Journal of the Mexican Chemical Society,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
68(1), P. 113 - 123
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
The
family
of
compounds
known
as
azoles
are
part
most
the
antimicrobial
drugs
used
for
treatment
infections.
Within
this
triazoles
have
been
extensively
studied
pharmacophores
with
very
promising
results.
In
work,
four
novel
trisubstituted
1,2,3-triazole
a
thienopyridine
moiety
(1a,b;
2a,b)
were
synthesized
through
an
azide-enolate
1,3-dipolar
cycloaddition.
Their
cheminformatic
properties
calculated
using
simulation
software
available
online
such
Molinspiration,
Molsoft,
Osiris
Property
Explorer,
pkCSM,
SwissADME,
and
GUSA.
results
provided
important
information
which
allowed
us
to
consider
evaluation
antifungal
activity
these
compounds.
Therefore,
was
evaluated
in
vitro
against
filamentous
fungi,
including
Aspergillus
fumigatus
ATCC
16907,
Trichosporon
cutaneum
28592,
Rhizopus
oryzae
10329,
Mucor
hiemalis
8690;
well
six
species
yeast
from
Candida
genus;
C.
albicans
10231,
utilis
9226,
tropicalis
13803,
parapsilosis
22019,
glabrata
34138
krusei
14243
sensibility
studies
suggest
that
1b,
2a
2b
can
be
considered
candidates
complementary
biological
due
exhibited
activity.
Resumen.
La
familia
de
compuestos
conocidos
como
forman
parte
la
mayoría
los
medicamentos
utilizados
para
el
tratamiento
infecciones.
Dentro
este
grupo,
han
sido
extensamente
estudiados
farmacóforos
con
resultados
muy
prometedores.
En
trabajo,
se
sintetizaron
cuatro
nuevos
1,2,3-triazoles
trisustituidos,
que
incluyen
un
anillo
tienopiridina
en
su
estructura
través
una
cicloadición
del
tipo
azida-enolato.
Sus
propiedades
quimio
informáticas
fueron
calculadas
utilizando
programas
simulación
encontrados
línea
SwissADME
y
GUSAR.
Los
obtenidos
presentaron
información
importante
permitió
considerar
evaluación
actividad
antifúngica
estos
compuestos.
Por
lo
tanto,
esta
fue
evaluada
cepas
hogos
filamentosos,
incluyendo
8690,
así
también
seis
especies
levaduras
género
Candida;
14243.
estudios
observó
1a,
2a,
pueden
ser
considerados
posteriores
biológica
debido
inhibición
observada.
Journal of Fungi,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
10(4), P. 251 - 251
Published: March 27, 2024
Aspergillosis
is
a
fungal
infection
caused
by
various
species
of
Aspergillus,
most
notably
A.
fumigatus.
This
fungus
causes
spectrum
diseases,
including
allergic
bronchopulmonary
aspergillosis,
aspergilloma,
chronic
pulmonary
and
invasive
aspergillosis.
The
clinical
manifestations
severity
aspergillosis
can
vary
depending
on
individual
immune
status
the
specific
Aspergillus
involved.
recognition
involves
pathogen-associated
molecular
patterns
(PAMPs)
such
as
glucan,
galactomannan,
mannose,
conidial
surface
proteins.
These
are
recognized
pathogen
receptors
present
cells
Toll-like
(TLR-1,2,3,4,
etc.)
C-type
lectins
(Dectin-1
Dectin-2).
We
discuss
roles
cytokines
in
from
both
perspective
human
experimental
infection.
Several
chemokines
have
been
implicated
response
to
infection,
interferon-γ
(IFN-γ),
tumor
necrosis
factor-α
(TNF-α),
CCR4,
CCR17,
other
interleukins.
For
example,
(ABPA)
characterized
Th2
Th9
cell-type
immunity
interleukin
(IL)-4,
IL-5,
IL-13,
IL-10.
In
contrast,
it
has
observed
that
Th1
Th17
via
IFN-γ,
IL-1,
IL-6,
IL-17.
activate
stimulate
production
molecules,
antimicrobial
peptides
reactive
oxygen
species,
which
aid
clearance
pathogen.
Moreover,
they
help
initiate
coordinate
response,
recruit
site
promote
fungus.
Insight
into
host
animal
studies
may
understanding
possibly
leading
harnessing
power
or
cytokine
(receptor)
antagonists
transforming
them
precise
immunotherapeutic
strategies.
could
advance
personalized
medicine.
Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 10, 2025
SUMMARY
Advances
in
modern
medical
therapies
for
many
previously
intractable
human
diseases
have
improved
patient
outcomes.
However,
successful
disease
treatment
outcomes
are
often
prevented
due
to
invasive
fungal
infections
caused
by
the
environmental
mold
Aspergillus
fumigatus
.
As
contemporary
antifungal
not
experienced
same
robust
advances
as
other
therapies,
defining
mechanisms
of
A.
initiation
and
progression
remains
a
critical
research
priority.
To
this
end,
World
Health
Organization
recently
identified
priority
pathogen
Centers
Disease
Control
has
highlighted
emergence
triazole-resistant
isolates.
The
expansion
diversity
host
populations
susceptible
aspergillosis
complex
dynamic
genotypic
phenotypic
call
reinvigorated
assessment
pathobiological
drug-susceptibility
mechanisms.
Here,
we
summarize
recent
advancements
field
discuss
challenges
our
understanding
heterogeneity
its
pathogenesis
diverse
populations.
Pharmaceutics,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(11), P. 2582 - 2582
Published: Nov. 3, 2023
Airway
mucus
dysfunction
and
impaired
immunological
defenses
are
hallmarks
of
several
lung
diseases,
including
asthma,
cystic
fibrosis,
chronic
obstructive
pulmonary
mostly
causative
factors
in
bacterial-biofilm-associated
respiratory
tract
infections.
Bacteria
residing
within
the
biofilm
architecture
pose
a
complex
challenge
clinical
settings
due
to
their
increased
tolerance
currently
available
antibiotics
host
immune
responses,
resulting
infections
with
high
recalcitrance
rates
morbidity
mortality.
To
address
these
unmet
needs,
potential
anti-biofilm
therapeutic
strategies
being
developed
effectively
control
bacterial
biofilm.
This
review
focuses
on
recent
advances
development
application
nanoparticulate
drug
delivery
systems
for
treatment
biofilm-associated
infections,
especially
addressing
barriers
concern
accessibility
various
types
nanoparticles
used
combat
biofilms.
Understanding
obstacles
facing
biofilms
nanoparticle-based
approaches
combatting
may
encourage
researchers
explore
promising
modalities
Infection and Drug Resistance,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
Volume 17, P. 427 - 439
Published: Feb. 1, 2024
Purpose:
The
objective
of
this
study
was
to
determine
the
clinical
distribution,
in
vitro
antifungal
susceptibility
and
underlying
resistance
mechanisms
Aspergillus
fumigatus
(
A.
)
isolates
from
General
Hospital
Ningxia
Medical
University
between
November
2021
May
2023.
Methods:
Antifungal
testing
performed
using
Sensititre
YeastOne
YO10,
with
high
minimal
inhibitory
concentrations
(MICs)
were
further
confirmed
standard
broth
microdilution
assays
established
by
Clinical
Laboratory
Standards
Institute
(CLSI)
M38-third
edition.
Whole-Genome
Resequencing
RT-qPCR
azole-resistant
strains
investigate
mechanisms.
Results:
Overall,
a
total
276
identified
various
departments,
showing
an
increasing
trend
number
over
past
3
years.
Two
(0.72%)
observed,
one
which
showed
overexpression
cyp51A,
cyp51B,
cdr1B,
MDR1/2,
artR,
srbA,
erg24A
,
erg4B
but
no
cyp51A
mutation.
However,
other
strain
harbored
two
alterations
sequences
(L98H/S297T).
Therefore,
we
first
described
Ningxia,
China,
reported
that
has
L98H/S297T
mutations
gene
without
any
tandem
repeat
(TR)
promoter
region.
Conclusions:
This
emphasizes
importance
enhancing
attention
surveillance
particularly
those
non-TR
point
or
non-
mutations,
order
gain
better
understanding
their
prevalence
spread
Keywords:
azole
resistance,
mutation,
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
80(Supplement_1), P. i2 - i8
Published: March 1, 2025
Abstract
Fungal
diseases
are
of
growing
clinical
concern
in
human
medicine
as
the
result
changes
epidemiology,
diversity
presentation,
emergence
new
pathogens,
difficulties
diagnosis
and
increasing
resistance
to
antifungals
current
available
classes.
There
is
a
need
for
high
disease
awareness
among
public
healthcare
physicians,
improvement
diagnostic
methods
development
drugs
from
therapeutic
classes
with
an
improved
profile.
In
this
article,
we
will
explore
some
key
aspects
fungal
humans
provide
general
overview
important
topic.