Effectiveness of Early Time-Restricted Eating for Weight Loss, Fat Loss, and Cardiometabolic Health in Adults With Obesity

JAMA Internal Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 182(9), P. 953 - 953

Published: Aug. 8, 2022

Importance

It is unclear how effective intermittent fasting for losing weight and body fat, the effects may depend on timing of eating window. This randomized trial compared time-restricted (TRE) with over a period 12 or more hours while matching weight-loss counseling across groups.

Objective

To determine whether practicing TRE by early in day (eTRE) loss, fat cardiometabolic health than hours.

Design, Setting, Participants

The study was 14-week, parallel-arm, clinical conducted between August 2018 April 2020. Participants were adults aged 25 to 75 years obesity who received treatment through Weight Loss Medicine Clinic at University Alabama Birmingham Hospital.

Interventions

All participants (energy restriction [ER]) eTRE plus ER (8-hour window from 7:00 15:00) control (CON) (≥12-hour window).

Main Outcomes Measures

co–primary outcomes loss loss. Secondary included blood pressure, heart rate, glucose levels, insulin plasma lipid levels.

Results

Ninety enrolled (mean [SD] mass index, 39.6 [6.7]; age, 43 [11] years; 72 [80%] female). eTRE+ER group adhered 6.0 (0.8) days per week. intervention (−2.3 kg; 95% CI, −3.7 −0.9 kg;P = .002) but did not affect (−1.4 −2.9 0.2 .09) ratio (−4.2%; −14.9 6.5%;P .43). equivalent reducing calorie intake an additional 214 kcal/d. also improved diastolic pressure (−4 mm Hg; −8 0 Hg;P .04) mood disturbances, including fatigue-inertia, vigor-activity, depression-dejection. other risk factors, food intake, physical activity, sleep similar In secondary analysis 59 completers, trunk CON+ER.

Conclusions Relevance

this trial, improving 14 weeks.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:NCT03459703

Language: Английский

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Role of chronotype in dietary intake, meal timing, and obesity: a systematic review

Nutrition Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 81(1), P. 75 - 90

Published: June 30, 2022

Recent studies show that dietary habits and obesity seem to be influenced by chronotype, which reflects an individual's preference for the timing of sleeping, eating, activity in a 24-hour period.This review aimed analyze association chronotype with habits, namely energy macronutrient intakes, meal timing, eating patterns, as well obesity.PubMed/MEDLINE, LILACS, Google Scholar databases were searched between 2004 2020. Study selection was performed 2 authors independently; disagreements on eligibility articles resolved third author. After assessment 12 060 abstracts, 43 (21 obesity; 13 food consumption, patterns; 9 addressed both behavior) included.A standard form used extract study design, country, number participants, method determination, main findings.Approximately 95% included showed eveningness at least 1 unhealthy habit. Morningness associated regular consumption fresh minimally processed foods. In addition, about 47% higher late types obesity.Late are more likely present such night, skipping breakfast often, processed/ultraprocessed foods, while early have healthy protective predominantly fresh/minimally Intermediate tend pattern health similar than types. Late also weight body mass index or intermediate types.PROSPERO registration no. CRD42021256078.

Language: Английский

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Intermittent fasting plus early time-restricted eating versus calorie restriction and standard care in adults at risk of type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial

Nature Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(4), P. 963 - 972

Published: April 1, 2023

Language: Английский

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Chrono-Nutrition: Circadian Rhythm and Personalized Nutrition

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(3), P. 2571 - 2571

Published: Jan. 29, 2023

The human circadian system has a period of approximately 24 h and studies on the consequences “chornodisruption” have greatly expanded. Lifestyle environmental factors modern societies (i.e., artificial lighting, jetlag, shift work, around-the-clock access to energy-dense food) can induce disruptions thereby adversely affect individual health. Growing evidence demonstrates complex reciprocal relationship between metabolism system, in which perturbations one other one. From nutritional genomics perspective, genetic variants clock genes both influence metabolic health modify response diet. Moreover, an interplay rhythm, gut microbiome, epigenome been demonstrated, with diet turn able modulate this link suggesting remarkable plasticity underlying mechanisms. In view, study impact timing eating by matching elements from research chrono-biology, that is, chrono-nutrition, could significant implications for personalized nutrition terms reducing prevalence burden chronic diseases. This review provides overview current interactions nutrition, highlighting how microbiome. addition, possible strategies manage circadian-aligned feeding are suggested.

Language: Английский

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Chrononutrition patterns and their association with body weight: Differences across multiple chronotypes

Endocrinología Diabetes y Nutrición (English ed ), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 72(1), P. 4 - 13

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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The circadian system, sleep, and the health/disease balance: a conceptual review

Journal of Sleep Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 31(4)

Published: June 7, 2022

Summary The field of “circadian medicine” is a recent addition to chronobiology and sleep research efforts. It represents logical step arising from the increasing insights into circadian system its interactions with life in urbanised societies; applying these health/disease balance at home medical practice (outpatient) clinic (inpatient). Despite fast expansion proliferating efforts, medicine lacks formal framework categorise many observations describing among system, sleep, balance. A good allows us then assign them one or more components hypothesised interactions. Such assignments can lead experiments that document causal (rather than correlational) relationships move discovering mechanisms. This review details such proposed for will hopefully trigger discussion our colleagues, so be improved expanded. As basis medicine, we define health” how it links general health. We put context literature examples six domains balance: fertility, cancer, immune mental health, cardiovascular, metabolism.

Language: Английский

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Research gaps and opportunities in precision nutrition: an NIH workshop report

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 116(6), P. 1877 - 1900

Published: Aug. 30, 2022

Language: Английский

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The Impact of Meal Timing on Risk of Weight Gain and Development of Obesity: a Review of the Current Evidence and Opportunities for Dietary Intervention

Current Diabetes Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 22(4), P. 147 - 155

Published: April 1, 2022

Abstract Purpose of Review The aim this short review is to provide an updated commentary on the current literature examining impact meal timing obesity and weight gain in adults. potential mechanisms, including novel emerging factors, behind food intake across 24-h period development obesity, dietary strategies manipulating ameliorate are also explored. Recent Findings Dietary patterns that feature outside regular daytime hours can contribute circadian disruption as metabolised opposition internal daily rhythms feedback timekeeping mechanisms setting these rhythms. Epidemiological evidence late beginning suggest eating at night increases risk over time. Mechanisms contributing include changes efficiency metabolism day, dysregulation appetite hormone gut microbiota by mis-timed meals. Summary When meals eaten, relation time increasingly considered importance when implementing change order address growing burden although further research required determine optimal patterns.

Language: Английский

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Association of Timing of Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity With Changes in Glycemic Control Over 4 Years in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes From the Look AHEAD Trial

Diabetes Care, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 46(7), P. 1417 - 1424

Published: May 25, 2023

OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine the association of time-of-day bout-related moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (bMVPA) with changes in glycemic control across 4 years adults overweight/obesity and type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Among 2,416 participants (57% women; mean age, 59 years) 7-day waist-worn accelerometry recording at year 1 or 4, we assigned bMVPA timing groups based on participants’ temporal distribution recategorized them 4. The time-varying exposure (≥10-min bout) was defined as ≥50% occurring during same time period (morning, midday, afternoon, evening), <50% any (mixed), ≤1 day per week (inactive). RESULTS HbA1c reduction varied among (P = 0.02), independent weekly volume intensity. afternoon group had greatest versus inactive (−0.22% [95%CI −0.39%, −0.06%]), magnitude which 30–50% larger than other groups. odds discontinuation maintaining initiating glucose-lowering medications differed by 0.04). highest (odds ratio 2.13 [95% CI 1.29, 3.52]). For all year-4 groups, there were no significant between CONCLUSIONS performed is associated improvements diabetes, especially within initial 12 months an intervention. Experimental studies are needed examine causality.

Language: Английский

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Time Restricted Eating: A Valuable Alternative to Calorie Restriction for Addressing Obesity?

Current Obesity Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

Language: Английский

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