Nutrition, Immunosenescence, and Infectious Disease: An Overview of the Scientific Evidence on Micronutrients and on Modulation of the Gut Microbiota DOI Creative Commons
Philip C. Calder, Edwin F. Ortega,

Simin Nikbin Meydani

et al.

Advances in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(5), P. S1 - S26

Published: May 6, 2022

The immune system is key to host defense against pathogenic organisms. Aging associated with changes in the system, a decline protective components (immunosenescence), increasing susceptibility infectious disease, and chronic elevation low-grade inflammation (inflammaging), risk of multiple noncommunicable diseases. Nutrition determinant cell function gut microbiota. In turn, microbiota shapes controls inflammatory responses. Many older people show Age-related competence, inflammation, dysbiosis may be interlinked relate, at least part, age-related nutrition. A number micronutrients (vitamins C, D, E zinc selenium) play roles supporting many types. Some trials report that providing these as individual supplements can reverse deficits and/or those insufficient intakes. There inconsistent evidence this will reduce or severity infections including respiratory infections. Probiotic, prebiotic, synbiotic strategies modulate microbiota, especially by promoting colonization lactobacilli bifidobacteria, have been demonstrated some biomarkers and, cases, gastrointestinal infections, although, again, inconsistent. Further research well-designed well-powered at-risk populations required more certain about role modify microbiota-host relationship protecting infection, infection.

Language: Английский

Mechanism of the Gut Microbiota Colonization Resistance and Enteric Pathogen Infection DOI Creative Commons
Israr Khan, Yanrui Bai,

Lajia Zha

et al.

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Dec. 23, 2021

The mammalian gut microbial community, known as the microbiota, comprises trillions of bacteria, which co-evolved with host and has an important role in a variety functions that include nutrient acquisition, metabolism, immunity development, more importantly, it plays critical protection from enteric infections associated exogenous pathogens or indigenous pathobiont outgrowth may result healthy community disruption. Microbiota evolves complex mechanisms to restrain pathogen growth, included competition, competitive metabolic interactions, niche exclusion, induction immune response, are collectively termed colonization resistance. On other hand, have also developed counterstrategies expand their population enhance virulence cope microbiota resistance cause infection. This review summarizes available literature on relationship occurring between intestinal pathogens, describing how can mediate against bacterial enteropathogens overcome this well understanding interaction inform future therapies infectious diseases.

Language: Английский

Citations

174
New Insights Into Gut-Bacteria-Derived Indole and Its Derivatives in Intestinal and Liver Diseases DOI

Xiaojing Li,

Binbin Zhang, Yiyang Hu

et al.

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Dec. 13, 2021

The interaction between host and microorganism widely affects the immune metabolic status. Indole its derivatives are metabolites produced by metabolism of tryptophan catalyzed intestinal microorganisms. By activating nuclear receptors, regulating hormones, affecting biological effects bacteria as signaling molecules, indole maintain homeostasis impact liver response, which shows good therapeutic prospects. We reviewed recent studies on derivatives, including related metabolism, influence diets commensal bacteria, targets mechanisms in pathological conditions, especially progress strategies. New research insights into indoles will facilitate a better understanding their druggability application diseases.

Language: Английский

Citations

141
Dual Role of Indoles Derived From Intestinal Microbiota on Human Health DOI Creative Commons
Xuewei Ye, Haiyi Li, Komal Anjum

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: June 17, 2022

Endogenous indole and its derivatives (indoles), considered as promising N-substituted heterocyclic compounds, are tryptophan metabolites derived from intestinal microbiota exhibit a range of biological activities. Recent studies indicate that indoles contribute to maintaining the barrier human intestine, which exert anti-inflammatory activities mainly through activating AhR PXR receptors affect immune system’s function, significantly improving health (inflammatory bowel disease, hemorrhagic colitis, colorectal cancer) further promote (diabetes mellitus, central system inflammation, vascular regulation). However, revealed toxic influences cannot be ignored. Indoxyl sulfate, an derivative, performs nephrotoxicity cardiovascular toxicity. We addressed interaction between indoles’ effects on double-edged swords. This review provides scientific bases for correlation with diseases moreover highlights several directions subsequent indoles-related studies.

Language: Английский

Citations

125
Macrophage immunometabolism in inflammatory bowel diseases: From pathogenesis to therapy DOI

Xiaohua Pan,

Qing Zhu, Li‐Long Pan

et al.

Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 238, P. 108176 - 108176

Published: March 26, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

117
Intestinal mycobiota in health and diseases: from a disrupted equilibrium to clinical opportunities DOI Creative Commons
Xiaoyan Wu, Yaoyao Xia, Fang He

et al.

Microbiome, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: March 14, 2021

Abstract Bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and fungi establish a complex ecosystem in the gut. Like other microbiota, gut mycobiota plays an indispensable role modulating intestinal physiology. Notably, most striking characteristics of are their extraintestinal functions. Here, we provide comprehensive review importance regulation intestinal, pulmonary, hepatic, renal, pancreatic, brain functions, present possible opportunities for application to alleviate/treat human diseases.

Language: Английский

Citations

111
Altered Gut Microbiome Composition and Function Are Associated With Gut Barrier Dysfunction in Healthy Relatives of Patients With Crohn’s Disease DOI Open Access
Haim Leibovitzh, Sun-Ho Lee, Mingyue Xue

et al.

Gastroenterology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 163(5), P. 1364 - 1376.e10

Published: July 16, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

106
Microbiota-derived metabolite Indoles induced aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation and inhibited neuroinflammation in APP/PS1 mice DOI Creative Commons
Jing Sun,

Yuhe Zhang,

Yu Kong

et al.

Brain Behavior and Immunity, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 106, P. 76 - 88

Published: Aug. 10, 2022

Gut microbiota alterations might affect the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD) through microbiota-derived metabolites. For example, Indoles via tryptophan metabolism prevented Aβ accumulation and Tau hyperphosphorylation, restored synaptic plasticity, then promoted cognitive behavioral ability APP/PS1 mice. The imbalanced compositions Indoles-producing bacteria with deficiency were found in male mice, but molecular mechanisms remained unclear. Our current study revealed that (including indole, indole-3-acetic acid indole-3-propionic acid) upregulated production aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), inhibited activation NF-κB signal pathway as well formation NLRP3 inflammasome, reduced release inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β IL-18, alleviating response These findings demonstrated roles activating AhR to regulate neuroinflammation AD gut Indoles, which implied a novel way for treatment.

Language: Английский

Citations

104
Gastrointestinal and brain barriers: unlocking gates of communication across the microbiota–gut–brain axis DOI Creative Commons
María R. Aburto, John F. Cryan

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(4), P. 222 - 247

Published: Feb. 14, 2024

Crosstalk between gut and brain has long been appreciated in health disease, the microbiota is a key player communication these two distant organs. Yet, mechanisms through which influences development function of gut–brain axis remain largely unknown. Barriers present are specialized cellular interfaces that maintain strict homeostasis different compartments across this axis. These barriers include epithelial barrier, blood–brain barrier blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier. ideally positioned to receive communicate microbial signals constituting gateway for gut–microbiota–brain communication. In Review, we focus on how modulation by can constitute an important channel Moreover, malfunction upon alterations composition could form basis various conditions, including often comorbid neurological gastrointestinal disorders. Thus, should unravelling molecular move from simplistic framing as 'leaky gut'. A mechanistic understanding barriers, especially during critical windows development, be aetiology The modulator This Review provides overview examines role disease.

Language: Английский

Citations

92
Reference materials for MS-based untargeted metabolomics and lipidomics: a review by the metabolomics quality assurance and quality control consortium (mQACC) DOI Creative Commons
Katrice A. Lippa, Juan J. Aristizabal‐Henao, Richard D. Beger

et al.

Metabolomics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 18(4)

Published: April 1, 2022

Abstract Introduction The metabolomics quality assurance and control consortium (mQACC) is enabling the identification, development, prioritization, promotion of suitable reference materials (RMs) to be used in (QA) (QC) for untargeted research. Objectives This review aims highlight current RMs, methodologies within lipidomics communities ensure standardization results obtained from data analysis, interpretation cross-study, cross-laboratory comparisons. essence also applicable other ‘omics areas that generate high dimensional data. Results potential game-changing biochemical discoveries through mass spectrometry-based (MS) are predicated on evolution more confident qualitative (and eventually quantitative) research laboratories. RMs thus critical QC tools able assure standardization, comparability, repeatability reproducibility interpretation, compare across studies multiple Standard operating procedures (SOPs) promote, describe exemplify use will improve communities. Conclusions application described this may significantly support continued development deployment new together with interlaboratory educational outreach training, further promote sound QA practices community.

Language: Английский

Citations

84
Intestinal epithelial cell metabolism at the interface of microbial dysbiosis and tissue injury DOI Creative Commons
Eva Rath, Dirk Haller

Mucosal Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 595 - 604

Published: April 1, 2022

The intestinal epithelium represents the most regenerative tissue in human body, located proximity to dense and functionally diverse microbial milieu of microbiome. Episodes injury incomplete healing are a prerequisite for immune reactivation account recurrent, chronically progressing phenotypes inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Mitochondrial dysfunction associated changes epithelial functions emerging concepts pathogenesis IBD, suggesting impaired metabolic flexibility cells affects capacity tissue. Next rendering mucosa susceptible triggers, reprogramming is implicated shaping adverse environments. In this review, we introduce concept “metabolic injury” as cell autonomous mechanism wounding response mitochondrial perturbation. Furthermore, highlight metabolism intersection microbiome, regeneration.

Language: Английский

Citations

82