicular transport via physical contact sites connecting ER with well localized regulatory signaling processes coordinately activity all these organelles.

Language: Английский

---

A New Phase of Networking: The Molecular Composition and Regulatory Dynamics of Mammalian Stress Granules

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 123(14), P. 9036 - 9064

Published: Jan. 20, 2023

Stress granules (SGs) are cytosolic biomolecular condensates that form in response to cellular stress. Weak, multivalent interactions between their protein and RNA constituents drive rapid, dynamic assembly through phase separation coupled percolation. Though a consensus model of SG function has yet be determined, perceived implication cytoprotective processes (e.g., antiviral responses inhibition apoptosis) possible role the pathogenesis various neurodegenerative diseases amyotrophic lateral sclerosis frontotemporal dementia) have drawn great interest. Consequently, new studies using numerous cell biological, genetic, proteomic methods been performed unravel mechanisms underlying formation, organization, and, with them, more clearly defined proteome. Here, we provide proteome literature curation an update user-friendly database RNAgranuleDB version 2.0 (http://rnagranuledb.lunenfeld.ca/). With this updated proteome, use next-generation prediction tools assess predisposition proteins for aggregation. Next, analyze primary sequence features intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) within SG-resident proteins. Finally, review protein- RNA-level determinants, including post-translational modifications (PTMs), regulate composition assembly/disassembly dynamics.

Language: Английский

---