Sprouts and Microgreens: Trends, Opportunities, and Horizons for Novel Research

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10(9), P. 1424 - 1424

Published: Sept. 19, 2020

Sprouts and microgreens have attracted tremendous interest across multiple disciplines in recent years. Here, we critically review the most advances to underscore research prospects niches, related challenges, not yet addressed or fully pursued. In particular, report a number of themes that merit special attention as result their relevance plant science, nutrition, health, zootechnics: (1) species inadequately investigated, such wild plants, fruit tree strains; (2) abiotic biotic factors, biostimulants, for elicitation strategies metabolic engineering; (3) sanitization processing technologies obtain high-quality products; (4) digestive fate impact bioactive elements, antinutrients, allergens on human nutrition; (5) experimental challenges researching health benefits; (6) opportunity generate natural product libraries drug discovery; (7) sprouts animal feeding improve both nutritional value products diet. The convergence different involving interdisciplinary competencies advocate fascinating pursuits, example, variants collections identification selection chemicals with role nutraceuticals, key constituents functional foods, interactive partners specific drugs.

Language: Английский

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Virtual screening web servers: designing chemical probes and drug candidates in the cyberspace

Briefings in Bioinformatics, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 22(2), P. 1790 - 1818

Published: Feb. 25, 2020

The interplay between life sciences and advancing technology drives a continuous cycle of chemical data growth; these are most often stored in open or partially databases. In parallel, many different types algorithms being developed to manipulate objects associated bioactivity data. Virtual screening methods among the popular computational approaches pharmaceutical research. Today, user-friendly web-based tools available help scientists perform virtual experiments. This article provides an overview internet resources enabling supporting biology early drug discovery with main emphasis on web servers dedicated ligand small-molecule docking. survey first introduces some key concepts then presents recent easily accessible related target-fishing as well briefly discusses case studies enabled by services. Notwithstanding further improvements, already not only contribute design bioactive molecules assist repositioning but also generate new ideas explore hypotheses timely fashion while contributing teaching field development.

Language: Английский

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Drug Combination in Cancer Treatment—From Cocktails to Conjugated Combinations

Cancers, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 669 - 669

Published: Feb. 7, 2021

It is well recognized today that anticancer drugs often are most effective when used in combination. However, the establishment of chemotherapy as key modality clinical oncology began with sporadic discoveries chemicals showed antiproliferative properties and which a first attempt were single agents. In this review we describe development from its origins drug treatment cytotoxic agents to polydrug therapy includes targeted drugs. We discuss limitations chemotherapeutic motivation for combined standard practice spite concerns about frequent severe, dose limiting toxicities. Next, introduce concept advancement within broader field small-molecule combination cancer accelerating progress was boosted by recent scientific technological progresses. Finally, an alternative strategy combinations using drug-conjugates selective delivery tumor cells potentiates future improvement treatment. Overall, outline pharmacological perspective, early stages modern concepts therapies combinational

Language: Английский

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A comparative pharmaco-metabolomic study of glutaminase inhibitors in glioma stem-like cells confirms biological effectiveness but reveals differences in target-specificity

Cell Death Discovery, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: April 16, 2020

Abstract Cancer cells upregulate anabolic processes to maintain high rates of cellular turnover. Limiting the supply macromolecular precursors by targeting enzymes involved in biosynthesis is a promising strategy cancer therapy. Several tumors excessively metabolize glutamine generate for nonessential amino acids, nucleotides, and lipids, process called glutaminolysis. Here we show that pharmacological inhibition glutaminase (GLS) eradicates glioblastoma stem-like (GSCs), small cell subpopulation (GBM) responsible therapy resistance tumor recurrence. Treatment with molecule inhibitors compound 968 CB839 effectively diminished growth vitro clonogenicity GSC neurosphere cultures. However, our pharmaco-metabolic studies revealed only inhibited GLS enzymatic activity thereby limiting influx derivates into TCA cycle. Nevertheless, effects both were highly specific, since treatment sensitivity markedly correlated protein expression. Strikingly, found overexpressed models as compared neural stem (NSC). Moreover, study demonstrates usefulness pharmaco-metabolomics score target specificity compounds refining drug development risk assessment.

Language: Английский

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Big data: Historic advances and emerging trends in biomedical research

Current Research in Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 4, P. 138 - 151

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Big data is transforming biomedical research by integrating massive amounts of from laboratory experiments, clinical investigations, healthcare records, and the internet things. Specifically, increasing rate at which information obtained omics technologies (genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, pharmacogenomics) providing an opportunity for future advances in personalized medicine that are paving way to improved patient care. The recent profoundly contributing big biomedicine anticipated aid disease diagnosis care management. Herein, we critically review major computational techniques, algorithms, their outcomes have contributed generated various complex human diseases, such as cancer infectious diseases. Finally, discuss trends field directions must be considered advance influence on its translation industry.

Language: Английский

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Unrealized targets in the discovery of antibiotics for Gram-negative bacterial infections

Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(12), P. 957 - 975

Published: Oct. 13, 2023

Language: Английский

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Artificial intelligence enabled ChatGPT and large language models in drug target discovery, drug discovery, and development

Molecular Therapy — Nucleic Acids, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33, P. 866 - 868

Published: Aug. 28, 2023

Drug discovery has been revolutionized recently by different computational approaches like artificial intelligence (AI), deep learning (DL), and quantum mechanical methods. development was a prolonged process previously. Developing one small-molecular drug might take 15 years on average, costing around US $2 billion. A paradigm shift noted in using technologies during the past few years.1Sadybekov A.V. Katritch V. Computational streamlining discovery.Nature. 2023; 616: 673-685Crossref PubMed Scopus (3) Google Scholar,2Gorgulla C. Jayaraj A. Fackeldey K. Arthanari H. Emerging frontiers virtual discovery: From methods to approaches.Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 2022; 69102156Crossref (4) Scholar Biotech-based companies developed their new business models guided molecular modeling techniques with AI DL for "small-molecule hit generation" "hit lead generation."3Jayatunga M.K.P. Xie W. Ruder L. Schulze U. Meier small-molecule coming wave?.Nat. Rev. Discov. 21: 175-176Crossref (25) Scholar,4Chakraborty S. Chopra Akash Chakraborty Dhama Artificial (AI) paving critical role discovery, designing studying drug-drug interactions - Correspondence.Int. J. Surg. : 10-97Google In this direction, computational-guided ultra-large physics-based screening have used discovery.2Gorgulla All these reduce cost time of early stages. Therefore, biotech rely entirely approaches, especially AI, search drugs. These look at picky algorithms boost businesses. scenario, AI-enabled ChatGPT or large language (LLMs) are addition landscape. During researchers applied several methods, such as library design, high-throughput screening, structure-based identify small molecules. Structure-based design is significant technique that provides us better understanding interaction therapeutic molecules target.5Chakraborty Sekhar Roy Hsu C.-H. Wen Z.-H. Lin C.-S. Network building proteins biochemical pathway: biology related model target drug-design.Curr. Bioinform. 2010; 5: 290-295Crossref Scholar,6Chakraborty Doss C G.P. Chen Zhu Evaluating protein-protein (PPI) networks diseases pathway, drug-design 'in silico pharmacology.Curr. Protein Pept. Sci. 2014; 15: 561-571Crossref (14) Scholar,7Purushotham D. Ganguly Targeting Catechol-O-Methyl Transferase (COMT) Inhibitors Schizophrenia: An Approach Target Validation Rational Design.Lett. Des. 2011; 8: 246-252Crossref (1) area, potential first step essential trigger diseases.8Haley B. Roudnicky F. Functional Genomics Cancer Discovery.Cancer Cell. 2020; 38: 31-43Abstract Full Text PDF (35) For recent "omics" perspective helps initiative.9Paananen Fortino omics platforms.Brief. 1937-1953Crossref (66) LLMs also helping process. Savage explained news article Nature Biotechnology help initial information specific disease, which may be validated subsequently. illustrated v.4 plug-in can helpful further discovery.10Savage N. customizing ChatGPT: here's how.Nat. Biotechnol. 41: 585-586Crossref Such an platform protein-based discovery. derived will understand structure proteins, structural domain protein, drug-binding pocket, active site target, etc. (Figure 1A). Recently, Zhao Wu described how accelerate execute idea innovative They discussed LLM provide blueprint compounds structures. It predict features drug, pharmacodynamics (PD), pharmacokinetics (PK), toxicity molecule 1B).11Zhao Y. Future implications pharmaceutical industry: development.Front. Pharmacol. 141194216Crossref (0) development. ChatGPT-derived pieces move more quickly. At same time, it industry develop drugs benefit patients. Sharma Thakur assist computing assortment compound, converting smiles structure, creating input files Gaussian software, generating docking, finding PDB files, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, (ADMET) properties drug. Similarly, optimizing assessing toxicity. This tool early-stage although experimental validation required.12Sharma G. discovery.ChemRxiv. (Preprint at)https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv-2023-qgs3kCrossref Serious consequences found from (DDIs) DDI study parameters being well-being Juhi et al. explored capacity explain DDIs. The analyzed 40 pairs previously listed DDIs two-stage question. question, they answer incorrect among pairs. 19 were conclusive 20 inconclusive correct answers. concluded efficient evaluating Patients should use obtain about DDIs.13Juhi Pipil Santra Mondal Behera J.K. Capability Predicting Explaining Common Drug-Drug Interactions.Cureus. 15e36272Google Presently, repurposing area COVID-19 pandemic, repurposed against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).14Saha R.P. A.R. Singh M.K. Samanta Bhakta Mandal Bhattacharya M. Lee S.S. Repurposing Drugs, Ongoing Vaccine, New Therapeutic Development Initiatives Against COVID-19.Front. 11: 1258Crossref (82) Scholar,15Hossain M.S. Hami I. Sawrav M.S.S. Rabbi M.F. Saha O. Bahadur N.M. Rahaman M.M. Prevention Treatment COVID-19: Clinical Landscape.Discoveries. e121Crossref Scholar,16Chakraborty Agoramoorthy Trials Provide Very Effective Combinations: Lessons Learned Major Studies.Front. 2021; 12704205Crossref (51) Since then, important BioXcel Therapeutics, US-based biopharmaceutical company, trying immuno-oncology neuroscience medicines. Therapeutics therapeutics AI. However, company considering pick candidates.10Savage Several people talked domain-specific next-generation ChatGPT, error free users information.17Pal Domain-Specific Next-Generation Large Language Model (LLM) Required Biomedical Engineering Research.Ann. Biomed. Eng. 1-4Google Liang named "DrugChat." analyze compound ChatGPT-like furnish graphs. works similarly ChatGPT. comprises three main components: LLM, graph neural network (GNN), adaptor. DrugChat trained vast number datasets, contain 10,834 compounds.18Liang Zhang R. P. DrugChat: towards enabling capabilities graphs.TechRxiv. at)https://doi.org/10.36227/techrxiv.22945922.v1Crossref other vital analyses research, genetic protein data representation text form. represented form amenable natural processing (NLP) facilitated. Using LLMs, Madani special "ProGen," generate sequences. specialized 280 million sequences diverse families (about 19,000).19Madani Krause Greene E.R. Subramanian Mohr B.P. Holton J.M. Olmos Jr., J.L. Xiong Sun Z.Z. Socher al.Large functional across families.Nat. 1099-1106Crossref (29) Scholar,20Thirunavukarasu A.J. Ting D.S.J. Elangovan Gutierrez Tan T.F. D.S.W. medicine.Nat. Med. 1930-1940Crossref AI-based research cell its Heck could 70 kDa heat-shock information. applications ChatGPT's design.21Heck T.G. What knows heat shock we face era.Cell Stress Chaperones. 28: 225-229Crossref entrance into field Different biotechnology already discoveries, finally patients soon. authors confirm supporting findings available within article.

Language: Английский

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A Comprehensive Review of Artificial Intelligence Approaches in Omics Data Processing: Evaluating Progress and Challenges

International Journal of Mathematics Statistics and Computer Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2, P. 114 - 167

Published: Dec. 25, 2023

The primary objective of this study is to review and assess the best available research on omics-related artificial intelligence (AI) methods. Furthermore, it seeks demonstrate promise AI approaches in omics data analysis identify critical problems that must be solved achieve potential fully. There are many moving parts when trying make sense a plethora through literature review. Essential components include, for instance, clinical applications collections. Other researchers have faced challenges, existing highlights them. Using systematic strategy, we searched all relevant articles utilizing multiple keyword variations. We also seek additional research, such as guidelines, studies comparison, studies. Challenges with AI, preprocessing, datasets, validation models, testbed arose was used analyze data. To solve these problems, several pertinent investigations were carried out. Our work offers unique insights into intersection model fields, setting apart from prior articles. anticipate practitioners seeking an all-encompassing perspective using processing would find study's findings invaluable.

Language: Английский

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Cellular signaling pathways as plastic, proto-cognitive systems: Implications for biomedicine

Patterns, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 4(5), P. 100737 - 100737

Published: April 26, 2023

Many aspects of health and disease are modeled using the abstraction a "pathway"—a set protein or other subcellular activities with specified functional linkages between them. This metaphor is paradigmatic case deterministic, mechanistic framework that focuses biomedical intervention strategies on altering members this network up-/down-regulation links them—rewiring molecular hardware. However, pathways transcriptional networks exhibit interesting unexpected capabilities such as trainability (memory) information processing in context-sensitive manner. Specifically, they may be amenable to manipulation via their history stimuli (equivalent experiences behavioral science). If true, would enable new class interventions target dynamic physiological "software" implemented by gene-regulatory networks. Here, we briefly review clinical laboratory data show how high-level cognitive inputs pathway modulation interact determine outcomes vivo. Further, propose an expanded view from perspective basal cognition argue broader understanding process contextual across scales will catalyze progress many areas physiology neurobiology. We fuller functionality tractability must go beyond focus details drug structure encompass well embedding within higher levels organization organism, numerous implications for science addressing disease. Exploiting tools concepts sciences explore proto-cognitive underlying more than philosophical stance biochemical processes; at stake roadmap overcoming limitations today's pharmacological inferring future therapeutic wide range states.

Language: Английский

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Integration of pan-omics technologies and three-dimensional in vitro tumor models: an approach toward drug discovery and precision medicine

Molecular Cancer, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: March 9, 2024

Abstract Despite advancements in treatment protocols, cancer is one of the leading cause deaths worldwide. Therefore, there a need to identify newer and personalized therapeutic targets along with screening technologies combat cancer. With advent pan-omics technologies, such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, lipidomics, scientific community has witnessed an improved molecular metabolomic understanding various diseases, including In addition, three-dimensional (3-D) disease models have been efficiently utilized for pathophysiology tools drug discovery. An integrated approach utilizing 3-D vitro tumor led intricate network encompassing signalling pathways cross-talk solid tumors. present review, we underscore current trends omics highlight their role genotypic-phenotypic co-relation respect models. We further discuss challenges associated provide our outlook on future applications these discovery precision medicine management Graphical

Language: Английский

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