Genome Biology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(3)
Published: Feb. 4, 2022
Language: Английский
Molecular Biology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 40(7)
Published: June 23, 2023
Abstract Sex determination is a key developmental process, yet it remarkably variable across the tree of life. The dipteran family Sciaridae exhibits one most unusual sex systems in which mothers control offspring through selective elimination paternal X chromosomes. Whereas some members females produce mixed-sex broods, others such as dark-winged fungus gnat Bradysia coprophila are monogenic, with producing single-sex broods. Female-producing were previously found to be heterozygous for large X-linked paracentric inversion (X′), maternally inherited and absent from male-producing females. Here, we assembled characterized X′ sequence. As close sequence homology between made identification challenging, developed k-mer–based approach bin genomic reads before assembly. We confirmed that spans chromosome (∼55 Mb) encodes ∼3,500 genes. Analysis divergence homologous region revealed originated very recently (<0.5 Ma). Surprisingly, more complex than thought likely have undergone multiple rearrangements produced regions varying ages, resembling supergene composed evolutionary strata. functional degradation ∼7.3% genes within recombination suppression, but no evidence accumulation repetitive elements. Our findings provide an indication sex-linked inversions driving turnover strange system this flies.
Language: Английский
Citations
9
Biochemical Society Transactions, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 49(5), P. 1891 - 1903
Published: Oct. 19, 2021
In a multicellular organism, the genomes of all cells are in general same. Programmed DNA elimination is notable exception to this genome constancy rule. removes genes and repetitive elements germline form reduced somatic various organisms. The process within an organism highly accurate reproducible; it typically occurs during early embryogenesis, coincident with germline-soma differentiation. provides mechanism silence selected repeats cells. Recent studies nematodes suggest that chromosome ends, resolves sex fusions, may also promote birth novel genes. processes diverse among species, suggesting likely has evolved multiple times different taxa. growing list organisms undergo indicates be more widespread than previously appreciated. These will serve as complementary comparative models study function, mechanism, evolution programmed metazoans.
Language: Английский
Citations
19
Heredity, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 131(2), P. 87 - 95
Published: June 16, 2023
Sexual reproduction is ubiquitous in eukaryotes, but the mechanisms by which sex determined are diverse and undergo rapid turnovers short evolutionary timescales. Usually, an embryo's fated at moment of fertilisation, rare instances it maternal genotype that determines offspring's sex. These systems often characterised mothers producing single-sex broods, a phenomenon known as monogeny. Monogenic well documented Hymenoptera (ants, bees wasps), where associated with eusocial lifestyle. However, also to occur three families Diptera (true flies): Sciaridae, Cecidomyiidae Calliphoridae. Here we review current knowledge monogenic these dipteran clades. We discuss how this strange reproductive strategy might evolve, consider potential contributions inbreeding, ratio distorters, polygenic control ratio. Finally, provide suggestions on future work elucidate origins unusual strategy. propose studying will contribute our understanding evolution turnover determination systems.
Language: Английский
Citations
8
Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 159, P. 103965 - 103965
Published: June 3, 2023
Language: Английский
Citations
6
Current Opinion in Genetics & Development, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 83, P. 102113 - 102113
Published: Sept. 19, 2023
Genetic conflicts can arise between components of the genome with different inheritance strategies. The germline-restricted chromosome (GRC) songbirds shows unusual mitotic and meiotic transmission compared rest genome. It is excluded from somatic cells maintained only in germline. usually present one copy male germline eliminated during spermatogenesis, while female germline, it occurs two copies behaves as a regular chromosome. Here, we review what known about GRC's evolutionary history, genetic content, expression discuss how may be involved types conflicts. Finally, interrogate potential role GRC songbird development, highlighting several unsolved mysteries.
Language: Английский
Citations
6
Evolution, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 76(2), P. 292 - 309
Published: Nov. 13, 2021
Females and males may face different selection pressures, such that alleles conferring a benefit in one sex be deleterious the other. Such sexual antagonism has received great deal of theoretical empirical attention, almost all which focused on diploids. However, sizeable minority animals display an alternative haplodiploid mode inheritance, encompassing both arrhenotoky, whereby develop from unfertilized eggs, paternal genome elimination (PGE), receive but do not transmit genome. Alongside unusual genetics, haplodiploids often exhibit social ecologies modulate relative value females males. Here, we series evolutionary-genetic models for haplodiploids, incorporating details their molecular biology ecology. We find that: (1) PGE promotes female-beneficial more than to extent determined by timing elimination-and degree silencing of-the genome; (2) sib-mating relatively alleles, as other forms inbreeding including limited male-dispersal, oedipal-mating, pseudo-hermaphroditism Icerya purchasi; (3) resource competition between related inhibits invasion alleles; (4) foments conflicts parents offspring, endosymbionts hosts, maternal- paternal-origin genes.
Language: Английский
Citations
11
Genome Biology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(6)
Published: May 7, 2021
Abstract Genomes can vary significantly even within the same individual. The underlying mechanisms are manifold, ranging from somatic mutation and recombination, development-associated ploidy changes genetic bottlenecks, over to programmed DNA elimination during germline/soma differentiation. In this perspective piece, we briefly review recent developments in study of within-individual genome variation eukaryotes prokaryotes. We highlight a Society for Molecular Biology Evolution 2020 virtual symposium entitled “Within-individual distinction” present Special Section name Genome Evolution, together fostering cross-taxon synergies field identify tackle key open questions understanding variation.
Language: Английский
Citations
8
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: May 17, 2023
Abstract In mammals, genomic imprinting results from different sets of epigenetic marks that distinguish the parental origins loci in progeny. Epigenetic reprogramming is necessary to establish a totipotent cell state. The consecutive erasure and deposition new occurs alongside major life stage transitions including gametogenesis fertilization. However, despite occurring concomitantly with gametogenesis, role meiosis has received little attention. To address this question, we use model bryophyte Marchantia polymorpha . Following haploid reproductive phase land plant, expression paternal genome silenced by histone modification H3K27me3 short-lived diploid embryo. We show erased during meiosis, which separately fertilization Marchantia. initiated completed meiotic spores where chromatin landscape next generation established de novo Hence, our findings illustrate potential for may be generalized other sexually reproducing species.
Language: Английский
Citations
3
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Nov. 25, 2022
Abstract Sex determination is a key developmental process, yet it remarkably variable across the tree of life. The dipteran family Sciaridae exhibits one most unusual sex systems in which mothers control offspring through selective elimination paternal X chromosomes. Whereas some members females produce mixed-sex broods, others such as dark-winged fungus gnat Bradysia coprophila are monogenic, with producing single-sex broods. Female-producing were previously found to be heterozygous for large X-linked paracentric inversion (X’), maternally inherited and absent from male-producing females. Here we assembled characterized X’ sequence. As close sequence homology between made identification challenging, developed k-mer-based approach bin genomic reads before assembly. We confirmed that spans chromosome (approximately 55Mb) encodes around 3500 genes. Analysis divergence homologous region revealed originated very recently (<0.5 mya). Surprisingly, more complex than thought likely have undergone multiple rearrangements produced regions varying ages, resembling supergene composed evolutionary strata. functional degradation 7.3% genes within recombination suppression, but no evidence accumulation repetitive elements. Our findings provide an indication sex-linked inversions driving turnover strange system this flies.
Language: Английский
Citations
5
Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 27(6), P. 641 - 650
Published: Nov. 2, 2023
Germline-restricted chromosomes (GRCs) are present in the genomes of germline cells and absent from somatic cells. A GRC is found all species songbirds (Passeri) none other bird orders studied to date. This indicates that originated common ancestor songbirds. The germline-restricted chromosome permanently songbird, while female usually contain two copies male ones have one copy. In females, GRCs undergo synapsis restricted recombination their terminal regions during meiotic prophase. males, it almost always eliminated spermatocytes. Thus, inherited exclusively through maternal lineage. a necessary genomic element To date, genetic composition has been four only. Some genes actively expressed gonads, controlling development synthesis proteins involved organization chromosomes. Songbird vary size composition. each consists amplified modified basic genome species. level homology between different relatively low, indicating high rate evolution this chromosome. Transmission lineage suppression contribute significantly accelerated GRCs. One may suggest rapid coordinated might be responsible for explosive speciation adaptive radiation most species-rich diverse infraorder birds.Хромосомы, ограниченные зародышевой линией (germline-restricted – GRC), присутствуют в геномах герминативных клеток и запрограммированно элиминируются из соматических ходе развития. Они крайне редко возникают эволюции. Еще реже они становятся необходимыми элементами геномов крупных таксонов. Такая хромосома, ограниченная линией, была обнаружена у всех исследованных представителей подотряда воробьинообразных певчих птиц. Ни одного других отрядов птиц не выявлено. Это свидетельствует о том, что возникла общего предка У этого присутствует, как правило, двух копиях клетках самок одной копии самцов отсутствует клетках. синаптируют рекомбинируют профазе мейоза. почти всегда сперматоцитов. Таким образом, наследуется исключительно по материнской линии. Хромосомы, необходимый элемент генома На сегодняшний день исследованы геномы четырех видов. Некоторые гены активно экспрессируются гонадах самок, контролируют развитие клеток, синтез белков, вовлеченных организацию мейотических хромосом. разных видов различаются размерам генетическому составу. Геном каждого вида состоит амплифицированных перестроенных копий генов основного данного вида. Уровень гомологии между довольно низок. указывает на высокую скорость эволюции генетического состава хромосомы. Значительный вклад ускорение вносят передача этой хромосомы линии подавление рекомбинации ней. Можно считать, быстрая согласованная эволюция набора играет важную роль видообразовании адаптивной радиации самого богатого видами разнообразного
Language: Русский
Citations
2