Induction of apoptosis by double-stranded RNA was present in the last common ancestor of cnidarian and bilaterian animals DOI Creative Commons
Itamar Kozlovski, Adrian Jaimes‐Becerra,

Ton Sharoni

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 20, 2023

Abstract Apoptosis, a major form of programmed cell death, is an essential component host defense against invading intracellular pathogens. Viruses encode inhibitors apoptosis to evade responses during infection, and support their own replication survival. Therefore, hosts viruses are entangled in constant evolutionary arms race control apoptosis. Until now, the context antiviral immune system has been almost exclusively studied vertebrates. This limited phyletic sampling makes it impossible determine whether similar mechanism existed last common ancestor animals. Here, we established assays probe sea anemone Nematostella vectensis , model species Cnidaria, phylum that diverged approximately 600 million years ago from rest We show polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly I:C), synthetic long double-stranded RNA mimicking viral primary ligand for vertebrate RLR melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5), sufficient induce N. . Furthermore, at transcriptomic level, related genes significantly enriched upon poly(I:C) exposure as well bilaterian invertebrates. Our phylogenetic analysis caspase family reveals conservation all four involved mammals revealed cnidarian-specific gene which was strongly upregulated. Altogether, our findings suggest response challenge functionally conserved can be traced back Bilateria Cnidaria.

Language: Английский

Updated single cell reference atlas for the starlet anemone Nematostella vectensis DOI Creative Commons
Alison G. Cole, Julia Steger, Julia Hagauer

et al.

Frontiers in Zoology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: March 18, 2024

Abstract Background The recent combination of genomics and single cell transcriptomics has allowed to assess a variety non-conventional model organisms in much more depth. Single transcriptomes can uncover hidden cellular complexity lineage relationships within organisms. developmental atlases the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis , representative basally branching Cnidaria, provided new insights into development all types (Steger et al Cell Rep 40(12):111370, 2022; Sebé-Pedrós al. 173(6):1520–1534.e20). However, mapping reads still suffers from relatively poor gene annotations draft genome consisting many scaffolds. Results Here we present wildtype resource atlas, by re-mapping sequence data first published Steger (2022) Cole (Nat Commun 14(1):1747, 2023), chromosome-level assembly corresponding models Zimmermann 14, 8270 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-44080-7 ). We expand pre-existing dataset through incorporation additional derived capture sequencing suspensions four samples: 24 h gastrula, 2d planula, an inter-parietal region bodywall young unsexed animal, another adult mesentery mature male animal. Conclusion Our analyses full cell-state inventory provide transcriptomic signatures for 127 distinct states, which 47 correspond neuroglandular subtypes. also identify two putatively immune-related profiles that segregate between inner outer layers. Furthermore, annotation Nv2 markedly improved on transcriptome will therefore be great value community anyone using dataset.

Language: Английский

Citations

17
Origins and diversification of animal innate immune responses against viral infections DOI
Rafael Eiji Iwama, Yehu Moran

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 7(2), P. 182 - 193

Published: Jan. 12, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

36
Functional analysis in a model sea anemone reveals phylogenetic complexity and a role in cnidocyte discharge of DEG/ENaC ion channels DOI Creative Commons
José María Aguilar-Camacho,

Katharina Foreman,

Adrian Jaimes‐Becerra

et al.

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: Jan. 6, 2023

Ion channels of the DEG/ENaC family share a similar structure but serve strikingly diverse biological functions, such as Na

Language: Английский

Citations

17
Investigating the Evolution of Drosophila STING-Dependent Antiviral Innate Immunity by Multispecies Comparison of 2′3′-cGAMP Responses DOI Creative Commons

Léna Hédelin,

Antonin Thiébaut, Jingxian Huang

et al.

Molecular Biology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 41(3)

Published: Feb. 20, 2024

Viruses represent a major threat to all animals, which defend themselves through induction of large set virus-stimulated genes that collectively control the infection. In vertebrates, these include interferons play critical role in amplification response Virus- and interferon-stimulated restriction factors targeting different steps viral replication cycle, addition molecules associated with inflammation adaptive immunity. Predictably, antiviral evolve dynamically pressure. As result, each animal has unique arsenal genes. Here, we exploit capacity experimentally activate evolutionarily conserved stimulator IFN (STING) signaling pathway by injection cyclic dinucleotide 2'3'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate into flies define repertoire STING-regulated 10 Drosophila species, spanning 40 million years evolution. Our data reveal factors, including STING itself, cGAS-like-receptor, factor pastel, protein Vago, but also 2 key components RNA interference pathway, Dicer-2, Argonaute2. addition, identify unknown species- or lineage-specific have not been previously resistance viruses. provide insight core pave way for characterization effectors.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Evolution of the Major Components of Innate Immunity in Animals DOI
Rafael Cardoso Maciel Costa Silva, Fabio M. Gomes

Journal of Molecular Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 92(1), P. 3 - 20

Published: Jan. 28, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

5
The cyclic dinucleotide 2′3′-cGAMP induces a broad antibacterial and antiviral response in the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis DOI Creative Commons
Shally R. Margolis, Peter A. Dietzen, Beth M. Hayes

et al.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 118(51)

Published: Dec. 13, 2021

Significance Cyclic dinucleotides are signaling molecules that originated in bacteria and were subsequently acquired co-opted by animals for immune signaling. The major cyclic dinucleotide pathway mammals results the production of antiviral called interferons. Invertebrates such as sea anemones lack interferons, thus it was unclear whether would play a role immunity these animals. Here, we report anemone Nematostella vectensis , activate both antibacterial responses do so through conserved pathway. These provide insights into evolutionary origins innate suggest broader ancestral evolved toward more specialized functions mammals.

Language: Английский

Citations

31
Functional characterization of a ‘plant-like’ HYL1 homolog in the cnidarian Nematostella vectensis indicates a conserved involvement in microRNA biogenesis DOI Creative Commons

Abhinandan Mani Tripathi,

Yael Admoni, Arie Fridrich

et al.

eLife, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: March 15, 2022

While the biogenesis of microRNAs (miRNAs) in both animals and plants depends on RNase III Dicer, its partner proteins are considered distinct for each kingdom. Nevertheless, recent discovery homologs Hyponastic Leaves1 (HYL1), a ‘plant-specific’ Dicer partner, metazoan phylum Cnidaria, challenges view that miRNAs evolved convergently plants. Here, we show HYL1 homolog Hyl1-like (Hyl1La) is crucial development miRNA cnidarian model Nematostella vectensis . Inhibition Hyl1La by morpholinos resulted metamorphosis arrest embryos significant reduction levels most miRNAs. Further, meta-analysis morphants components, like Dicer1, shows clustering their profiles with morphants. Strikingly, immunoprecipitation followed quantitative PCR revealed contrast to plant HYL1, interacts only precursor not primary This was complemented an vitro binding assay synthetic miRNA. Altogether, these results suggest last common ancestor carried took essential part indicate early emergence system before separated.

Language: Английский

Citations

21
Venom trade-off shapes interspecific interactions, physiology, and reproduction DOI Creative Commons
Joachim M. Surm, Sydney Birch, Jason Macrander

et al.

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(11)

Published: March 13, 2024

The ability of an animal to effectively capture prey and defend against predators is pivotal for survival. Venom often a mixture many components including toxin proteins that shape predator-prey interactions. Here, we used the sea anemone

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Sea Anemone Membrane Attack Complex/Perforin Superfamily Demonstrates an Evolutionary Transitional State between Venomous and Developmental Functions DOI Creative Commons
Joachim M. Surm,

Morani Landau,

Yaara Y. Columbus-Shenkar

et al.

Molecular Biology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 41(5)

Published: April 26, 2024

Abstract Gene duplication is a major force driving evolutionary innovation. A classic example generating new animal toxins via of physiological protein-encoding genes and recruitment into venom. While this process drives the innovation many venoms, reverse nonvenomous cells remains unresolved. Using comparative genomics, we find members Membrane Attack Complex Perforin Family (MAC) have been recruited venom-injecting (cnidocytes), in soft stony corals sea anemones, suggesting that ancestral MAC was cnidocyte expressed toxin. Further investigation model anemone Nematostella vectensis reveals three undergone Nematostella-specific duplications leading to their endomesodermal cells. Furthermore, simultaneous knockdown all endomesodermally MACs leads mis-development, supporting these paralogs function. By resolving history function Nematostella, provide first proof for from venom organismal development.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
An evolutionary perspective to innate antiviral immunity in animals DOI Creative Commons
João T. Marques, Carine Meignin, Jean‐Luc Imler

et al.

Cell Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 43(9), P. 114678 - 114678

Published: Aug. 27, 2024

Viruses pose a significant threat to cellular organisms.Innate antiviral immunity encompasses both RNA-and protein-based mechanisms designed sense and respond infections, fundamental aspect present in all living organisms.A potent RNA-based mechanism is RNA interference, where small RNA-programmed nucleases target viral RNAs.Protein-based often rely on the induction of transcriptional responses triggered by recognition infections through innate immune receptors.These involve upregulation genes aimed at countering infections.In this review, we delve into recent advances understanding diversification animals.An evolutionary perspective gains losses diverse animals coupled mechanistic studies model organisms such as fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster essential provide deep that can be translated new strategies treatment diseases.

Language: Английский

Citations

3