Non-invasive, bioluminescence-based visualization and quantification of bacterial infections in Arabidopsis over time DOI Creative Commons
Nanne W. Taks,

Mathijs D. Batstra,

Ronald F. Kortekaas

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 14, 2024

Abstract Plant pathogenic bacteria use various entry strategies to colonize their host, like entering through natural openings and wounds in leaves roots. The vascular pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. (Xcc) enters hydathodes, organs at the leaf margin involved guttation. Subsequently, Xcc breaks out from infected progressing into xylem vessels causing systemic disease. To elucidate mechanisms that underpin different stages of pathogenesis, a need exists image progression planta non-invasive manner. Here, we describe phenotyping setup Python analysis pipeline capturing infection 16 Arabidopsis thaliana plants parallel over time. used both an RGB capture disease symptoms ultra-sensitive CCD camera monitor bacterial inside using bioluminescence. We demonstrate reliably quantifies growth for two species, is mesophyll Pseudomonas syringae tomato. resolution allowed early detection yielding valuable information on this stage process. data obtained automated was robust validated findings other bioluminescence imaging methods, while requiring fewer samples. can thus quantify resistance level large number accessions mutant lines strains manner phenotypic screenings.

Language: Английский

Pathogen perception and signaling in plant immunity DOI Creative Commons
Peter N. Dodds, Jian Chen, Megan A. Outram

et al.

The Plant Cell, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(5), P. 1465 - 1481

Published: Jan. 23, 2024

Abstract Plant diseases are a constant and serious threat to agriculture ecological biodiversity. Plants possess sophisticated innate immunity system capable of detecting responding pathogen infection prevent disease. Our understanding this has grown enormously over the past century. Early genetic descriptions plant disease resistance virulence were embodied in gene-for-gene hypothesis, while physiological studies identified pathogen-derived elicitors that could trigger defense responses cells tissues. Molecular these phenomena have now coalesced into an integrated model involving cell surface intracellular detection specific molecules proteins culminating induction various cellular responses. Extracellular receptors engage distinct signaling processes but converge on many similar outputs with substantial evidence for integration pathways interdependent networks controlling outcomes. Many molecular details recognition known, providing opportunities bioengineering enhance protection from Here we provide overview current main principles immunity, emphasis key scientific milestones leading insights.

Language: Английский

Citations

33
Plant NLR immunity activation and execution: a biochemical perspective DOI Creative Commons
Federica Locci, Jane E. Parker

Open Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Plants deploy cell-surface and intracellular receptors to detect pathogen attack trigger innate immune responses. Inside host cells, families of nucleotide-binding/leucine-rich repeat (NLR) proteins serve as sensors or downstream mediators defence outputs cell death, which prevent disease. Established genetic underpinnings NLR-mediated immunity revealed various strategies plants adopt combat rapidly evolving microbial pathogens. The molecular mechanisms NLR activation signal transmission components controlling execution were less clear. Here, we review recent protein structural biochemical insights plant sensor signalling functions. When put together, the data show how different families, whether transducers, converge on nucleotide-based second messengers cellular calcium confer immunity. Although pathogen-activated NLRs in engage plant-specific machineries promote defence, comparisons with mammalian receptor counterparts highlight some shared working principles for across kingdoms.

Language: Английский

Citations

19
Plant Toll/interleukin-1 receptor/resistance protein domains physically associate with enhanced disease susceptibility1 family proteins in immune signaling DOI Creative Commons
Jian Chen, Xiaoxiao Zhang, Maud Bernoux

et al.

iScience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(2), P. 108817 - 108817

Published: Jan. 24, 2024

Plant Toll/interleukin-1 receptor/resistance protein (TIR) type nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat immune receptors (NLRs) require enhanced disease susceptibility 1 (EDS1) family proteins the helper NLRs NRG1 ADR1 for activation. We show that

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Bacillus cereus NJ01 induces SA- and ABA-mediated immunity against bacterial pathogens through the EDS1-WRKY18 module DOI Creative Commons

Dacheng Wang,

Lirong Wei, Jinbiao Ma

et al.

Cell Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 43(4), P. 113985 - 113985

Published: March 21, 2024

Emerging evidence suggests a beneficial role of rhizobacteria in ameliorating plant disease resistance an environment-friendly way. In this study, we characterize rhizobacterium, Bacillus cereus NJ01, that enhances bacterial pathogen rice and Arabidopsis. Transcriptome analyses show root inoculation NJ01 induces the expression salicylic acid (SA)- abscisic (ABA)-related genes Arabidopsis leaves. Genetic showed EDS1, PAD4, WRKY18 are required for B. NJ01-induced resistance. An EDS1-PAD4 complex interacts with its DNA binding activity. directly binds to W box promoter region SA biosynthesis gene ICS1 ABA NCED3 NCED5 contributes Taken together, our findings indicate EDS1/PAD4-WRKY18 rhizobacteria-induced

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Positive regulation of BBX11 by NAC053 confers stomatal and apoplastic immunity against bacterial infection in Arabidopsis DOI Open Access
Sheng Luo,

Charles Tetteh,

Zhiqiang Song

et al.

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 20, 2025

Stomatal immunity and apoplastic are critical for preventing microbial phytopathogenesis. However, the specific regulatory mechanisms of these resistances remain unclear. In this study, a BBX11 transcription factor (TF) was identified in Arabidopsis found to participate stomatal apoplast immunity. Phenotypic, biochemical, genetic analyses revealed that NAC053 contributed resistance against Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato DC3000 (Pst DC3000) by positively regulating BBX11. TF expressed constitutively guard cells acts as positive regulator plant defense Pst through suppression coronatine (COR)-induced reopening, mitigating virulence COR alleviating COR-triggered systemic susceptibility apoplast. be involved PTI responses induced flg22, such closure, reactive oxygen species accumulation, MAPK activation, callose deposition, thereby enhancing disease resistance. Yeast one-hybrid screening potential interacted with promoter also regulated DC3000. These findings underscore significance transcriptional activation DC3000, understanding response bacterial pathogens.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Non‐Invasive, Bioluminescence‐Based Visualisation and Quantification of Bacterial Infections in Arabidopsis Over Time DOI Creative Commons
Nanne W. Taks,

Mathijs D. Batstra,

Ronald F. Kortekaas

et al.

Molecular Plant Pathology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Plant‐pathogenic bacteria colonise their hosts using various strategies, exploiting both natural openings and wounds in leaves roots. The vascular pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. (Xcc) enters its host through hydathodes, organs at the leaf margin involved guttation. Subsequently, Xcc breaches hydathode–xylem barrier progresses into xylem vessels causing systemic disease. To elucidate mechanisms that underpin different stages of an infection, a need exists to image bacterial progression planta non‐invasive manner. Here, we describe phenotyping setup Python analysis pipeline for capturing 16 independent infections Arabidopsis thaliana plants parallel over time. combines RGB camera imaging disease symptoms ultrasensitive CCD monitoring inside bioluminescence. method reliably quantified growth two species, is, mesophyll Pseudomonas syringae tomato (Pst). resolution allowed already yielding reproducible data first prior infection. Data obtained was robust validated findings from other bioluminescence methods, while requiring fewer samples. Moreover, detected within 5 min, offering significant time advantage our previously reported with light‐sensitive films. Thus, this is suitable quantify resistance level large number accessions mutant lines strains manner phenotypic screenings.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Auxin-salicylic acid seesaw regulates the age-dependent balance between plant growth and herbivore defense DOI Creative Commons
Wen‐Hao Han, Fengbin Zhang,

Shun‐Xia Ji

et al.

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(19)

Published: May 9, 2025

According to the plant vigor hypothesis, younger, more vigorous plants tend be susceptible herbivores compared older, mature plants, yet molecular mechanisms underlying this dynamic remain elusive. Here, we uncover a hormonal cross-talk framework that orchestrates age-related balance between growth and herbivore defense. We demonstrate accumulation of salicylic acid (SA), synthesized by Nicotiana benthamiana phenylalanine ammonia-lyase 6 (NbPAL6), dictates insect resistance in adult plants. NbPAL6 expression is driven key transcription factor, NbMYB42, which regulated two interacting auxin response factors, NbARF18La/b. In juvenile higher levels activate Nb miR160c, microRNA simultaneously silences NbARF18La/b , subsequently reducing NbMYB42 expression, lowering SA accumulation, thus weakening Excessive enhances defense but antagonizes signaling, impairing early growth. Our findings suggest seesaw-like model balances depending on plant’s developmental stage.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Recognition of a salivary effector by the TNL protein RCSP promotes effector‐triggered immunity and systemic resistance in Nicotiana benthamiana DOI Open Access
Weiwei Rao, Tingting Ma, Jiayuan Cao

et al.

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 30, 2024

ABSTRACT Insects secret chemosensory proteins (CSPs) into plant cells as potential effector during feeding. The molecular mechanisms underlying how CSPs activate immunity remain largely unknown. We show that from six distinct insect orders induce dwarfism when overexpressed in Nicotiana benthamiana . Agrobacterium‐mediated transient expression of Nilaparvata lugens CSP11 (NlCSP11) triggered cell death and dwarfism, both which were dependent on ENHANCED DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY 1 (EDS1), N requirement gene (NRG1) SENESCENCE‐ASSOCIATED GENE 101 (SAG101), indicating the activation effector‐triggered (ETI) N. Overexpression NlCSP11 led to stronger systemic resistance against Pseudomonas syringae DC3000 lacking HopQ1‐1 tobacco mosaic virus, induced higher accumulation salicylic acid (SA) uninfiltrated leaves compared another XopQ is recognized by a Toll‐interleukin‐1 receptor (TIR) domain nucleotide‐binding leucine‐rich repeat (TNL) called ROQ1 Consistently, NlCSP11‐induced resistance, but not death, abolished transgenic line expressing SA‐degrading enzyme NahG Through large‐scale virus‐induced silencing screening, we identified TNL protein mediates recognition (RCSP), including aphid MP10 triggers aphids Co‐immunoprecipitation, bimolecular fluorescence complementation AlphaFold2 prediction unveiled an interaction between RCSP. Interestingly, RCSP does contain conserved catalytic glutamic TIR domain, required for function. Our findings point enhanced ETI via hyperactivation SA pathway. Moreover, first recognize effector.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Switch of TIR signaling by a Ca2+ sensor activates ADR1 recognition of pRib-AMP-EDS1-PAD4 for stomatal immunity DOI Creative Commons
Hanling Wang,

Jiaxin Tan,

Xiulin Cui

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 2, 2024

Abstract Plants swiftly close stomata upon detecting pathogen entry, a crucial defense termed stomatal immunity. The process is initiated by cell-surface pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that perceive pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and evoke series of early cellular responses including calcium ions (Ca 2+ ) influx, conducted the intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine-rich-repeat (NLRs) ADR1s within an EDS1-PAD4-ADR1 module. However, underlying mechanisms linking PRR signaling to NLRs remain unclear. Here, we show Nicotiana benthamiana Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR)-only protein Stomatal TIR1 (STIR1) produces immune molecule pRib-AMP, induces formation complexes, mediates Inhibitor Immunity C2-domain 1 (ISIC1) interacts with constrains STIR1 function at basal condition, whereas infection, ISIC1 senses Ca signals de-represses signaling. Cryo-electron microscopy structure infection-elicited Arabidopsis AtEDS1-AtPAD4-AtADR1-L2 complex reveals pRib-AMP binding AtEDS1-AtPAD4 AtADR1-L2 pRib-AMP-AtPAD4-AtEDS1 for Collectively, this study uncovers repression/de-repression mechanism sensor/TIR-only node, elucidates NLR pRib-AMP-EDS1-PAD4 in governing innate Synopsis At sensor inhibits TIR-only STIR1; perceives signal releases produce pRib-AMP; EDS1-PAD4 binds recognized ADR1-L2, thereby activating

Language: Английский

Citations

2
A virulent milRNA of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense impairs plant resistance by targeting banana AP2 transcription factor coding gene MaPTI6L DOI Creative Commons

Jiaqi Zhong,

Junjian Situ, Chengcheng He

et al.

Horticulture Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(4)

Published: Dec. 28, 2024

Abstract Fungi produce microRNA-like RNAs (milRNAs) with functional importance in various biological processes. Our previous research identified a new milRNA Foc-milR87 from Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, which contributes to fungal virulence by targeting the pathogen glycosyl hydrolase encoding gene. However, potential roles of milRNAs interactions hosts are not well understood. This study demonstrated that specifically suppressed expression MaPTI6L, pathogenesis-related gene encodes transcriptional activator banana (Musa acuminata Cavendish group cv. ‘Baxi Jiao’) genome, 3'untranslated region (UTR) MaPTI6L. Transient overexpression MaPTI6L activated plant defense responses depend on its nuclear localization, yet co-expression attenuated these responses. enhanced resistance promoting transcription salicylic acid signaling pathway marker MaEDS1. Sequence analysis 19 varieties, particularly those resistant wilt, uncovered single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at target sites. Experimental validation showed SNPs significantly reduce microRNA's ability suppress expression. findings reveal plays an important role impairing mRNA and reducing MaEDS1 during early infection stage, suggesting 3'UTR as promising for genome editing generation disease-resistant cultivars.

Language: Английский

Citations

1