Emerging mechanisms of obesity-associated immune dysfunction

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(3), P. 136 - 148

Published: Dec. 21, 2023

Language: Английский

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Western diets and chronic diseases

Nature Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(8), P. 2133 - 2147

Published: July 31, 2024

Language: Английский

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Perspective: Challenges for Personalized Nutrition in the Current U.S. Regulatory Framework and Future Opportunities

Advances in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100382 - 100382

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) and Survival in Pancreatic Cancer: A Retrospective Study

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 509 - 509

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

Introduction: Malnutrition is a major contributor to poor treatment and survival outcomes in pancreatic cancer, yet nutritional assessment not standardized or consistently implemented the care of oncology patients. The Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI), calculated from serum albumin body weight, may be useful as practical tool for identifying patients at risk status. Purpose: To provide preliminary analysis using limited selection variables examine association GNRI diagnosis change over time with overall cancer. Methods: This retrospective study included 314 aged ≥18 years was ≥30 days later. Patients were categorized by (no >98, any ≤98) change/increase, mild decrease, severe decrease). Additional demographics stage. Comparative t-tests, chi-square tests, ANOVA. Survival analyzed Kaplan–Meier curves, log-rank Cox proportional hazards modeling. Results: Median significantly decreased any-nutritional-risk group compared no-nutritional-risk (442 vs. 1105 days), those experiencing decreases scores no increases (372.5 712 1791 respectively. stratified shows that both (HR 2.19, 95%, CI 1.46–3.30) 4.04, 2.64–6.18) independently associated versus increase after controlling Log-rank tests also show had lower than (p = 0.00052). Conclusions: Lower showing greater decreasing predictors Our findings indicate valid effective early identification high who require interventions improve However, more research needed larger samples variety confirm presence strength this relationship, effect patient factors known nutrition, explore potential influential confounders.

Language: Английский

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Personalized nutrition: perspectives on challenges, opportunities, and guiding principles for data use and fusion

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 18

Published: Feb. 5, 2025

Personalized nutrition (PN) delivers tailored dietary guidance by integrating health, lifestyle, and behavioral data to improve individual health outcomes. Recent technological advances have enhanced access diverse sources, yet challenges remain in collecting, integrating, analyzing complex datasets. To address these, the Nutrition Initiative at Illinois organized a workshop titled "Personalized Data: Challenges & Opportunities," which gathered experts explore three essential domains PN: 1) biological, 2) social, behavioral, environmental, 3) consumer purchasing data. Discussions underscored importance of cross-disciplinary collaboration standardize collection, enable secure sharing, develop fusion techniques that respect privacy build trust. Participants emphasized need for representative datasets include underserved populations, ensuring PN services are accessible equitable. Key principles responsible integration were proposed, alongside strategies overcome barriers effective use. By addressing these challenges, can enhance outcomes through precise, personalized recommendations population needs.

Language: Английский

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Precision Nutrition: The Hype Is Exceeding the Science and Evidentiary Standards Needed to Inform Public Health Recommendations for Prevention of Chronic Disease

Annual Review of Nutrition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 43(1), P. 385 - 407

Published: Aug. 21, 2023

As dietary guidance for populations shifts from preventing deficiency disorders to chronic disease risk reduction, the biology supporting such becomes more complex due multifactorial profile of and inherent population heterogeneity in diet–disease relationship. Diet is a primary driver risk, population-based should account individual responses. Cascading effects on evidentiary standards are not straightforward. Precision remains consideration prevent through identification subgroups with unique nutritional needs. Reducing diet requires greater precision ( a) establishing essential nutrient needs throughout life cycle both health disease; b) considering nutrients other food substances metabolic, immunological, inflammatory, physiological responses healthy aging; c) eating behaviors. Herein we provide template guiding recommendations reducing diseases heterogenous populations.

Language: Английский

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Unveiling the dynamics of gut microbial interactions: a review of dietary impact and precision nutrition in gastrointestinal health

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: May 30, 2024

The human microbiome, a dynamic ecosystem within the gastrointestinal tract, plays pivotal role in shaping overall health. This review delves into six interconnected sections, unraveling intricate relationship between diet, gut microbiota, and their profound impact on dance of nutrients orchestrates complex symphony, influencing digestive processes susceptibility to disorders. Emphasizing bidirectional communication brain, Brain-Gut Axis section highlights crucial dietary choices physical, mental, emotional well-being. Autoimmune diseases, particularly those manifesting reveal delicate balance disrupted by microbiome imbalances. Strategies for reconciling microbes through diets, precision nutrition, clinical indications showcase promising avenues managing distress revolutionizing healthcare. From Low-FODMAP diet neuro-gut interventions, these strategies provide holistic understanding gut’s world. Precision as groundbreaking discipline, holds transformative potential tailoring recommendations individual microbiota compositions, reshaping landscape Recent advancements indications, including exact probiotics, fecal transplantation, signify new era where actively participates therapeutic strategies. As takes center stage healthcare, paradigm shift toward personalized effective treatments disorders emerges, reflecting symbiotic body its microbial companions.

Language: Английский

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Perspective: A Comprehensive Evaluation of Data Quality in Nutrient Databases

Advances in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 379 - 391

Published: Feb. 25, 2023

Nutrient databases are a critical component of nutrition science and the basis exciting new research in precision (PN). To identify most components needed for improvement nutrient databases, food composition data were analyzed quality, with completeness being important measure, FAIRness, how well conformed criteria findable, accessible, interoperable, reusable (FAIR). Databases judged complete if they provided all 15 fact panel (NFP) measures 40 National Academies Sciences, Engineering, Medicine (NASEM) essential each listed. Using gold standard USDA reference (SR) Legacy database as surrogate, it was found that SR not either NFP or NASEM measures. In addition, phytonutrient 4 Special Interest incomplete. evaluate set 175 sources collected from worldwide. Many opportunities identified improving including creating persistent URLs, prioritizing usable storage formats, providing Globally Unique Identifiers foods nutrients, implementing citation standards. This review demonstrates despite contributions others, their current forms do yet provide truly comprehensive data. We propose to enhance quality usage scientists those fashioning various PN tools, field must step out its historical comfort zone improve foundational used by incorporating principles, central FAIRness.

Language: Английский

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Best Time of Day for Strength and Endurance Training to Improve Health and Performance? A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis

Sports Medicine - Open, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: May 19, 2023

Current recommendations for physical exercise include information about the frequency, intensity, type, and duration of exercise. However, to date, there are no on what time day one should The aim was perform a systematic review with meta-analysis investigate if training in intervention studies influences degree improvements performance or health-related outcomes. databases EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, SPORTDiscus were searched from inception January 2023. Eligibility criteria that conducted structured endurance and/or strength minimum two sessions per week at least 2 weeks compared between different times using randomized crossover parallel group design. From 14,125 screened articles, 26 articles included which seven also meta-analyses. Both qualitative synthesis quantitative (i.e., meta-analysis) provide little evidence against hypothesis specific leads more performance-related outcomes other times. There some is benefit when testing occur same day, mainly Overall, risk bias most high. current state research provides neither nor being beneficial, but larger effects congruency This improve design execution future this topic. PROSPERO (CRD42021246468).

Language: Английский

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Qualitative systems mapping in promoting physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness: Perspectives and recommendations

Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 83, P. 43 - 48

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

Language: Английский

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