Global predictions of primary soil salinization under changing climate in the 21st century

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Nov. 18, 2021

Soil salinization has become one of the major environmental and socioeconomic issues globally this is expected to be exacerbated further with projected climatic change. Determining how climate change influences dynamics naturally-occurring soil scarcely been addressed due highly complex processes influencing salinization. This paper sets out address long-standing challenge by developing data-driven models capable predicting primary (naturally-occurring) salinity its variations in world's drylands up year 2100 under changing climate. Analysis future predictions made here identifies dryland areas South America, southern western Australia, Mexico, southwest United States, Africa as hotspots. Conversely, we project a decrease northwest Horn Africa, Eastern Europe, Turkmenistan, west Kazakhstan response over same period. Excess salt accumulation root zone causes health, biodiversity food security. Authors used machine learning algorithms predict global scale 21st century.

Language: Английский

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Developing climate‐resilient crops: improving plant tolerance to stress combination

The Plant Journal, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 109(2), P. 373 - 389

Published: Sept. 5, 2021

SUMMARY Global warming and climate change are driving an alarming increase in the frequency intensity of different abiotic stresses, such as droughts, heat waves, cold snaps, flooding, negatively affecting crop yields causing food shortages. Climate is also altering composition behavior insect pathogen populations adding to yield losses worldwide. Additional constraints agriculture caused by increasing amounts human‐generated pollutants, well negative impact on soil microbiomes. Although laboratory, we trained study individual stress conditions plants, field many pests could simultaneously or sequentially affect combination. Because expected combination events (e.g., waves combined with drought, other and/or pathogens), a concentrated effort needed how crops. This need particularly critical, studies have shown that response plants unique cannot be predicted from simply studying each stresses part Strategies enhance tolerance particular may therefore fail this specific stress, when factors. Here review recent combinations propose new approaches avenues for development combination‐ change‐resilient

Language: Английский

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Soil Salinity and Sodicity in Drylands: A Review of Causes, Effects, Monitoring, and Restoration Measures

Frontiers in Environmental Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Aug. 11, 2021

Soil salinization and sodification are common processes that particularly characterize drylands. These can be attributed either to natural conditions or anthropogenic activities. While causes include factors such as climate, lithology, topography, pedology, human mostly related agricultural land-use, specifically, irrigated agriculture. The objective of this study was thoroughly review topic, while highlighting the major challenges opportunities. Over time, extent saline, sodic, saline-sodic croplands has increased, resulting in accelerated land degradation desertification, decreased productivity, consequently jeopardizing environmental food security. Mapping monitoring saline soils is an important management tool, aimed at determining severity processes. Recent developments advanced remote sensing methods have improved efficacy mapping soils. Knowledge on prevention, mitigation, recovery soil salinity sodicity substantially grown over time. This knowledge includes measures for salt flushing leaching, water-saving irrigation technologies, precision fertilizer systems, chemical restoration, organic microbial remediation, phytoremediation affected lands. Of a particular interest development forestry-related means, with afforestation, reforestation, agroforestry, silvopasture practices salt-affected forecasted expansion drylands aggravated drying existing due climatic change emphasize importance topic.

Language: Английский

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Exploring the multiple land degradation pathways across the planet

Earth-Science Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 220, P. 103689 - 103689

Published: May 25, 2021

Language: Английский

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Towards sustainable saline agriculture: Interfacial solar evaporation for simultaneous seawater desalination and saline soil remediation

Water Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 212, P. 118099 - 118099

Published: Jan. 19, 2022

Language: Английский

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Irrigation Induced Salinity and Sodicity Hazards on Soil and Groundwater: An Overview of Its Causes, Impacts and Mitigation Strategies

Agriculture, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(10), P. 983 - 983

Published: Oct. 9, 2021

Salinity and sodicity have been a major environmental hazard of the past century since more than 25% total land 33% irrigated globally are affected by salinity sodicity. Adverse effects soil include inhibited crop growth, waterlogging issues, groundwater contamination, loss in fertility other associated secondary impacts on dependent ecosystems. also an enormous impact food security substantial portion world’s is them. While intrinsic nature could cause sodicity, developing countries, they primarily caused unsustainable irrigation practices, such as using high volumes fertilizers, irrigating with saline/sodic water lack adequate drainage facilities to drain surplus water. This has irreversible contamination many regions. Although several remediation techniques developed, comprehensive reclamation still remains challenging often time resource inefficient. Mitigating risk while continuing irrigate land, for example, growing salt-resistant crops halophytes together regular or creating artificial appears be most practical solution farmers cannot halt irrigation. The purpose this review highlight global prevalence areas, their spatiotemporal variability causes, document induced physicochemical properties groundwater, discuss practical, innovative, feasible practices solutions mitigate hazards groundwater.

Language: Английский

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Remote sensing of soil degradation: Progress and perspective

International Soil and Water Conservation Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(3), P. 429 - 454

Published: March 15, 2023

Soils constitute one of the most critical natural resources and maintaining their health is vital for agricultural development ecological sustainability, providing many essential ecosystem services. Driven by climatic variations anthropogenic activities, soil degradation has become a global issue that seriously threatens environment food security. Remote sensing (RS) technologies have been widely used to investigate as it highly efficient, time-saving, broad-scope. This review encompasses recent advances state-of-the-art ground, proximal, novel RS techniques in degradation-related studies. We reviewed RS-related indicators could be monitoring properties. The direct (mineral composition, organic matter, surface roughness, moisture content soil) indirect proxies (vegetation condition land use/land cover change) evaluating were comprehensively summarized. results suggest these above are effective degradation, however, no system established date. also discussed RS's mechanisms, data, methods identifying specific phenomena (e.g., erosion, salinization, desertification, contamination). investigated potential relations between Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) challenges prospective use assessing degradation. To further advance optimize technology, analysis retrieval methods, we identify future research needs directions: (1) multi-scale degradation; (2) availability data; (3) process modelling prediction; (4) shared dataset; (5) decision support systems; (6) rehabilitation degraded resource contribution technology. Because difficult monitor or measure all properties large scale, remotely sensed characterization related particularly important. Although not silver bullet, provides unique benefits studies from regional scales.

Language: Английский

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Microbial diversity and functions in saline soils: A review from a biogeochemical perspective

Journal of Advanced Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 59, P. 129 - 140

Published: June 29, 2023

Soil salinization threatens food security and ecosystem health, is one of the important drivers to degradation many ecosystems around world. microorganisms have extremely high diversity participate in a variety key ecological processes. They are guarantees for soil health sustainable development. However, our understanding function under change increased fragmented. Here, we summarize changes microbial influence diverse natural ecosystems. We particularly focus on bacteria fungi salt stress their emerging functions (such as mediated biogeochemical processes). This study also discusses how use microbiome saline soils deal with supporting ecosystems, puts forward knowledge gaps research directions that need be strengthened future. Due rapid development molecular-based biotechnology (especially high-throughput sequencing technology), community composition functional genes been extensively characterized different habitats. Clarifying responding pattern microbial-mediated nutrient cycling developing utilizing weaken adverse effects plants soil, which guiding significance agricultural production management lands.

Language: Английский

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Updated soil salinity with fine spatial resolution and high accuracy: The synergy of Sentinel-2 MSI, environmental covariates and hybrid machine learning approaches

CATENA, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 212, P. 106054 - 106054

Published: Feb. 24, 2022

Language: Английский

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Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria: Salt stress alleviators to improve crop productivity for sustainable agriculture development

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Jan. 12, 2023

Soil salinity, a growing issue worldwide, is detrimental consequence of the ever-changing climate, which has highlighted and worsened conditions associated with damaged soil quality, reduced agricultural production, decreasing land areas, thus resulting in an unsteady national economy. In this review, halo-tolerant plant growth-promoting rhizo-microbiomes (PGPRs) are evaluated salinity-affected agriculture as they serve excellent agents controlling various biotic–abiotic stresses help augmentation crop productivity. Integrated efforts these effective microbes lighten load agro-chemicals on environment while managing nutrient availability. PGPR-assisted modern practices have emerged green strategy to benefit sustainable farming without compromising yield under salinity well supplementary including increased temperature, drought, potential invasive pathogenicity. PGPRs bio-inoculants impart induced systemic tolerance (IST) plants by production volatile organic compounds (VOCs), antioxidants, osmolytes, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), phytohormones, ACC-deaminase recuperation nutritional status ionic homeostasis. Regulation PGPR-induced signaling pathways such MAPK CDPK assists stress alleviation. The “Next Gen Agriculture” consists application designer microbiomes through gene editing tools, for instance, CRISPR, engineering metabolic so gain maximum resistance. utilization omics technologies over traditional approaches can fulfill criteria required increase yields manner feeding burgeoning population augment adaptability climate change conditions, ultimately leading improved vitality. Furthermore, constraints specificity PGPR, lack acceptance farmers, legal regulatory aspects been acknowledged also discussing future trends product commercialization view changing climate.

Language: Английский

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