Estimating and mapping ecological processes influencing microbial community assembly

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 6

Published: May 1, 2015

Ecological community assembly is governed by a combination of (i) selection resulting from among-taxa differences in performance; (ii) dispersal organismal movement; and (iii) ecological drift stochastic changes population sizes. The relative importance nature these processes can vary across environments. Selection be homogeneous or variable, while rate, we conceptualize extreme rates as two categories; limitation results limited exchange organisms among communities, homogenizing high levels organism exchange. To estimate the influence spatial variation each process extend recently developed statistical framework, use simulation model to evaluate accuracy extended framework examine subsurface microbial communities over geologic formations. For degree which it influenced selection, variable limitation, dispersal. Our analyses revealed that influences substantially even within formation. We further identify environmental features associated with process, allowed mapping ecological-process-influences. maps provide new lens through systems understood; system investigated here they was rate at redox conditions change depth.

Language: Английский

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Restoration through reassembly: plant traits and invasion resistance

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2008, Volume and Issue: 23(12), P. 695 - 703

Published: Oct. 25, 2008

Language: Английский

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A phylogenetic perspective on the distribution of plant diversity

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2008, Volume and Issue: 105(supplement_1), P. 11549 - 11555

Published: Aug. 12, 2008

Phylogenetic studies are revealing that major ecological niches more conserved through evolutionary history than expected, implying adaptations to climate changes have not readily been accomplished in all lineages. niche conservatism has important consequences for the assembly of both local communities and regional species pools from which these drawn. If corridors movement available, newly emerging environments will tend be filled by filter areas relevant already evolved, as opposed being situ evolution adaptations. Examples include intercontinental disjunctions tropical plants, spread plant lineages around Northern Hemisphere after cold tolerance, radiation northern alpine plants into Andes. These observations highlight role phylogenetic knowledge historical biogeography explanations global biodiversity patterns. They also implications future biodiversity.

Language: Английский

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Biodiversity and Climate Change: Integrating Evolutionary and Ecological Responses of Species and Communities

Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics, Journal Year: 2010, Volume and Issue: 41(1), P. 321 - 350

Published: Nov. 2, 2010

Today's scientists are facing the enormous challenge of predicting how climate change will affect species distributions and assemblages. To do so, ecologists widely using phenomenological models that mainly rely on concept niche generally ignore species' demography, adaptive potential, biotic interactions. This review examines potential role emerging synthetic discipline evolutionary community ecology in improving our understanding alter future distribution biodiversity. We theoretical empirical advances about evolution, interspecific interactions, their interplay altering geographic ranges assembly. discuss ways to integrate complex feedbacks between evolution ecological forecasting. also point at a number caveats eco-evolutionary consequences highlight several challenges for research.

Language: Английский

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Measuring biodiversity to explain community assembly: a unified approach

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2010, Volume and Issue: 86(4), P. 792 - 812

Published: Dec. 14, 2010

One of the oldest challenges in ecology is to understand processes that underpin composition communities. Historically, an obvious way which describe community compositions has been diversity terms number and abundances species. However, failure reject contradictory models led communities now being characterized by trait phylogenetic diversities. Our objective here demonstrate how species, can be combined together from large local spatial scales reveal historical, deterministic stochastic impact Research this area recently advanced development mathematical measures incorporate dissimilarities relatedness between have developed independently conversely most measures. This semantic confusions particularly when classical ecological evolutionary approaches are integrated so closely together. Consequently, we propose a unified framework importance links among indices. Furthermore, indices differ ways they used across different scales. The connections large-scale, regional allow consideration historical factors addition or processes. Phylogenetic large-scale analyses determine and/or environmental affect both formation species assemblages patterns richness latitude elevation gradients. Both at identify relative impacts such as filtering limiting similarity alternative random speciation extinction, dispersal drift. Measures combine phenotypic genetic potential that, comparative way, structures essential details might act simultaneously assembly We highlight directions for future research. These include variation alters with distances, role global-scale gradients, traits phylogeny, rarity independent history assembly, loss due human impacts, developments biodiversity including within-species variations.

Language: Английский

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Phylogenetic beta diversity: linking ecological and evolutionary processes across space in time

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2008, Volume and Issue: 11(12), P. 1265 - 1277

Published: Oct. 13, 2008

Abstract A key challenge in ecological research is to integrate data from different scales evaluate the and evolutionary mechanisms that influence current patterns of biological diversity. We build on recent attempts incorporate phylogenetic information into traditional diversity analyses existing beta community ecology. Phylogenetic (phylobetadiversity) measures distance among communities as such allows us connect local processes, biotic interactions environmental filtering, with more regional processes including trait evolution speciation. When combined diversity, gradient or niche modelling, phylobetadiversity can provide significant novel insights underlying

Language: Английский

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Emerging patterns in the comparative analysis of phylogenetic community structure

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2008, Volume and Issue: 18(4), P. 572 - 592

Published: Nov. 25, 2008

The analysis of the phylogenetic structure communities can help reveal contemporary ecological interactions, as well link community ecology with biogeography and study character evolution. number studies employing this broad approach has increased to point where comparison their results now be used highlight successes deficiencies in approach, detect emerging patterns organization. We review different major taxa trophic levels, across spatial scales, using metrics null models. Twenty-three 39 (59%) find evidence for clustering communities, but terrestrial and/or plant systems are heavily over-represented among published studies. Experimental investigations, although uncommon at present, hold promise unravelling mechanisms underlying observed surveys. discuss relationship between tree balance explore various biases taxonomy pitfalls scale. Finally, we look beyond one-dimensional towards multivariate descriptors that better capture variety behaviours likely exhibited species hundreds millions years independent

Language: Английский

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Advances, challenges and a developing synthesis of ecological community assembly theory

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2011, Volume and Issue: 366(1576), P. 2403 - 2413

Published: July 18, 2011

Ecological approaches to community assembly have emphasized the interplay between neutral processes, niche-based environmental filtering and species sorting in an interactive milieu. Recently, progress has been made terms of aligning our vocabulary with conceptual advances, assessing how trait-based functional parameters differ from expectation traits vary along gradients. Experiments confirmed influence these processes on addressed role dispersal shaping local assemblages. Community phylogenetics forged common ground ecologists biogeographers, but it is not a proxy for approaches. theory need comparative synthesis that addresses relative importance niche varies among taxa, gradients, across scales. Towards goal, we suggest set probably confer increasing neutrality regionality review influences stress, disturbance scale assembly. We advocate complexity experiments order assess multiple processes. As example, provide evidence dispersal, trait interdependencies about equal experimental grassland.

Language: Английский

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Functional trait and phylogenetic tests of community assembly across spatial scales in an Amazonian forest

Ecological Monographs, Journal Year: 2010, Volume and Issue: 80(3), P. 401 - 422

Published: June 22, 2010

Despite a long history of the study tropical forests, uncertainty about importance different ecological processes in shaping tree species distributions persists. Trait‐ and phylogenetic‐based tests community assembly provide powerful way to detect but have seldom been applied same community. Both methods are well suited testing how relative changes with spatial scale. Here we apply both Yasuní Forest Dynamics Plot, 25‐ha Amazonian forest >1100 species. We found evidence for habitat filtering from trait phylogenetic small (25 m 2 ) intermediate (10 000 scales. Trait‐based detected even spacing strategies, pattern consistent niche partitioning or enemy‐mediated density dependence, at smaller scales (25–400 ). Simulation modeling suggests that low statistical power traits larger may contribute observed patterns. Trait tended identify areas as being subject filtering. Phylogenetic tests, which far less data‐intensive than trait‐based methods, captured much patterns by often failed even‐spacing apparent data. Taken together, it appears associations differentiation shape co‐occurrence one most diverse forests world range

Language: Английский

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Inferring community assembly mechanisms from functional diversity patterns: the importance of multiple assembly processes

Journal of Ecology, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 100(3), P. 652 - 661

Published: Jan. 4, 2012

Summary 1. Many studies of community assembly focus on two mechanisms: environmental filtering and competitive interactions. This ignores the importance other processes such as equalizing fitness facilitation. The contribution different to can be elucidated by examining functional diversity patterns traits that differ in their processes. 2. In alpine tundra, we explored trait along a stress–resource gradient varied productivity, nitrogen availability soil moisture. We explore whether is low abiotic stressful environments increases more benign competition becomes important, if facilitation affect diversity. calculated community‐weighted mean values for specific leaf area (SLA), area, stomatal conductance, plant height chlorophyll content well multivariate phylogenetic 3. At level, increased at both ends gradient: high resource was associated with greater lower SLA, content. As result this trade‐off among traits, did not change across gradient. Phylogenetic increasing availability. 4. find evidence least three Abiotic wind cold exposure may reduce end Also availability, suggests below‐ground resources. resource‐rich gradient, light or 5. Synthesis : Our results suggest multiple (abiotic filtering, above‐ground competition, competition) operate simultaneously structure communities These would obscured single index are only evident analysing individual traits.

Language: Английский

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