Protective effects of Chinese bayberry pomace wine against oxidative stress on Drosophila melanogaster

Food Research International, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 194, P. 114885 - 114885

Published: Aug. 13, 2024

Language: Английский

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Drosophila: An Important Model for Exploring the Pathways of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) in the Intestinal Tract

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(23), P. 12742 - 12742

Published: Nov. 27, 2024

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and recurring lifelong condition, the exact etiology of which remains obscure. However, an increasing corpus research underscores pivotal role cellular signaling pathways in both instigation management intestinal inflammation. Drosophila, owing to its prodigious offspring, abbreviated life cycle, conservation with mammals, among other advantages, has become model organism for IBD research. This review will expound on feasibility utilizing Drosophila as model, comparing architecture that inflammatory responses, pathways. Furthermore, it deliberate natural products across various biological models pathways, elucidating viability fruit flies modus operandi context IBD.

Language: Английский

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Massively parallel mutant selection identifies genetic determinants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonization of Drosophila melanogaster

mSystems, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(3)

Published: Feb. 21, 2024

is recognized for its ability to colonize diverse habitats and cause disease in a variety of hosts, including plants, invertebrates, mammals. Understanding how this bacterium able occupy wide-ranging niches important deciphering ecology. We used transposon sequencing [Tn-Seq, also known as insertion (INSeq)] identify genes

Language: Английский

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Membership robustness but structural change of the native gut microbiota of bumble bees upon systemic immune induction

Microbiology Spectrum, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(11)

Published: Oct. 7, 2024

ABSTRACT Understanding factors influencing the composition and maintenance of beneficial host-associated microbial communities is central to understanding their ecological, evolutionary, health consequences for hosts. Host immunity often implicated as a regulator these microbiota, but may also play disruptive role, with responses infection perturbing communities. Such effects be more prominent from innate immune responses, rapid-acting non-specific components, compared adaptive responses. We investigated how upregulation antibacterial in bumble bee Bombus impatiens affects its core gut testing hypothesis that immunity-induced perturbation impacts microbiota structure. Freshly emerged adult bees were fed inoculum before receiving non-pathogenic stimulation injection. quantified using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing targeted quantitative PCR. Coarse community membership shows apparent robustness, we find alters abundance two members, Gilliamella Snodgrassella . Moreover, positive association between bacteria perturbed following Gram-negative challenge. The observed changes are suggestive response-induced dysbiosis, linking ecological interactions across levels hosts, pathogens, microbiota. potential collateral natural an response contribute costs, shaping evolutionary optimization investment depending on context. IMPORTANCE Our work demonstrates influence While previous has demonstrated role regulating show disrupt native by shifting individual abundances some members pairwise associations. This builds upon demonstrating determining microbe colonization hosts membership, implicating factor important appear unaffected, others overall suggests serve additional selective pressure shapes evolution host immunity.

Language: Английский

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Spatial and temporal coordination of Duox/TrpA1/Dh31 and IMD pathways is required for the efficient elimination of pathogenic bacteria in the intestine ofDrosophilalarvae

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 27, 2024

Abstract Multiple gut antimicrobial mechanisms are coordinated in space and time to efficiently fight foodborne pathogens. In Drosophila melanogaster , production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) peptides (AMPs) together with intestinal cell renewal play a key role eliminating microbes. A complementary mechanism would be isolate treat pathogenic bacteria while allowing colonization by commensals. Using real-time imaging follow the fate ingested bacteria, we demonstrate that commensal Lactiplantibacillus plantarum freely circulate within lumen, strains such as Erwinia carotovora or Bacillus thuringiensis blocked anterior midgut where they rapidly eliminated peptides. This sequestration requires Duox enzyme enterocytes, both TrpA1 Dh31 enteroendocrine cells. Supplementing larval food hCGRP, human homolog Dh31, is sufficient block suggesting existence conserved mechanism. While IMD pathway essential for trapped it dispensable blockage. Genetic manipulations impairing bacterial compartmentalization result abnormal posterior regions bacteria. Despite functional pathway, this ectopic leads proliferation death, demonstrating critical defense. Our study reveals temporal orchestration during which but not innocuous, confined part an dependent manner. AUTHOR SUMMARY Typically, when considering immune response animals infection, focus on classical immunity, encompassing innate adaptive aspects antimicrobials circulating However, broader perspective immunity includes additional strategies enhance host protection, behavioral avoidance internal restrict pathogen propagation. our using larvae model, uncovered spatially temporally interconnected events crucial effectively combating infections. findings reveal two-step defense mechanism: first, discriminate between strains, confining hazardous ones section intestine. These trigger synthesis release host, ultimately eradicate entrapped experiments show capable limiting spreading producing withstand contrast, absence either one these sequential defenses results high mortality among larvae, emphasizing importance each step necessity their precise coordination response.

Language: Английский

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When the Host Encounters the Cell Wall and Vice Versa

Annual Review of Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 78(1), P. 233 - 253

Published: July 17, 2024

Peptidoglycan (PGN) and associated surface structures such as secondary polymers capsules have a central role in the physiology of bacteria. The exoskeletal PGN heteropolymer is major determinant cell shape allows bacteria to withstand cytoplasmic turgor pressure. Thus, its assembly, expansion, remodeling during growth division need be highly regulated avoid compromising survival. Similarly, regulation assembly impacts bacterial shape; distinct shapes enhance fitness different ecological niches, host. Because wall components, particular PGN, are exposed environment unique bacteria, these been coopted evolution by eukaryotes detect Furthermore, essential survival has made an important signaling molecule dialog between host microbes target many responses. Millions years coevolution resulted pivotal for fragments shaping establishing long-lasting symbiosis perturbations this can lead pathologies chronic inflammatory diseases. pathogens devised sophisticated strategies manipulate system their growth.

Language: Английский

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Implementing Optogenetic-Controlled Bacterial Systems in Drosophila melanogaster for Alleviation of Heavy Metal Poisoning

ACS Synthetic Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 23, 2024

(fruit fly) is an animal model chassis in biological and genetic research owing to its short life cycle, ease of cultivation, acceptability modification. While the

Language: Английский

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Spatial and temporal coordination of Duox/TrpA1/Dh31 and IMD pathways is required for the efficient elimination of pathogenic bacteria in the intestine of Drosophila larvae

Published: Oct. 22, 2024

Multiple gut antimicrobial mechanisms are coordinated in space and time to efficiently fight foodborne pathogens. In Drosophila melanogaster , production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) peptides (AMPs) together with intestinal cell renewal play a key role eliminating microbes. A complementary mechanism would be isolate treat pathogenic bacteria while allowing colonization by commensals. Using real-time imaging follow the fate ingested bacteria, we demonstrate that commensal Lactiplantibacillus plantarum freely circulate within lumen, strains such as Erwinia carotovora or Bacillus thuringiensis blocked anterior midgut where they rapidly eliminated peptides. This sequestration requires Duox enzyme enterocytes, both TrpA1 Dh31 enteroendocrine cells. Supplementing larval food hCGRP, human homolog Dh31, is sufficient block suggesting existence conserved mechanism. While IMD pathway essential for trapped it dispensable blockage. Genetic manipulations impairing bacterial compartmentalization result abnormal posterior regions bacteria. Despite functional pathway, this ectopic leads proliferation death, demonstrating critical defense. Our study reveals temporal orchestration during which but not innocuous, confined part an dependent manner.

Language: Английский

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Spatial and temporal coordination of Duox/TrpA1/Dh31 and IMD pathways is required for the efficient elimination of pathogenic bacteria in the intestine of Drosophila larvae

eLife, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Nov. 22, 2024

Multiple gut antimicrobial mechanisms are coordinated in space and time to efficiently fight foodborne pathogens. In Drosophila melanogaster , production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) peptides (AMPs) together with intestinal cell renewal play a key role eliminating microbes. A complementary mechanism would be isolate treat pathogenic bacteria while allowing colonization by commensals. Using real-time imaging follow the fate ingested bacteria, we demonstrate that commensal Lactiplantibacillus plantarum freely circulate within lumen, strains such as Erwinia carotovora or Bacillus thuringiensis blocked anterior midgut where they rapidly eliminated peptides. This sequestration requires Duox enzyme enterocytes, both TrpA1 Dh31 enteroendocrine cells. Supplementing larval food hCGRP, human homolog Dh31, is sufficient block suggesting existence conserved mechanism. While immune deficiency (IMD) pathway essential for trapped it dispensable blockage. Genetic manipulations impairing bacterial compartmentalization result abnormal posterior regions bacteria. Despite functional IMD pathway, this ectopic leads proliferation death, demonstrating critical defense. Our study reveals temporal orchestration during which but not innocuous, confined part an IMD-pathway-dependent manner.

Language: Английский

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Strong impact of orally administered BCR4 defensin on aphid survival, embryo development and symbiotic cells in three Acyrthosiphon pisum parthenogenetic lines

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 27, 2024

Aphids are major crop pests capable of colonizing the main plants grown for human consumption. They have specialized cells, bacteriocytes, which house obligatory symbionts Buchnera aphidicola that provide them with essential nutrients missing from their diet. Bacteriocyte-specific cysteine-rich peptides (BCRs) encoded by a defensin gene family exclusively present in aphids and specifically expressed bacteriocyte. One BCR member, BCR4, has been shown to insecticidal properties against pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum(Hemiptera: Aphididae). In study, we exposed aphid different doses BCR4 examined impact on survival, mass, anatomy, fecundity, as well bacterial symbiosis. As lines various symbiotic status may be differently affected stress, investigated effect ingestion three A. pisum lines: LL01 YR2-amp, that mono-infected B. aphidicola, YR2-Ri, is genetically identical YR2-amp but also contains extracellular facultative Regiella insecticola. Our results show strong dose-response survival more moderate both YR2 lines, while an mass was observed lines. Histological analyses revealed severe embryonic developmental defects due treatment. Finally, treatment reduced symbiont quantity, aphidicola being than R. This study supports idea could act key regulator symbiosis development, highlights its potential candidate bioinsecticide pest control.

Language: Английский

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