Association of biochar properties with changes in soil bacterial, fungal and fauna communities and nutrient cycling processes

Biochar, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 3(3), P. 239 - 254

Published: June 29, 2021

Abstract Soil microorganisms play crucial roles in soil nutrient cycling, carbon sequestration, fertility maintenance and crop health production. To date, the responses of microorganisms, such as microbial activity, diversity, community structure cycling processes, to biochar addition have been widely reported. However, relationships between groups (bacteria, fungi microscopic fauna) physicochemical properties not summarized. In this review, we conclude that affects growth, diversity compositions by directly providing growth promoters for biota or indirectly changing basic properties. The porous structure, labile C, high pH electrochemical an important role determining abundance communities, their mediated N P while effects underlying mechanisms vary with types are affected pyrolysis temperature feedstock type. Finally, highlight some issues related research methodology subjects still poorly understood controversial, perspectives further addition.

Language: Английский

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Protist taxonomic and functional diversity in soil, freshwater and marine ecosystems

Environment International, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 146, P. 106262 - 106262

Published: Nov. 19, 2020

Protists dominate eukaryotic diversity and play key functional roles in all ecosystems, particularly by catalyzing carbon nutrient cycling. To date, however, a comparative analysis of their taxonomic that compares the major ecosystems on Earth (soil, freshwater marine systems) is missing. Here, we present comparison protist based standardized high throughput 18S rRNA gene sequencing soil, environmental DNA. Soil communities were more similar to each other than communities, with virtually no overlap Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) between terrestrial habitats. protists showed higher γ aquatic samples. Differences composition led changes among as expressed relative abundance consumers, phototrophs parasites. Phototrophs (eukaryotic algae) dominated systems (49% sequences) consumers soil (59% 48%, respectively). The individual groups composed ecosystem- specific groups. Parasites equally common yet, hosted OTUs assigned parasites macro-organisms while contained mostly microbial parasitoids. Together, show biogeographic patterns across Earth, preparing way for focused studies will help understanding multiple biosphere.

Language: Английский

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Organism body size structures the soil microbial and nematode community assembly at a continental and global scale

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Dec. 17, 2020

Body size is a key life-history trait that influences community assembly by affecting how ecological processes operate at the organism level. However, extent to which relative of mediate differentially sized soil organisms still unknown. Here, we investigate microorganisms and microfauna using continental-scale sampling effort combined with global-scale meta-analysis. Our results reveal general relationship between body stochastic-deterministic balance operating on assembly. The smallest (bacteria) are relatively more influenced dispersal-based stochastic processes, while larger ones (fungi, protists nematodes) structured selection-based deterministic processes. This study elucidates significant consistent an distinct in mediating their respective assemblages, thus providing better understanding mechanisms supporting biodiversity.

Language: Английский

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Microplastic and soil protists: A call for research

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 241, P. 1128 - 1131

Published: June 20, 2018

Language: Английский

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Body size determines soil community assembly in a tropical forest

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 28(3), P. 528 - 543

Published: Oct. 30, 2018

Tropical forests shelter an unparalleled biological diversity. The relative influence of environmental selection (i.e., abiotic conditions, biotic interactions) and stochastic-distance-dependent neutral processes demography, dispersal) in shaping communities has been extensively studied for various organisms, but rarely explored across a large range body sizes, particular soil environments. We built detailed census the whole biota 12-ha tropical forest plot using DNA metabarcoding. show that distribution 19 taxonomic groups (ranging from microbes to mesofauna) is primarily stochastic, suggesting are prominent drivers assembly these at this scale. also identify aluminium, topography plant species identity as weak, yet significant richness community composition bacteria, protists lesser extent fungi. Finally, we size, which determines scale organism perceives its environment, predicted groups, with mesofauna assemblages being more stochastic than microbial ones. These results suggest contribution directly depends on size. Body size hence important determinant rules ecological soils should be accounted spatial models food webs.

Language: Английский

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Diversity and ecology of protists revealed by metabarcoding

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 31(19), P. R1267 - R1280

Published: Oct. 1, 2021

Protists are the dominant eukaryotes in biosphere where they play key functional roles. While protists have been studied for over a century, it is high-throughput sequencing of molecular markers from environmental samples — approach metabarcoding that has revealed just how diverse, and abundant, these small organisms are. Metabarcoding now routine to survey diversity, so data rapidly accumulated multitude environments at different sampling scales. This mass provided unprecedented opportunities study taxonomic diversity protists, this organised space time. Here, we use as common thread discuss state knowledge protist research, technical considerations important insights gained on patterns processes might structured diversity. In addition insights, conclude verge an exciting added dimension thanks maturation long-read sequencing, robust eco-evolutionary framework within reach.

Language: Английский

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Soil microalgae and cyanobacteria: the biotechnological potential in the maintenance of soil fertility and health

Critical Reviews in Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 39(8), P. 981 - 998

Published: Aug. 27, 2019

The soil microbiota plays a major role in maintaining the nutrient balance, carbon sink, and health. Numerous studies reported on function of such as plant growth-promoting bacteria fungi soil. Although microalgae cyanobacteria are ubiquitous soil, very less attention has been paid potential these microorganisms. indiscriminate use various chemicals to enhance agricultural productivity led serious consequences like structure instability, accumulation toxic contaminants, etc., leading an ecological imbalance between plant, microbiota. However, significant crop other options so far undermined. intent present critical review is highlight significance this unique group microorganisms terms fertility Beneficial applications two groups enhancing growth, establishing interrelationships among microbes, detoxifying chemical agents insecticides, herbicides, etc. through mutualistic cooperation by synthesizing enzymes phytohormones presented. Since recombinant technology involving genomic integration favors development useful traits for their application improvement health, merits demerits advanced methodologies associated harnessing biotechnological photosynthetic sustainable agriculture were also discussed.

Language: Английский

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The rhizosphere microbiome: Plant–microbial interactions for resource acquisition

Journal of Applied Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 133(5), P. 2864 - 2876

Published: June 27, 2022

While horticulture tools and methods have been extensively developed to improve the management of crops, systems harness rhizosphere microbiome benefit plant crops are still in development. Plants microbes coevolving for several millennia, conferring fitness advantages that expand plant's own genetic potential. These beneficial associations allow plants cope with abiotic stresses such as nutrient deficiency across a wide range soils growing conditions. achieve these benefits by selectively recruiting using root exudates, positively impacting their nutrition, health overall productivity. Advanced knowledge interplay between exudates alteration response status, underlying mechanisms there of, will development technologies increase crop yield. This review summarizes current perspectives on plant-microbial interactions resource acquisition discusses promising advances manipulating microbiomes exudation.

Language: Английский

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Trophic interactions between predatory protists and pathogen-suppressive bacteria impact plant health

The ISME Journal, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16(8), P. 1932 - 1943

Published: April 23, 2022

Language: Английский

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Microbial diversity and functions in saline soils: A review from a biogeochemical perspective

Journal of Advanced Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 59, P. 129 - 140

Published: June 29, 2023

Soil salinization threatens food security and ecosystem health, is one of the important drivers to degradation many ecosystems around world. microorganisms have extremely high diversity participate in a variety key ecological processes. They are guarantees for soil health sustainable development. However, our understanding function under change increased fragmented. Here, we summarize changes microbial influence diverse natural ecosystems. We particularly focus on bacteria fungi salt stress their emerging functions (such as mediated biogeochemical processes). This study also discusses how use microbiome saline soils deal with supporting ecosystems, puts forward knowledge gaps research directions that need be strengthened future. Due rapid development molecular-based biotechnology (especially high-throughput sequencing technology), community composition functional genes been extensively characterized different habitats. Clarifying responding pattern microbial-mediated nutrient cycling developing utilizing weaken adverse effects plants soil, which guiding significance agricultural production management lands.

Language: Английский

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