Hybrid immunity improves the immune response after fourth Covid-19 vaccine dose in individuals with medical conditions predisposing to severe Covid-19 DOI Creative Commons
Nina Ekström, Tuija Leino, Aapo Juutinen

et al.

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 24, 2023

Abstract Background Data on Covid-19 booster vaccinations and subsequent infections immune responses in the immunocompromised is limited. We studied antibody after fourth dose breakthrough infection to define patient groups benefiting most from boosters. Methods In Finland, vaccine (booster) doses were first recommended for severely individuals, whom we invited participate 2022. assessed spike protein specific IgG levels neutralizing antibodies (NAb) against ancestral Omicron BA.1 strains one month 488 adult participants compared of 35 healthy controls 3 doses. used Bayesian generalized linear modelling assess factors explaining concentrations dose. vaccine-induced hybrid immunity six months last Results Chronic kidney disease (CKD) immunosuppressive therapy (IT) identified as sub-optimal responses. The proportion with a normal response NAbs significantly lower CKD patients controls. By 6-month sampling third became infected, which enhanced notably participants. Conclusions Impaired responses, especially lineage, predict limited protection individuals CKD, highlight need alternative pharmaceutical preventive strategies. Vaccination strategies should take into account development robust also among immunocompromised.

Language: Английский

Hybrid Immunity Improves the Immune Response after the Fourth COVID-19 Vaccine Dose in Individuals with Medical Conditions Predisposing to Severe COVID-19 DOI Creative Commons
Nina Ekström,

Tuija M. Leino,

Aapo Juutinen

et al.

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(3), P. 247 - 247

Published: Feb. 27, 2024

Data on immune responses following COVID-19 booster vaccinations and subsequent infections in the immunocompromised are limited. We studied antibody after fourth dose to define patient groups benefiting most from boosters. Fourth vaccine (booster) doses were, Finland, first recommended for severely individuals, whom we invited participate our study 2022. assessed spike protein-specific IgG neutralizing antibodies (NAb) against ancestral Omicron BA.1 strains one month 488 adult participants compared them levels of 35 healthy controls three doses. used Bayesian generalized linear modeling assess factors explaining vaccine-induced hybrid immunity six months last dose. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) immunosuppressive therapy (IT) were identified as sub-optimal responses. The proportion with a normal response NAbs was significantly lower regarding CKD patients controls. By 6-month sampling point, one-third became infected (documented by serology and/or molecular tests), which notably enhanced participants. Impaired responses, especially lineage, suggest limited protection individuals highlight need alternative pharmaceutical preventive strategies. Vaccination strategies should take into account development robust also among immunocompromised.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Nationwide Target Trial Emulation Evaluating the Clinical Effectiveness of Oral Antivirals for COVID-19 in Korea DOI Creative Commons
Kyungmin Huh, Youngji Jo,

Gi Hwan Bae

et al.

Journal of Korean Medical Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 39(42)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Despite the proven effectiveness of oral antivirals against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in randomized trials, their clinical reevaluation is vital context widespread immunity and milder prevalent variants. This study aimed to assess for disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Immunocytometric analysis of patients with thymic epithelial tumors revealed that COVID-19 vaccine booster strongly enhanced the immune response DOI Creative Commons
Gustavo Cernera, Monica Gelzo, Pietro De Placido

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Aug. 29, 2023

Thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) are rare malignancies with heterogeneous clinical manifestations. The high frequency of autoimmune paraneoplastic disorders observed in such patients requires caution when using COVID-19 vaccines. Furthermore, TETs often associated severe immunodeficiency, making it difficult to predict vaccine immunization. Therefore, we aimed evaluate immune response TETs.We conducted a prospective study enrolling who underwent the SARS-Cov-2 mRNA full cycle (two doses plus booster after 6 months BNT162b2). All were enrolled before receiving 1st dose and followed over vaccination for up i) assess humoral cellular responses, ii) define biomarkers predictive effective immunization, iii) safety vaccine.At end cycle, 27 (61.4%) developed 38 (86.4%) responses (IFN γ release by stimulated cells) showed an increase activated TH1 TH17 cells, particularly significant dose. number B T lymphocytes at baseline was respectively. Patients no evidence tumor lesions had higher probability achieving than those disease. percentage immune-related (75%), Good's syndrome (47.7%) myasthenia gravis (29.5%), did not change entire cycle. Overall, 19 44 (43.2%) during observation period; none required hospitalization or oxygen support, fatalities observed.SARS-Cov-2 determines TET, dose, lesions. Preliminary analysis may help identify have lower thus need passive prevented infection is safe.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Clinical and epidemiological factors causing longer SARS-CoV 2 viral shedding: the results from the CoviCamp cohort DOI Creative Commons
Pierantonio Grimaldi, Antonio Russo, Mariantonietta Pisaturo

et al.

Infection, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 52(2), P. 439 - 446

Published: Sept. 13, 2023

Abstract Introduction The aim of this study was to investigate how long hospitalized patients stayed positive the nasopharyngeal swab, and what demographic clinical factors influence time-to-negative swab. Methods We enrolled in a multicenter, observational, retrospective involving 17 COVID-19 units eight cities Campania, southern Italy all from March 2020 May 2021 diagnosed with Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection for whom swab available. Results 963 were enrolled. defined three groups considering swab: first including before 26th day, second day 26 39, third > 39 days. 721 (74.9%) belonged group, 194 (20.1%) second, 52 (5.4%) group. Belonging group 2 3 seemed be influenced by age ( p value < 0.001), Charlson comorbidity index = 0.009), arterial hypertension 0.02), cardiovascular disease 0.017), or chronic kidney (CKD) 0.001). multivariable analysis confers leading role CKD, an odds ratio 2.3 as factor influencing belonging showing longer Patients CKD diabetes more frequently Discussion Our showed that is related probably because immunosuppression condition.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Clinical effectiveness of oral antivirals for non-hospitalized adult COVID-19 patients aged 18–60 years DOI
Wan‐Hsuan Hsu,

Bo-Wen Shiau,

Ya‐Wen Tsai

et al.

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 9

Published: Oct. 18, 2024

To investigate the effectiveness of oral antiviral agents - nirmatrelvir ritonavir or molnupiravir in non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients aged < 60 years.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Hybrid immunity improves the immune response after fourth Covid-19 vaccine dose in individuals with medical conditions predisposing to severe Covid-19 DOI Creative Commons
Nina Ekström, Tuija Leino, Aapo Juutinen

et al.

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 24, 2023

Abstract Background Data on Covid-19 booster vaccinations and subsequent infections immune responses in the immunocompromised is limited. We studied antibody after fourth dose breakthrough infection to define patient groups benefiting most from boosters. Methods In Finland, vaccine (booster) doses were first recommended for severely individuals, whom we invited participate 2022. assessed spike protein specific IgG levels neutralizing antibodies (NAb) against ancestral Omicron BA.1 strains one month 488 adult participants compared of 35 healthy controls 3 doses. used Bayesian generalized linear modelling assess factors explaining concentrations dose. vaccine-induced hybrid immunity six months last Results Chronic kidney disease (CKD) immunosuppressive therapy (IT) identified as sub-optimal responses. The proportion with a normal response NAbs significantly lower CKD patients controls. By 6-month sampling third became infected, which enhanced notably participants. Conclusions Impaired responses, especially lineage, predict limited protection individuals CKD, highlight need alternative pharmaceutical preventive strategies. Vaccination strategies should take into account development robust also among immunocompromised.

Language: Английский

Citations

1