Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: April 23, 2024
Immunotherapy
is
renowned
for
its
capacity
to
elicit
anti-infective
and
anti-cancer
effects
by
harnessing
immune
responses
microbial
components
bolstering
innate
healing
mechanisms
through
a
cascade
of
immunological
reactions.
Specifically,
mammalian
Toll-like
receptors
(TLRs)
have
been
identified
as
key
responsible
detecting
components.
The
discovery
these
has
clarified
antigen
recognition
the
system.
It
furnished
molecular
foundation
comprehending
interplay
between
immunity
anti-tumor
or
capabilities.
Moreover,
accumulating
evidence
highlights
crucial
role
TLRs
in
maintaining
tissue
homeostasis.
also
become
evident
that
TLR-expressing
macrophages
play
central
participating
clearance
foreign
substances,
repair,
establishment
new
tissue.
This
macrophage
network,
centered
on
macrophages,
significantly
contributes
healing.
review
will
primarily
delve
into
immunity,
specifically
focusing
substances
targeting
TLR4.
Acta Physiologica,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
240(3)
Published: Jan. 25, 2024
Abstract
Our
aim
is
to
present
an
updated
overview
of
the
erythrocyte
metabolism
highlighting
its
richness
and
complexity.
We
have
manually
collected
connected
available
biochemical
pathways
integrated
them
into
a
functional
metabolic
map.
The
focus
this
map
on
main
consisting
glycolysis,
pentose
phosphate
pathway,
redox
metabolism,
oxygen
purine/nucleoside
membrane
transport.
Other
recently
emerging
are
also
curated,
like
methionine
salvage
glyoxalase
system,
carnitine
lands
cycle,
as
well
remnants
carboxylic
acid
metabolism.
An
additional
goal
review
dynamics
providing
key
numbers
used
perform
basic
quantitative
analyses.
By
synthesizing
experimental
computational
data,
we
conclude
that
foundations
Additionally,
can
sense
levels
oxidative
stress
adjusting
mechanics,
function.
In
conclusion,
fine‐tuning
controls
one
most
important
biological
processes,
is,
loading,
transport,
delivery.
Nature Cell Biology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
26(8), P. 1336 - 1345
Published: Aug. 1, 2024
The
accumulation
of
senescent
cells
promotes
ageing
and
age-related
diseases,
but
molecular
mechanisms
that
use
to
evade
immune
clearance
accumulate
in
tissues
remain
be
elucidated.
Here
we
report
p16-positive
upregulate
the
checkpoint
protein
programmed
death-ligand
1
(PD-L1)
chronic
inflammation.
We
show
p16-mediated
inhibition
cell
cycle
kinases
CDK4/6
induces
PD-L1
stability
via
downregulation
its
ubiquitin-dependent
degradation.
p16-expressing
alveolar
macrophages
elevate
promote
an
immunosuppressive
environment
can
contribute
increased
burden
cells.
Treatment
with
activating
anti-PD-L1
antibodies
engaging
Fcγ
receptors
on
effector
leads
elimination
Our
study
uncovers
a
mechanism
p16-dependent
regulation
reveals
potential
targeting
improve
immunosurveillance
ameliorate
senescence-associated
Critical Care,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
28(1)
Published: July 13, 2024
Implementation
of
biomarkers
in
sepsis
and
septic
shock
emergency
situations,
remains
highly
challenging.
This
viewpoint
arose
from
a
public-private
3-day
workshop
aiming
to
facilitate
the
transition
into
clinical
practice.
The
authors
consist
international
academic
researchers
clinician-scientists
industry
experts
who
gathered
(i)
identify
current
obstacles
impeding
biomarker
research
sepsis,
(ii)
outline
important
milestones
critical
path
development
(iii)
discuss
novel
avenues
discovery
implementation.
To
define
more
appropriately
potential
place
better
understanding
pathophysiology
is
mandatory,
particular
patient's
trajectory
early
inflammatory
onset
late
persisting
immunosuppression
phase.
time-varying
host
response
urges
develop
time-resolved
test
characterize
persistence
immunological
dysfunctions.
Furthermore,
age-related
difference
has
be
considered
between
adult
paediatric
patients.
In
this
context,
numerous
barriers
adoption
practice,
such
as
lack
consensus
about
diagnostic
performances,
absence
strict
recommendations
for
development,
cost
resources
implications,
methodological
validation
challenges
or
limited
awareness
education
have
been
identified.
Biomarker-guided
interventions
patients
that
would
benefit
therapy,
sTREM-1-guided
Nangibotide
treatment
Adrenomedullin-guided
Enibarcimab
treatment,
appear
promising
but
require
further
evaluation.
Artificial
intelligence
also
great
field
through
capability
analyse
high
volume
complex
data
multiparametric
patient
endotypes
trajectories.
conclude,
requires
comprehensive
multidisciplinary
approach
employing
most
advanced
analytical
tools,
creation
platform
collaboratively
merges
scientific
commercial
needs
support
an
expedited
regulatory
approval
process.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
9(1)
Published: Nov. 8, 2024
Abstract
Natural
killer
(NK)
cells,
initially
identified
for
their
rapid
virus-infected
and
leukemia
cell
killing
tumor
destruction,
are
pivotal
in
immunity.
They
exhibit
multifaceted
roles
cancer,
viral
infections,
autoimmunity,
pregnancy,
wound
healing,
more.
Derived
from
a
common
lymphoid
progenitor,
they
lack
CD3,
B-cell,
or
T-cell
receptors
but
wield
high
cytotoxicity
via
perforin
granzymes.
NK
cells
orchestrate
immune
responses,
secreting
inflammatory
IFNγ
immunosuppressive
TGFβ
IL-10.
CD56
dim
bright
execute
cytotoxicity,
while
also
regulate
However,
beyond
the
dichotomy,
detailed
phenotypic
diversity
reveals
many
functional
subsets
that
may
not
be
optimal
cancer
immunotherapy.
In
this
review,
we
provide
comprehensive
snapshots
of
cells’
functions
states
activation
inhibitions
angiogenesis,
pregnancy
fertility,
aging,
senescence
mediated
by
complex
signaling
ligand-receptor
interactions,
including
impact
environment.
As
use
engineered
immunotherapy
accelerates,
often
footsteps
T-cell-derived
engineering,
examine
interactions
with
other
effectors
relevant
limitations
microenvironment,
intending
to
understand
how
enhance
cytolytic
activities
specifically
npj Digital Medicine,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
7(1)
Published: July 16, 2024
Virtual
patients
and
digital
patients/twins
are
two
similar
concepts
gaining
increasing
attention
in
health
care
with
goals
to
accelerate
drug
development
improve
patients'
survival,
but
their
own
limitations.
Although
methods
have
been
proposed
generate
virtual
patient
populations
using
mechanistic
models,
there
limited
number
of
applications
immuno-oncology
research.
Furthermore,
due
the
stricter
requirements
twins,
they
often
generated
a
study-specific
manner
models
customized
particular
clinical
settings
(e.g.,
treatment,
cancer,
data
types).
Here,
we
discuss
challenges
for
generation
our
most
recent
experiences,
initiatives
develop
how
research
on
these
can
inform
each
other.
