Surveillance of Antibiotic Use and Adherence to the WHO/INRUD Core Prescribing Indicators at a Primary Healthcare Hospital in Southern Zambia: Opportunities for Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs

Pharmacology &amp Pharmacy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(01), P. 1 - 19

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Background: The irrational use of medicines remains a key health problem in many developing countries. overuse antibiotics is driver antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This study surveyed antibiotic and adherence to the World Health Organization (WHO) prescribing indicators at Request Muntanga Hospital Kalomo District Southern Province, Zambia. Materials Methods: cross-sectional was conducted from July 2023 September Zambia reviewed 600 medical record prescriptions which were issued 1, 2022 June 30, using WHO indicators. collected data analyzed Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23.0. Results: From sampled, 1246 prescribed, with making up 86.7% encounters. Additionally, average number drugs prescribed per encounter 2.1 prevalence polypharmacy 61.3%. Further, 17.8% as injectables. Furthermore, 76.7% Essential Medicines List 38.9% by generic names. Conclusions: found high deviations WHO/International Network Rational Use Drugs (INRUD) core indicating non-adherence There need promote WHO/INRUD rational prevent emergence spread AMR.

Language: Английский

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Antibiotic use and adherence to the WHO AWaRe guidelines across 16 hospitals in Zambia: a point prevalence survey

JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(5)

Published: Sept. 3, 2024

The inappropriate use of antibiotics in hospitals contributes to the development and spread antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This study evaluated prevalence antibiotic adherence World Health Organization (WHO) Access, Watch Reserve (AWaRe) classification across 16 Zambia.

Language: Английский

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The Burden of Antimicrobial Resistance in Zambia, a Sub-Saharan African Country: A One Health Review of the Current Situation, Risk Factors, and Solutions

Pharmacology &amp Pharmacy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(12), P. 403 - 465

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Point Prevalence Survey of Antibiotic Use in Level 1 hospitals in Zambia: Future Prospects for Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs

Infection and Drug Resistance, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: Volume 18, P. 887 - 902

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

The inappropriate prescribing and use of antibiotics have contributed to the emergence spread antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In Zambia, there is a paucity information on patterns among hospitalized patients in level 1 hospitals. This study investigated antibiotic five hospitals Lusaka, Zambia. cross-sectional utilized World Health Organization (WHO) Point Prevalence Survey (PPS) methodology in-patients admitted before 08:00 a.m. survey day August 2024. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS version 23.0. prevalence inpatients was 59.0%, with ceftriaxone being most prescribed. Antibiotics prescribed mainly for paediatrics male inpatients. found that 53.0% from Access group while 38.2% Watch Access, Watch, Reserve (AWaRe) classification. Adherence national treatment guidelines 36.0%, empirically without evidence culture sensitivity tests. high low adherence findings this demonstrate need establish strengthen stewardship programs laboratory capacity aid clinicians diagnosing, treating, managing across

Language: Английский

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A Situation Analysis of the Capacity of Laboratories in Faith-Based Hospitals in Zambia to Conduct Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance: Opportunities to Improve Diagnostic Stewardship

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(8), P. 1697 - 1697

Published: Aug. 17, 2024

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a public health problem exacerbated by the overuse and misuse of antibiotics inadequate capacity laboratories to conduct AMR surveillance. This study assessed in seven faith-based hospitals testing surveillance Zambia. multi-facility, cross-sectional exploratory was conducted from February 2024 April 2024. We collected analysed data using self-scoring Laboratory Assessment Antibiotic Resistance Testing Capacity (LAARC) tool. found an average score 39%, indicating low The highest 47%, while lowest 25%. Only one hospital had full (100%) utilise laboratory information system (LIS). Three satisfactory perform management with scores 83%, 85%, 95%. process specimens, only good safety requirements for microbiology laboratory, 89%. demonstrates that all surveillance, which could affect diagnostic stewardship. Therefore, there urgent need strengthen enhance

Language: Английский

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Antimicrobial stewardship situation analysis in selected hospitals in Zambia: findings and implications from a national survey

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Sept. 27, 2024

Background Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programs are critical in combating antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In Zambia, there is little information regarding the capacity of hospitals to establish and implement AMS programs. The objective this study was conduct a baseline assessment WHO core elements for an program implementation eight Zambia. Materials methods We conducted exploratory cross-sectional from September 2023 December using self-scoring Periodic National Healthcare Facility Assessment Tool World Health Organization (WHO) policy guidance on integrated activities human health. Eight public were surveyed across five provinces Data analyzed tool thematic analysis. Results Overall, 62.5% (6/8) facilities scored low (below 60%) implementing Most had challenges with reporting feedback within hospital (average score = 46%), Drugs Therapeutics Committee (DTC) functionality 49%), actions 50%), education training 54%), leadership commitment 56%). overall all average (56%). All (100%) did not have allocated budget Finally, neither antibiograms guide utilization nor AMS-trained staff more than 50% surveyed. Conclusion This found these hospitals, especially where DTCs non-functional. identified gaps require urgent attention sustainable multidisciplinary

Language: Английский

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A Regional Approach to Strengthening the Implementation of Sustainable Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs in Five Countries in East, Central, and Southern Africa

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 266 - 266

Published: March 5, 2025

Background: Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programs optimize the use of antimicrobials and reduce antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This study evaluated implementation AMS in Africa using a harmonized regional approach. Methods: was an exploratory cross-sectional across five countries involving 32 hospitals adapted Periodic National Hospitals Assessment Tool from World Health Organization (WHO) policy guidance on integrated activities human health. Results: found baseline scores for core elements ranging 34% to 79% at which improved 58% 92% endline. At baseline, Drugs Therapeutics Committee (DTC) functionality updating facility-specific medicines medical devices ranged 100%, this 79 100% Classifying antibiotics by WHO AWaRe, classification 33% 83% 64% Leadership commitment were 47% 66% Education training 42% 63% endline, respectively. Reporting feedback Conclusions: Our showed that understanding context standardizing approaches enhanced cross-country learning implementation. Although challenges Low- Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) are similar, they vary country can be addressed strengthening regulatory frameworks surveillance systems.

Language: Английский

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Antimicrobial Stewardship Impact on Antibiotic Use in Three Tertiary Hospitals in Zambia: A Comparative Point Prevalence Survey

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 284 - 284

Published: March 10, 2025

Introduction: Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) can improve the rational use of antibiotics in hospitals. This study assessed impact a multifaceted AMS intervention on antibiotic and prescribing patterns at three tertiary hospitals Zambia. Methods: Point Prevalence Surveys (PPS) were conducted August 2022 October 2023. It was part 3-year demonstration project that aimed to optimize treating urinary tract infections (UTIs) bloodstream (BSIs) various health sector settings Up 170 medical records 265 2023 included assessment. Results: Overall, prevalence this PPS 75%. Eighty-one percent (81%) 71% patients least one 2023, respectively, indicating decrease 10%. Similarly, ceftriaxone, most prescribed antibiotic, declined from an average 48% 38% Adherence Standard Treatment Guidelines (STGs) slightly increased 42% 45% Additionally, reduced 1.38 1.21. Conclusions: had early positive adherence Guidelines.

Language: Английский

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Antimicrobial stewardship: Knowledge, attitudes and practices of healthcare providers in Eastern Uganda

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 11, 2025

Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global health threat exacerbated by inappropriate antimicrobial prescribing practices. In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) like Uganda, additional challenges for effective stewardship include limited resources healthcare infrastructure. This study assessed current practices evaluated providers' knowledge, attitudes, related to (AMS) in Eastern Uganda. Methods A cross-sectional was conducted facilities across Data were collected through interviewer administered structured questionnaires. Results 240 respondents completed questionnaires from four Respondents 51.5% male, median age 33 years [IQR 28–38] with 6 of medical experience 4–10]. Clinical Officers constituted 22.5%, Medical Doctors 11.2%, Nurses 40.8%, Pharmacists 4.5%, other categories accounted 20.8%. Adherence national international guidelines on antibiotic use suboptimal high frequency broad-spectrum prescriptions. 75.4% the reported presence an control program within their facility. Most (83.3%) designated leader AMS at facility while 86.7% indicated that lead programmes facilities. 92.5% confirmed there policy place guide appropriate dosage duration treatments. Overall, 98.8% believed AMR significant concern 62.1% workloads negatively affect Conclusion The identifies gaps highlighting need improved programs, training, implementation.

Language: Английский

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Health professional and facility engagement in antimicrobial resistance prevention and containment strategic initiatives at public hospitals in Southern Ethiopia: facility-based cross-sectional study

BMJ Public Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 3(1), P. e002314 - e002314

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Objective Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) threatens millions of lives and poses significant health, economic development challenges. Policies implemented to prevent contain AMR should address it through a One Health Approach. This study assessed health professional facility engagement in Southern Ethiopia’s prevention containment strategic initiatives associated factors. Design A hospital-based cross-sectional was conducted among 634 professionals. Settings Five randomly selected public hospitals from three (Gofa, Gamo South Omo) zones. Participants professionals working the outpatient department hospitals. Outcome measure strategies. binary logistic regression model used evaluate association between explanatory variables (socio-demographic characteristics, institutional factors) dependent (professional PCSIs). To avoid many unstable estimates control possible confounders subsequent model, only that reached p value less than 0.25 at analysis were multivariate identify factors independently with level Result included participants (56.5% males). Among these professionals, vast majority (n=444, 70.0%) aware perspective on AMR. Concerning PCSIs, about one-third (n=203; 32.0%) reported full facilities. Nearly one-fourth (n=169; 26.7%) including procedures their facility’s annual plan. The overall PCSIs 412 (65.0%). Having history sharp injury (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=1.88 (1.19, 2.97; p=0.007)), general hospital (AOR=3.746 (2.657, 5.282; p=0.000)), having good knowledge healthcare waste management (AOR=1.99 (1.225, 3.258; p=0.006)) being plan (AOR=3.796 (2.01, 7.180; p=0.000)) positively variable However, experience 6–10 years (AOR=0.6 (0.32, 0.96, p<0.05)), receiving infection training (AOR=1.47 (1.02, 2.13, p=0.041)) lack adequate approach (AOR=0.50 0.79; p=0.003)) negatively PCSIs. Conclusion In area, low. Providing control, handling, approach, antimicrobial stewardship for all disseminating national levels system are important. Researchers willing work similar areas must use mixed-method designs (human, animal environmental) stakeholders toward

Language: Английский

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