The Health Benefits of Dietary Fibre

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(10), P. 3209 - 3209

Published: Oct. 21, 2020

Background: Dietary fibre consists of non-digestible forms carbohydrate, usually as polysaccharides that originate from plant-based foods. Over recent decades, our diet within Westernised societies has changed radically hominid ancestors, with implications for co-evolved gut microbiota. This includes increased ingestion ultra-processed foods are typically impoverished dietary fibre, and associated reduction in the intake fibre-replete there been a transformation understanding health benefits fibre. Objective: To explore current medical literature on focus overall metabolic health. Data Sources: We performed narrative review, based relevant articles written English PubMed search, using terms ‘dietary health’. Results: In Western world, diets associates (through key pathways include insulin sensitivity) variety other pathologies cardiovascular disease, colonic health, motility risk colorectal carcinoma. also correlates mortality. The microflora functions an important mediator beneficial effects including regulation appetite, processes chronic inflammatory pathways. Conclusions: Multiple factors contribute to fibre-impoverished modern diet. Given plethora scientific evidence corroborate multiple varied risks lacks optimization represents public strategy improve both If implemented successfully, this would likely result substantial future population.

Language: Английский

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Gut Microbiota and Short Chain Fatty Acids: Implications in Glucose Homeostasis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(3), P. 1105 - 1105

Published: Jan. 20, 2022

Gut microbiota encompasses a wide variety of commensal microorganisms consisting trillions bacteria, fungi, and viruses. This microbial population coexists in symbiosis with the host, related metabolites have profound effects on human health. In this respect, gut plays pivotal role regulation metabolic, endocrine, immune functions. Bacterial include short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) acetate (C2), propionate (C3), butyrate (C4), which are most abundant SCFAs body anions colon. made from fermentation dietary fiber resistant starch gut. They modulate several metabolic pathways involved obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes. Thus, diet might influence composition activity, production, effects. narrative review, we discuss relevant research focusing relationship between microbiota, SCFAs, glucose metabolism.

Language: Английский

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Health benefits of resistant starch: A review of the literature

Journal of Functional Foods, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 93, P. 105094 - 105094

Published: May 2, 2022

Starch is an essential source of energy for the human diet. Resistant starch portion that not digested in small intestine and fermented colon by microorganisms, resulting formation short-chain fatty acids, which may be associated with some metabolic effects. In this regard, review aims to present relevant research on health benefits consuming resistant its effects physiological properties such as intestinal health, glycemic balance, lipid metabolism, body weight evaluated. However, effect reducing risk diet-dependent disorders diabetes, obesity, disorders, promising but still inconclusive.

Language: Английский

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Leaky Gut: Effect of Dietary Fiber and Fats on Microbiome and Intestinal Barrier

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(14), P. 7613 - 7613

Published: July 16, 2021

Intestinal tract is the boundary that prevents harmful molecules from invading into mucosal tissue, followed by systemic circulation. permeability an index for intestinal barrier integrity. has been shown to increase in various diseases—not only inflammatory diseases, but also including diabetes, chronic kidney dysfunction, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. Chronic of termed ‘leaky gut’ which observed patients animal models these This state often correlates with disease state. In addition, recent studies have revealed gut microbiota affects heath conditions via their metabolite, especially short-chain fatty acids lipopolysaccharides, can trigger leaky gut. The etiology still unknown; however, uncovered exogenous factors modulate permeability. Nutrients are closely related health actively investigated as a hot topic scientific research. Here, we will review effect nutrients on microbiome better understanding possible mechanism

Language: Английский

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Intestinal Barrier and Permeability in Health, Obesity and NAFLD

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(1), P. 83 - 83

Published: Dec. 31, 2021

The largest surface of the human body exposed to external environment is gut. At this level, intestinal barrier includes luminal microbes, mucin layer, gastrointestinal motility and secretion, enterocytes, immune cells, gut vascular barrier, liver barrier. A healthy characterized by selective permeability nutrients, metabolites, water, bacterial products, processes are governed cellular, neural, immune, hormonal factors. Disrupted (leaky syndrome) can represent a predisposing or aggravating condition in obesity metabolically associated steatosis (nonalcoholic fatty disease, NAFLD). In what follows, we describe morphological-functional features role major modifiers discuss recent evidence pointing key obesity/NAFLD.

Language: Английский

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Feed your microbes to deal with stress: a psychobiotic diet impacts microbial stability and perceived stress in a healthy adult population

Molecular Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 28(2), P. 601 - 610

Published: Oct. 26, 2022

Abstract The impact of diet on the microbiota composition and role in supporting optimal mental health have received much attention last decade. However, whether whole dietary approaches can exert psychobiotic effects is largely understudied. Thus, we investigated influence a (high prebiotic fermented foods) microbial profile function as well outcomes healthy human population. Forty-five adults were randomized into either ( n = 24) or control 21) for 4 weeks. Fecal was characterized using shotgun sequencing. Stress, overall assessed validated questionnaires. Metabolic profiling plasma, urine fecal samples performed. Intervention with resulted reductions perceived stress (32% vs. 17% group), but not between groups. Similarly, biological marker affected. Additionally, higher adherence to stronger decreases stress. While intervention elicited only subtle changes function, significant level 40 specific lipids urinary tryptophan metabolites observed. Lastly, volatility linked greater scores those diet. These results highlight that be used reduce cohort. Using microbiota-targeted diets positively modulate gut-brain communication holds possibilities reduction stress-associated disorders, additional research warranted investigate underlying mechanisms, including microbiota.

Language: Английский

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Polyphenol-Dietary Fiber Conjugates from Fruits and Vegetables: Nature and Biological Fate in a Food and Nutrition Perspective

Foods, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(5), P. 1052 - 1052

Published: March 1, 2023

In the past few years, numerous studies have investigated correlation between polyphenol intake and prevention of several chronic diseases. Research regarding global biological fate bioactivity has been directed to extractable polyphenols that can be found in aqueous-organic extracts, obtained from plant-derived foods. Nevertheless, significant amounts non-extractable polyphenols, closely associated with plant cell wall matrix (namely dietary fibers), are also delivered during digestion, although they ignored biological, nutritional, epidemiological studies. These conjugates gained spotlight because may exert their bioactivities for much longer than polyphenols. Additionally, a technological food perspective, combined fibers become increasingly interesting as could useful industry enhance functionalities. Non-extractable include low molecular weight compounds such phenolic acids high polymeric proanthocyanidins hydrolysable tannins. Studies concerning these scarce, usually refer compositional analysis individual components rather whole fraction. this context, knowledge exploitation polyphenol-dietary fiber will focus review, aiming access potential nutritional effect, together functional properties.

Language: Английский

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The immunological perspective of major depressive disorder: unveiling the interactions between central and peripheral immune mechanisms

Journal of Neuroinflammation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Jan. 19, 2025

Major depressive disorder is a prevalent mental disorder, yet its pathogenesis remains poorly understood. Accumulating evidence implicates dysregulated immune mechanisms as key contributors to disorders. This review elucidates the complex interplay between peripheral and central components underlying pathology. Peripherally, systemic inflammation, gut dysregulation, dysfunction in organs including gut, liver, spleen adipose tissue influence brain function through neural molecular pathways. Within nervous system, aberrant microglial astrocytes activation, cytokine imbalances, compromised blood-brain barrier integrity propagate neuroinflammation, disrupting neurotransmission, impairing neuroplasticity, promoting neuronal injury. The crosstalk immunity creates vicious cycle exacerbating neuropathology. Unraveling these multifaceted immune-mediated provides insights into major disorder's pathogenic basis potential biomarkers targets. Modulating both responses represent promising multidimensional therapeutic strategy.

Language: Английский

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An Almond-Based Low Carbohydrate Diet Improves Depression and Glycometabolism in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes through Modulating Gut Microbiota and GLP-1: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(10), P. 3036 - 3036

Published: Oct. 3, 2020

Background: Alow carbohydrate diet (LCD) is more beneficial for the glycometabolism in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and may be effective reducing depression. Almond, which a common nut, has been shown to effectively improve hyperglycemia depression symptoms. This study aimed determine effect of an almond-based LCD (a-LCD) on glycometabolism, as well gut microbiota fasting glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) patients with T2DM. Methods: was randomized controlled trial compared a-LCD low-fat (LFD). Forty-five participants T2DM at club Endocrine Division First Second Affiliated Hospital Soochow University between December 2018 2019 completed each dietary intervention 3 months, including 22 group 23 LFD group. The indicators biochemical glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), microbiota, GLP-1 concentration were assessed baseline third month two groups. Results: A-LCD significantly improved HbA1c (p < 0.01). Meanwhile, increased short chain fatty acid (SCFAs)-producing bacteria Roseburia, Ruminococcus Eubacterium. higher than that 0.05). Conclusions: could exert We speculate role improving associated it stimulating growth SCFAs-producing bacteria, increasing SCFAs production GPR43 activation, further maintaining secretion. In future studies, activation should examined.

Language: Английский

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Diet, Sleep, and Mental Health: Insights from the UK Biobank Study

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(8), P. 2573 - 2573

Published: July 27, 2021

Diet has long been the focus of attention as a leading risk factor for non-communicable diseases. As such, better understanding it is crucial to establish priorities dietary guidelines and inform, design, implement strategies preventing, helping manage, stopping progression sleep mental health-related symptoms/disorders. The aim current study conduct largest investigation diet, sleep, health date by utilizing UK Biobank (UKB) dataset identify associations between diet (i) quality/health, (ii) symptomatology. This cross-sectional population-based involved 502,494 middle-aged adults. UKB food frequency, psychological factors questionnaires at baseline were used. Scores also calculated healthy symptomatology, partial fibre intake, milk intake. We observed positive with health, especially benefits high intakes vegetable, fruit, fish, water, fibre. However, processed meat intake adversely associated health. These findings make clear that there are wellbeing drawbacks different diets, but do not, this stage, demonstrate causal relationships, which would support interventions might play role in treatment self-management disorders/symptoms. Further research required understand mechanisms actions acts on modulate while taking comorbidity disorders/symptoms into consideration.

Language: Английский

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