Intrinsic Noise Improves Speech Recognition in a Computational Model of the Auditory Pathway

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: June 8, 2022

Noise is generally considered to harm information processing performance. However, in the context of stochastic resonance, noise has been shown improve signal detection weak sub- threshold signals, and it proposed that brain might actively exploit this phenomenon. Especially within auditory system, recent studies suggest intrinsic plays a key role even correspond increased spontaneous neuronal firing rates observed early stages stem cortex after hearing loss. Here we present computational model pathway based on deep neural network, trained speech recognition. We simulate different levels loss investigate effect noise. Remarkably, recognition actually improves with additional This surprising result indicates not only play crucial human processing, but be beneficial for contemporary machine learning approaches.

Language: Английский

---

Statistical Machine-Learning Methods to Model Brain Plasticity

Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 20, 2025

Abstract This chapter discusses statistical machine-learning (ML) approaches to model brain plasticity, which involves complex changes in the due natural or induced causes. The highlights various advantages that ML models have compared with traditional of plasticity. Since plasticity can be analyzed at levels granularity, this several starting some examples most traditionally studied, is, visual and motor control systems synaptic for memory throughout mammalian neocortex. Then are discussed contexts scales, including main aspects considered multiscale modeling, specific information about neuron level, cortical column, as a result development. Following this, modeling plasticity’s effect on higher-level cognitive functions, specifically those related behavior, cognition, learning, decision making, intelligence, memory. Plasticity when it results from trauma damage is then reviewed. concludes by reviewing open research questions future directions

Language: Английский

---

Valve Internal Leakage Signal Enhancement Method Based on the Search and Rescue Team–Coupled Multi-Stable Stochastic Resonance Algorithm

Applied Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(7), P. 3865 - 3865

Published: April 1, 2025

The leakage signal of the hydraulic valve is a weak, nonlinear, and non-periodic that easily overpowered by background noise from surroundings. To address this issue, Search Rescue Team (SaRT) algorithm was introduced to adaptive coupled stochastic resonance, new signal-enhancement method based on SaRT for multi-stable resonance (CMSR) proposed enhancing valve-leakage vibration signals. Initially, employs rescaling technique preprocess signal, thereby transforming fault into small-parameter signal. Subsequently, mutual correlation gain utilized as an measure function optimize parameters system. Ultimately, output solved fourth-order Runge–Kutta method. This study validated using sinusoidal signals check valve. results demonstrate all CMSR require optimization. Furthermore, reduction effective three different faulty valves, in which highest number interrelationships increased 6.9569 times amplitude ratio peak frequency 11.7004 times. data quality significantly improved.

Language: Английский

---

Cochlear neural contributions to triple network changes in tinnitus, hyperacusis & misophonia? A perspective review

Hearing Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 463, P. 109305 - 109305

Published: May 10, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Combining the unequal variance signal detection model with the health belief model to optimize shared decision making in tinnitus patients: part 2—patient profiling

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 19

Published: May 19, 2025

Introduction Tinnitus affects approximately 14% of the population. Its symptomatology is versatile, ranging from mild annoyance to anxiety and depression. Current multidisciplinary treatments (psychological, audiological, combinations) focus on impact reduction acceptance. Shared decision making (SDM) promotes patients health care professionals treatment choices together based best available evidence. In case professional equipoise (no clear clinical evidence for superiority a treatment), knowledge about individual factors influencing outcome patient decisions can be utmost importance in informing SDM process. Methods A statistical model that was developed previous work analyze tinnitus decisions, extended how characteristics sex, age, laterality affect accuracy utility concerning audiological cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) psychosocial counseling. For each group, we calculated Receiver-Operator-Characteristic curves likelihood ratio as function hearing loss pre-treatment assess CBT-based counseling, respectively. Results The largest effect found sex differences. results indicated males used strict criterion when deciding while females care. ratios successful versus unsuccessful are smaller than 1 counseling males. success 2 almost 7 males, age differences, older participants adopted more lenient across most range, younger adopt stricter up losses 75 dB(HL). an unbiased criterion. psychological seems likely compared group. When considering laterality, group with unilateral whole range loss, bilateral above 70 baseline THI-scores between 25 90 points. entire THI-score range. Discussion These findings underscore personalized approaches specific need further research test improve these findings. Especially may strongly advised take diffuse.

Language: Английский

---

Tinnitus is associated with improved cognitive performance and speech perception–Can stochastic resonance explain?

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Dec. 16, 2022

OPINION article Front. Aging Neurosci., 16 December 2022Sec. Neuroinflammation and Neuropathy Volume 14 - 2022 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2022.1073149

Language: Английский

---

Dual-channel two-dimensional stochastic resonance and its application in bearing fault detection under alpha-stable noise

Chinese Journal of Physics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 88, P. 922 - 937

Published: Dec. 5, 2023

Language: Английский

---

Deep learning based decoding of single local field potential events

NeuroImage, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 297, P. 120696 - 120696

Published: June 21, 2024

How is information processed in the cerebral cortex? In most cases, recorded brain activity averaged over many (stimulus) repetitions, which erases fine-structure of neural signal. However, obviously a single-trial processor. Thus, we here demonstrate that an unsupervised machine learning approach can be used to extract meaningful from electro-physiological recordings on basis. We use auto-encoder network reduce dimensions single local field potential (LFP) events create interpretable clusters different patterns. Strikingly, certain LFP shapes correspond latency differences recording channels. Hence, determine direction flux cortex. Furthermore, after clustering, decoded cluster centroids reverse-engineer underlying prototypical event shapes. To evaluate our approach, applied it both extra-cellular rodents, and intra-cranial EEG humans. Finally, find channel during spontaneous sample realm possible stimulus evoked A finding so far has only been demonstrated for multi-channel population coding.

Language: Английский

---

Word class representations spontaneously emerge in a deep neural network trained on next word prediction

Published: Dec. 15, 2023

How do humans learn language, and can the first language be learned at all? These fundamental questions are still hotly debated. In contemporary linguistics, there two major schools of thought that give completely opposite answers. According to Chomsky's theory universal grammar, cannot because children not exposed sufficient data in their linguistic environment. contrast, usage-based models assume a profound relationship between structure use. particular, contextual mental processing representations assumed have cognitive capacity capture complexity actual use all levels. The prime example is syntax, i.e., rules by which words assembled into larger units such as sentences. Typically, syntactic expressed sequences word classes. However, it remains unclear whether classes innate, implied or they emerge during acquisition, suggested approaches. Here, we address this issue from machine learning natural perspective. trained an artificial deep neural network on predicting next word, provided consecutive input. Subsequently, analyzed emerging activation patterns hidden layers network. Strikingly, find internal nine-word input cluster according class tenth predicted output, even though did receive any explicit information about training. This surprising result suggests, also human brain, abstract representational categories may naturally consequence predictive coding acquisition.

Language: Английский

---

Phantom perception as a Bayesian inference problem: a pilot study

Journal of Neurophysiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 131(6), P. 1311 - 1327

Published: May 8, 2024

Tinnitus is the perception of a continuous sound in absence an external source. Although role auditory system well investigated, there gap how multisensory signals are integrated to produce single percept tinnitus. Here, we train participants learn new sensory environment by associating cue with target signal that varies perceptual threshold. In test phase, present only see whether person perceives illusion signal. We perform two separate experiments observe behavioral and electrophysiological responses learning phases

Language: Английский

---