How to measure light pollution—A systematic review of methods and applications

Sustainable Cities and Society, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 92, P. 104465 - 104465

Published: Feb. 17, 2023

Artificial light at night (ALAN) is ever-present in modern society and has revolutionised our lives. Along with its many benefits, ALAN can have adverse effects that are studied across fields, including astronomy, epidemiology, ecology. This paper collates multi-disciplinary knowledge on measuring pollution through a systematic review of 140 articles. The measurement tools used each context comprehensively discussed, gaps identified current techniques, benchmarking information provided to aid future research. It found no single device meets all objectives, opportunities exist for further development, such as refining low-cost imaging tools. highlights tool's limitations must be acknowledged avoid incorrect conclusions. Thorough experimental reporting, details instrument location aiming, also essential the replication Collaboration needed develop unified units terminologies rather than maintaining disciplinary silos. will enable keep pace lighting technologies growing pollution.

Language: Английский

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Artificial night light and anthropogenic noise interact to influence bird abundance over a continental scale

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 27(17), P. 3987 - 4004

Published: June 10, 2021

Abstract The extent of artificial night light and anthropogenic noise (i.e., “light” “noise”) impacts is global has the capacity to threaten species across diverse ecosystems. Existing research involving or primarily focused on alone single species; however, these stimuli often co‐occur little known about how co‐exposure influences wildlife if why may vary in their responses. Here, we had three aims: (1) investigate species‐specific responses light, noise, interaction between two using a spatially explicit approach model changes abundance 140 prevalent bird North America, (2) exposure length, (3) identify functional traits habitat affiliations that explain variation sensory with phylogenetically informed models. We found responded generally decreased abundance, additional presence interacted synergistically exacerbate its negative effects. Moreover, revealed emergent for several only reacted when co‐occurred. Additionally, an length 47 increased during longer nights. In addition modifying behavior optimal temperature potential foraging opportunities, birds might be attracted yet suffer inadvertent physiological consequences. trait most strongly related avian response was affiliation. Specifically, occupy closed were less tolerant both stressors compared those open habitat. Further quantifying contexts intrinsic respond will fundamental understanding ecological consequences world ever louder brighter.

Language: Английский

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The impact of urbanization on health depends on the health metric, life stage and level of urbanization: a global meta-analysis on avian species

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 291(2027)

Published: July 17, 2024

Stressors associated with urban habitats have been linked to poor wildlife health but whether a general negative relationship between urbanization and animal can be affirmed is unclear. We conducted meta-analysis of avian literature test biomarkers differed on average non-urban environments, there are systematic differences across species, biomarkers, life stages species traits. Our dataset included 644 effect sizes derived from 112 articles published 1989 2022, 51 bird species. First, we showed that was no clear impact when categorized the sampling locations as or non-urban. However, did find small this dichotomous variable replaced by quantitative representing degree at each location. Second, dependent type biomarker measured well individual stage, young individuals being more negatively affected. comprehensive analysis calls for future studies disentangle specific urban-related drivers might obscured in categorical versus comparisons.

Language: Английский

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Combined effect of anthropogenic noise and artificial night lighting negatively affect Western Bluebird chick development

Ornithological Applications, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 122(4)

Published: June 9, 2020

Abstract Sensory pollutants such as anthropogenic noise and night lighting now expose much of the world to evolutionarily novel sound conditions. An emerging body literature has reported a variety deleterious effects caused by these stimuli, spanning behavioral, physiological, population, community-level responses. However, combined influence light received almost no attention despite co-occurrence stimuli in many landscapes. Here we evaluated singular on Western Bluebird (Sialia mexicana) reproductive success using field-based manipulation. Nests exposed together experienced less predation than control light-exposed nests, noise-exposed nests yet overall nest was only higher compared nests. Although exposure decreased nestling condition evidence mixed for or size, those nestlings were smaller across several metrics Our results support previous research either including potential benefits, reduced with exposure. our also suggest that can negatively affect some aspects reproduction more strongly sensory pollutant alone. This finding is especially important given tend covary are projected increase dramatically next decades.

Language: Английский

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Impacts of Habitat Transformation on Amphibian and Reptile Communities in a Heterogeneous Andean Landscape

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Abstract The Andean region of Colombia is recognized for its exceptional biodiversity and high levels endemism, particularly among amphibians reptiles. However, this faces significant challenges due to habitat loss fragmentation driven by agricultural activities, urbanization, livestock farming. This study evaluates the effects alterations on herpetofaunal communities within Sumapaz province, focusing three types: secondary forests, coffee plantations, open areas associated with low-intensity We also compiled a comprehensive inventory 85 species based fieldwork conducted (2021-2022) databases, recognizing 35 50 reptiles region. found that forests support highest richness diversity species, while exhibited greater reptile abundance. Crops showed lower but demonstrated potential as habitats certain species. These findings highlight importance preserving forested designing mixed-use landscapes promote maintain ecological functions. provides baseline future conservation strategies in

Language: Английский

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Artificial light at night and anthropogenic noise alter the foraging activity and structure of vertebrate communities

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 805, P. 150223 - 150223

Published: Sept. 9, 2021

Light and noise pollution from human activity are increasing at a dramatic rate. These sensory stimuli can have wide range of effects on animal behavior, reproductive success, physiology. However, less is known about the functional community-level consequences these pollutants, especially when they co-occur. Using camera traps in manipulative field experiment, we studied anthropogenic light noise, singularly tandem, richness community turnover both taxa group level as well foraging activity. We showed that did alter taxonomic differ depending scale observation. Increases levels had negative effect camera-level scale, but light-treated sites highest pooled (i.e., cumulative) all treatment types. In contrast, was found to cumulative richness; however, were present, addition night-lighting mitigated noise. Artificial moonlight strongest influence turnover, results remained consistent level. Additionally, increases ambient moonlight, not artificial light, reduced Our study provides evidence alterations environment composition communities be scale-dependent also behavior. Unexpectedly, may richness. This highlights importance researching co-exposure globally common pollutants.

Language: Английский

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Anthropogenic noise affects insect and arachnid behavior, thus changing interactions within and between species

Current Opinion in Insect Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 47, P. 142 - 153

Published: July 10, 2021

Language: Английский

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EFFECT OF SOME UNFAVORABLE BEHAVIORAL TRAITS ON THE BEHAVIOR OF BROILER CHICKS

Journal of Life Science and Applied Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 4(1), P. 1 - 8

Published: June 30, 2023

This study was carried out on a poultry farm in the Department of Animal Production – College Agriculture - University Anbar, experiment aimed to determine broiler chicks' undesired behavior, including fear, gathering, and isolation. Seventy-five unsexed chicks were used that belong strain Ross 308 with age one day. Chicks randomly distributed five replications, each replicate contained 15 chicks. The fear behavior studied by observing situation which repeater are present at different times day when chicks, we counted number isolated is, located corners field, recorded them, considering they very afraid. little far from corner considered Medium afraid, those farther away As for spread out, walls, natural not this is what applied (color) specified take Data per during trial period. results showed significant differences between treatments traits grouping, isolation due stimulator (sound)

Language: Английский

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A Systematic Review of Research Investigating the Combined Ecological Impact of Anthropogenic Noise and Artificial Light at Night

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Oct. 4, 2021

Levels of anthropogenic noise and artificial light at night (ALAN) are rapidly rising on a global scale. Both sensory pollutants well known to affect animal behavior physiology, which can lead substantial ecological impacts. Most studies or pollution date have focused single stressor impacts, studying both in isolation despite their high spatial temporal co-occurrence. However, few addressed combined impact, as multisensory pollution, with the specific aim assess whether interaction between leads predictable, additive effects, less synergistic antagonistic effects. We carried out systematic review research investigating found 28 that simultaneously assessed impact ALAN function (e.g., behavior, morphology life-history), physiology stress, oxidative, immune status), population demography abundance species richness). Only fifteen these specifically tested for possible interactive effects when were combined. Four eight experimental revealed significant effect, contrast only three seven observational studies. discuss benefits limitations vs. addressing call more testing diverse ways interact wildlife.

Language: Английский

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Night lighting and anthropogenic noise alter the activity and body condition of pinyon mice (Peromyscus truei)

Ecosphere, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(3)

Published: March 1, 2021

Abstract Anthropogenic noise and artificial night lighting have been shown to substantial effects on animal behavior, physiology, species interactions. Despite the large body of previous work, very few studies studied combined light pollution, especially experimentally in field. Rodents are a highly diverse group that predominantly nocturnal occupy wide range habitats worldwide, frequently close association with human development, placing them at heightened risk from sensory disturbances. To test singular various levels anthropogenic exposure pinyon mouse ( Peromyscus truei ) activity condition, we used standard trapping methods across gradient two accounted for variation moonlight, vegetation structure, weather. We hypothesized increased would decrease trap success lead lower condition due an increase perceived predation reduction and/or release competition. Pinyon declined as intensity increased, effect was comparable which is well known influence rodent perception risk. Although pollution did not alter mice, individuals captured noisier areas beginning season had than those quieter areas. Body uninfluenced by later season. also found no evidence any additive or synergistic stimuli. Our results provide alterations environment can affect wild rodents several ways. As development increases meet demands growing populations, more ecosystems will be exposed disturbance, making understanding how these changes wildlife critical ongoing conservation efforts.

Language: Английский

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