Intermittent Fasting and Physical Exercise for Preventing Metabolic Disorders through Interaction with Gut Microbiota: A Review

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(10), P. 2277 - 2277

Published: May 11, 2023

Metabolic disorders entail both health risks and economic burdens to our society. A considerable part of the cause metabolic is mediated by gut microbiota. The microbial structure function are susceptible dietary patterns host physiological activities. sedentary lifestyle accompanied unhealthy eating habits propels release harmful metabolites, which impair intestinal barrier, thereby triggering a constant change in immune system biochemical signals. Noteworthy, healthy interventions, such as intermittent fasting, coupled with regular physical exercise can improve several inflammatory parameters, resulting stronger beneficial actions for health. In this review, current progress on how microbiota may link mechanistic basis common was discussed. We also highlight independent synergistic effects fasting interventions provide perspectives preventing disorders.

Language: Английский

---

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Attenuates Frailty via Gut-Muscle Axis in Old Mice

Aging and Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Targeting adverse pathogenic gut microbiota regulation through fecal transplantation (FMT) may restore health and has been validated in some aging-related diseases. However, the mechanisms of microbiota's role frailty whether modulation can treat age-related remain largely unknown. To assess effects FMT on frailty, we used bidirectional young old mice. We demonstrated that bacteria transplanted from mice into reduced body weight grip strength (p=0.002), led to elevated inflammatory factors mice, but had no significant effect intestinal barrier function. Notably, treatment older not only improved (grip strength: p=0.036, low physical activity: p=0.020, running speed: p=0.048, time: p=0.058, score: p=0.027) muscle mass, also ecological imbalances, function, systemic inflammation (serum TNF-α: p=0.002, IL-6: p<0.001). KEGG enrichment analysis metabolites showed ameliorate sphingolipid metabolism pathway. In addition, aged given a increase abundance SCFA-producing increased levels short-chain fatty acids (butyric acid: p=0.084, propionic p=0.028). Subsequent further verification found ameliorating be achieved SCFAs metabolism. Another mechanism study reduces lipopolysaccharide (p<0.001), thereby inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway its downstream pro-inflammatory products. Therefore, regulating by altering microbial composition targeting gut-muscle axis with LPS/TLR4 pathways potential strategies adults.

Language: Английский

---

Urbanisation and its associated factors affecting human gut microbiota: where are we heading to?

Annals of Human Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 50(1), P. 137 - 147

Published: Jan. 2, 2023

ContextThe continuous rise in urbanisation and its associated factors have been reflected the structure of human gut ecosystem.ObjectiveThe main focus review is to discuss summarise major risk with that affects microbiota thus affecting health.MethodsMultiple medical literature databases, namely PubMed, Google, Google Scholar, Web Science were used find relevant materials for urbanization microbiota/microbiome. Both layman Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms search. Due scarcity data, no limitation was set on publication date. Relevant material English language which includes case reports, chapters books, journal articles, online news reports records included this review.ResultsBased data discussed review, it quite clear long-standing effects result alterations microbial diversity composition. This a matter serious concern as chronic inflammatory diseases are urbanised societies.ConclusionA better understanding will help us identify implement new biological social approaches prevent treat improve health globally by deepening our these relationships increasing studies across gradients.HIGHLIGHTSHuman has linked almost every important function, including metabolism, intestinal homeostasis, immune system, biosynthesis vitamins, brain processes, behaviour.However, dysbiosis i.e., alteration composition pathogenesis many conditions.In 21st century, represents demographic shift developed developing countries.During period urbanisation, humans exposed environmental exposures, all led microbiota.The summarize how ultimately health.

Language: Английский

---

Association of Accelerometer‐Determined Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior With the Gut Microbiome in Middle‐Aged Women: A Compositional Data Approach

Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(7)

Published: June 30, 2024

ABSTRACT The beneficial effects of physical activity (PA) on gut microbiome have been reported, nevertheless the findings are inconsistent, with main limitation subjective methods for assessing PA. It is well accepted that using an objective assessment PA reduces measurement error and also allows sedentary behavior (SB). We aimed to study associations between accelerometer‐assessed behaviors (i.e., SB, light‐intensity [LPA] moderate‐to‐vigorous [MVPA]) compositional data analysis, a novel approach enables these accounting their inter‐dependency. This cross‐sectional included 289 women from Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966. Physical was measured during 14 days by wrist‐worn accelerometers. Analyses based combined effect MVPA analyses in association were performed. microbial alpha‐ beta‐diversity not significantly different MVPA‐SB groups, no differentially abundant microorganisms detected. Compositional analysis did show any significant movement (relative others) alpha‐diversity. Butyrate‐producing bacteria such as Agathobacter Lachnospiraceae CAG56 more when reallocating time LPA or SB ( γ = 0.609 0.113, both p ‐values 0.007). While associated diversity, we found specific bacteria, suggesting at least moderate intensity MVPA) could increase abundance short‐chain fatty acid–producing microbes.

Language: Английский

---

The Influence of Intestinal Microbiota on BDNF Levels

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(17), P. 2891 - 2891

Published: Aug. 29, 2024

The regulation of neurogenesis, the complex process producing and differentiating new brain tissue cells, is influenced by a interaction internal external factors. Over past decade, extensive research has been conducted on neurotrophins their key role in adult as well impact diseases such depression. Among neurotrophins, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) subject comprehensive studies scientific evidence supports its necessity for neurogenesis subventricular zone hippocampus. A novel area emerging gut microbiota significant contributor to neurotrophin production. Studies have shown that reduced BDNF levels can lead mood disorders, which are observed intestinal dysbiosis, characterized an imbalance composition quantity microbiota. There literature there link between function Physical activity, especially regularity intensity exercise, important relation level Probiotics, prebiotics physical activity may positive effect microbiota, therefore also factor.

Language: Английский

---