Neuronal cadherins: The keys that unlock layer-specific astrocyte identity? DOI Open Access
Haley Jetter, Sarah D. Ackerman

The Journal of Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 222(11)

Published: Oct. 19, 2023

An astrocyte's intricate morphology is essential for proper brain function, but the intrinsic and extrinsic cues that set astrocyte are largely unknown. In this issue, Tan et al. (https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.202303138) show layer-specific expression of neuronal cadherins locally regulates morphogenesis heterogeneity.

Language: Английский

Astrocyte morphology DOI Creative Commons
Katherine T. Baldwin, Keith K. Murai, Baljit S. Khakh

et al.

Trends in Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 34(7), P. 547 - 565

Published: Oct. 26, 2023

Astrocytes are predominant glial cells that tile the central nervous system (CNS). A cardinal feature of astrocytes is their complex and visually enchanting morphology, referred to as bushy, spongy, star-like. precept this review such morphological shapes evolved allow contact signal with diverse at a range distances in order sample, regulate, contribute extracellular milieu, thus participate widely cell–cell signaling during physiology disease. The recent use improved imaging methods cell-specific molecular evaluations has revealed new information on structural organization underpinnings astrocyte mechanisms morphogenesis, contributions disease states reduced morphology. These insights have reignited interest complexity cornerstone fundamental biology critical substrate for multicellular spatial physiological interactions CNS.

Language: Английский

Citations

52
Astrocytes in selective vulnerability to neurodegenerative disease DOI Creative Commons
Till S. Zimmer, Adam L. Orr, Anna G. Orr

et al.

Trends in Neurosciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 47(4), P. 289 - 302

Published: March 22, 2024

Selective vulnerability of specific brain regions and cell populations is a hallmark neurodegenerative disorders. Mechanisms selective involve neuronal heterogeneity, functional specializations, differential sensitivities to stressors pathogenic factors. In this review we discuss the growing body literature suggesting that, like neurons, astrocytes are heterogeneous specialized, respond integrate diverse inputs, induce effects on function. disease, undergo specific, context-dependent changes that promote different trajectories outcomes. We propose contribute through maladaptive transitions context-divergent phenotypes impair functions. Further studies multifaceted roles in disease may provide new therapeutic approaches enhance resilience against

Language: Английский

Citations

14
Behavioral Abnormalities, Cognitive Impairments, Synaptic Deficits, and Gene Replacement Therapy in a CRISPR Engineered Rat Model of 5p15.2 Deletion Associated With Cri du Chat Syndrome DOI Creative Commons
Jingjing Shen, Yan Wang, Yang Liu

et al.

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 18, 2025

Abstract The Cri du Chat Syndrome (CdCS), a devastating genetic disorder caused by deletion on chromosome 5p, faces challenges in finding effective treatments and accurate animal models. Using CRISPR‐Cas9, novel CdCS rat model with 2q22 is developed, mirroring common alteration patients. This exhibits pronounced deficits social behavior, cognition, anxiety, accompanied neuronal abnormalities immune dysregulation key brain regions such as the hippocampus medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). immunostaining RNA‐seq analyses provide new insights into pathogenesis, revealing inflammatory processes. Importantly, it demonstrated that early gene replacement therapy AAV‐ Ctnnd2 alleviates cognitive impairments rats, highlighting potential for intervention. However, effectiveness of this confined to developmental stages does not fully restore all symptoms. findings deepen understanding pathogenesis suggest promising therapeutic directions.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Multifarious astrocyte–neuron dialog in shaping neural circuit architecture DOI
Khai Huynh Ngoc,

Younghyeon Jeon,

Jaewon Ko

et al.

Trends in Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Recent optical approaches for anatomical and functional dissection of neuron–astrocyte circuitry DOI Creative Commons
Yoshiki Hatashita, Takafumi Inoue

The Journal of Physiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 27, 2025

Abstract Astrocytes, the most abundant glial cells in brain, are wired into neural circuits through close contact with neuronal pre‐ and post‐synapses, called tripartite synapses. The mutual communication between neurons astrocytes is crucial for circuit dynamics animal behaviour. Recent advancements imaging, manipulation transcriptomics have revealed that exhibit spatiotemporally complex computations represent circuit‐specialised functions molecular makeups. However, understanding neuron–astrocyte circuitry by means of conventional anatomical methods hindered due to technical limitations. In this review, we highlight recently developed optical, genetic viral techniques enable high‐throughput identification connected pairs specificity. These approaches will accelerate functional dissections health disease future studies. image

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Abnormal Morphology and Synaptogenic Signaling in Astrocytes Following Prenatal Opioid Exposure DOI Creative Commons

Ethan B. Niebergall,

Daron Weekley,

Anna Mazur

et al.

Cells, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(10), P. 837 - 837

Published: May 14, 2024

In recent decades, there has been a dramatic rise in the rates of children being born after utero exposure to drugs abuse, particularly opioids. Opioids have shown detrimental effects on neurons and glia central nervous system (CNS), but impact prenatal opioid (POE) still-developing synaptic circuitry is largely unknown. Astrocytes exert powerful influence development, secreting factors either promote or inhibit synapse formation neuronal maturation developing CNS. Here, we investigated partial µ-opioid receptor agonist buprenorphine astrocyte synaptogenic signaling morphological development cortical cell culture. Acute treatment had no effect excitatory number astrocyte-free neuron cultures. conditions where shared culture media with astrocytes, attenuated capabilities astrocyte-secreted factors. Neurons cultured from drug-naïve mice showed change synapses when treated secreted by astrocytes POE mice. However, this same was applied mice, indicating complex neuroadaptive response event impaired signaling. addition promoting connectivity changes neurons, exerted strong disrupting their structural accumulation lipid droplets (LDs), suggestive maladaptive stress

Language: Английский

Citations

3
SAX-7/L1CAM acts with the adherens junction proteins MAGI-1, HMR-1/Cadherin, and AFD-1/Afadin to promote glial-mediated dendrite extension DOI Creative Commons
Elizabeth R. Cebul, Arthur Marivin,

Leland R. Wexler

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

Adherens junctions (AJs) are a fundamental organizing structure for multicellular life. Although AJs studied mainly in epithelia, their core function - stabilizing cell contacts by coupling adhesion molecules to the cytoskeleton is important diverse tissues. We find that two

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Mitochondrial fission controls astrocyte morphogenesis and organization in the cortex DOI Creative Commons

Maria Pia Rodriguez Salazar,

Sprihaa Kolanukuduru,

Valentina Ramirez

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 23, 2024

ABSTRACT Dysfunctional mitochondrial dynamics are a hallmark of devastating neurodevelopmental disorders such as childhood refractory epilepsy. However, the role glial mitochondria in proper brain development is not well understood. We show that astrocyte undergo extensive fission while populating distal branches during postnatal cortical development. Loss regulator, Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), decreases localization to processes, and this mislocalization reduces morphological complexity. Functionally, astrocyte-specific conditional deletion Drp1 induces reactivity disrupts organization cortex. These organizational deficits accompanied by loss astrocytic gap junction Connexin 43. findings uncover crucial for coordinating morphogenesis organization, revealing regulation critical step neurodevelopment. Summary During morphogenesis, decrease size populate processes. Drp1-mediated necessary peripheral process formation. Astrocyte-specific reactivity, dysregulates gap-junction 43 abundance.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Astrocyte-neuron crosstalk in neurodevelopmental disorders DOI Creative Commons
Gabrielle Séjourné, Çağla Eroğlu

Current Opinion in Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 89, P. 102925 - 102925

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Water-Soluble Lynx1 Upregulates Dendritic Spine Density and Stimulates Astrocytic Network and Signaling DOI
Ekaterina N. Lyukmanova, Alexander Kirichenko,

Dmitrii S. Kulbatskii

et al.

Molecular Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 20, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

1