Signaling inflammation across the gut-brain axis

Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 374(6571), P. 1087 - 1092

Published: Nov. 25, 2021

The brain and gastrointestinal tract are critical sensory organs responsible for detecting, relaying, integrating, responding to signals derived from the internal external environment. At interface of this function, immune cells in intestines consistently survey environmental factors, eliciting responses that inform on physiological state body. Recent research reveals cross-talk along gut-brain axis regulates inflammatory nociception, responses, homeostasis. Here, we discuss molecular cellular mechanisms involved signaling inflammation across axis. We further highlight interactions between gut inflammation-associated diseases.

Language: Английский

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Role of microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids in nervous system disorders

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 139, P. 111661 - 111661

Published: May 8, 2021

During the past decade, accumulating evidence from research highlights suggested effects of bacterial communities human gut microbiota and their metabolites on health disease. In this regard, microbiota-derived receptors, beyond immune system, maintain metabolism homeostasis, which is essential to host's by balancing utilization intake nutrients. It has been shown that dysbiosis can cause pathology altered metabolites' formation, resulting in dysregulation system metabolism. The short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), such as butyrate, acetate, succinate, are produced due fermentation process bacteria gut. noted remodeling associated with pathophysiology several neurological disorders, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's amyotrophic lateral stress, anxiety, depression, autism, vascular dementia, schizophrenia, stroke, neuromyelitis optica spectrum among others. This review will discuss current most significant studies dealing some SCFAs microbial selected disorders.

Language: Английский

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Tryptophan Metabolism by Gut Microbiome and Gut-Brain-Axis: An in silico Analysis

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Dec. 18, 2019

The link between gut microbiome and brain is being slowly acknowledged due to the speculated role of resident microbial community in altering functions gut-brain axis (GBA). Recently, a number metabolites (referred as neuro-active metabolites) produced through tryptophan metabolism have been suggested influence GBA. In view this, current study focuses on pathways which produce metabolites. An silico analysis was performed bacterial genomes well publicly available data. results provide comprehensive catalog analyzed across bacteria. indicates an enrichment five gut-associated phyla, namely, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria. Further, genera, Clostridium, Burkholderia, Streptomyces, Pseudomonas, Bacillus predicted be enriched terms pathways, suggesting higher potential these groups metabolize gut. Analysis data corresponding samples from patients neurological diseases healthy individuals suggests probable association different sets metabolizing with etiology diseases. insights obtained present are expected directions toward designing based diagnostic therapeutic approaches for diseases/disorders.

Language: Английский

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Brain–gut–microbiota axis in depression: A historical overview and future directions

Brain Research Bulletin, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 182, P. 44 - 56

Published: Feb. 11, 2022

Depression is the most common mental disorder and a leading cause of disability worldwide. Despite abundant research, precise mechanisms underlying pathophysiology depression remain elusive. Accumulating evidence from preclinical clinical studies suggests that alterations in gut microbiota, microbe-derived short-chain fatty acids, D-amino acids metabolites play key role via brain–gut–microbiota axis, including neural immune systems. Notably, axis might crucial susceptibility versus resilience rodents exposed to stress. Vagotomy reported block depression-like phenotypes after fecal microbiota transplantation "depression-related" microbiome, suggesting vagus nerve influences through axis. In this article, we review recent findings regarding discuss its potential as therapeutic target for depression.

Language: Английский

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Fecal microbiota transfer between young and aged mice reverses hallmarks of the aging gut, eye, and brain

Microbiome, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: April 29, 2022

Altered intestinal microbiota composition in later life is associated with inflammaging, declining tissue function, and increased susceptibility to age-associated chronic diseases, including neurodegenerative dementias. Here, we tested the hypothesis that manipulating influences development of major comorbidities aging and, particular, inflammation affecting brain retina.

Language: Английский

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Interplay of gut microbiota and oxidative stress: Perspective on neurodegeneration and neuroprotection

Journal of Advanced Research, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 38, P. 223 - 244

Published: Sept. 17, 2021

Recent research on the implications of gut microbiota brain functions has helped to gather important information relationship between them. Pathogenesis neurological disorders is found be associated with dysregulation gut-brain axis. Some bacteria metabolites are directly increase in reactive oxygen species levels, one most risk factors neurodegeneration. Besides their morbid association, also play a significant role reducing onset these life-threatening disorders.Studies done recent past raises two link and brain: "gut microbiota-oxidative stress-neurodegeneration" microbiota-antioxidant-neuroprotection. This review aims gives deep insight our readers, collective studies done, focusing mediated oxidative stress involved neurodegeneration along focus those showing involvement neuroprotection.This focused three main key concepts. Firstly, mounting evidences from clinical preclinical arenas shows influence resulting dysfunctional processes. Therefore, we describe potential influencing vulnerability stress, budding causative Alzheimer's Parkinson's disease. Secondly, contributing roles been observed attenuating inflammation via its own or by producing secondary and, modulation population antioxidative anti-inflammatory probiotics have shown promising neuro resilience. Thirdly, high throughput silico tools databases correlation microbiome, health, thus providing fascinating perspective new avenues for therapeutic options.

Language: Английский

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The Role of Gut Bacterial Metabolites in Brain Development, Aging and Disease

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 732 - 732

Published: Feb. 25, 2021

In the last decade, emerging evidence has reported correlations between gut microbiome and human health disease, including those affecting brain. We performed a systematic assessment of available literature focusing on bacterial metabolites their associations with diseases central nervous system (CNS). The short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) as well non-SCFAs like amino acid (AAMs) amyloids are described in particular. found significantly altered SCFA levels patients autism spectrum disorder (ASD), affective disorders, multiple sclerosis (MS) Parkinson’s disease (PD). Non-SCFAs yielded less distinct changes faecal healthy controls, majority findings were derived from urinary blood samples. Preclinical studies have implicated different potentially beneficial detrimental mechanisms brain diseases. Examples include immunomodulation catecholamine production by histone deacetylase inhibition, anti-inflammatory effects through activity aryl hydrocarbon receptor involvement protein misfolding. Overall, our highlight existence across various diseases, potential neuroactive which gut-derived SCFAs, p-cresol, indole derivatives could impact development progression. summarized this review lead to further insights into gut–brain–axis thus diagnostic, therapeutic or preventive strategies

Language: Английский

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From natural environment to animal tissues: A review of microplastics(nanoplastics) translocation and hazards studies

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 855, P. 158686 - 158686

Published: Sept. 10, 2022

Language: Английский

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Guts Imbalance Imbalances the Brain: A Review of Gut Microbiota Association With Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders

Frontiers in Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: March 31, 2022

Over the last 10 years, there has been a growing interest in relationship between gut microbiota, brain, and neurologic-associated affections. As multiple preclinical clinical research studies highlight microbiota’s potential to modulate general state of health state, it goes without saying that microbiota plays significant role neurogenesis, mental cognitive development, emotions, behaviors, progression neuropsychiatric illnesses. Gut produces important biologic products that, through gut-brain axis, are directly connected with appearance evolution neurological psychiatric disorders such as depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, autism, schizophrenia, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s dementia, sclerosis, epilepsy. This study reviews recent on link microbiome’s shaping development most common Moreover, special attention is paid use probiotic formulations non-invasive therapeutic opportunity for prevention management neuropsychiatric-associated

Language: Английский

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Leveraging diet to engineer the gut microbiome

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 18(12), P. 885 - 902

Published: Sept. 27, 2021

Language: Английский

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