Measuring and increasing rates of self-isolation in the context of infectious diseases: A systematic review with narrative synthesis DOI Creative Commons
Louise Smith, Alex F. Martin, Samantha K. Brooks

et al.

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 29, 2023

Abstract Background Self-isolation was used to prevent the spread of COVID-19 and will likely be in future infectious disease outbreaks. Method We conducted a systematic review following PRISMA SWiM guidelines. MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, Web Science, PsyArXiv, medRxiv, grey literature sources were searched (1 January 2020 13 December 2022) using terms related COVID-19, isolation, adherence. Studies included if they contained original, quantitative data self-isolation adherence during pandemic. extracted definitions self-isolation, measures quantify adherence, rates, factors associated with The registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022377820). Findings 45 studies. inconsistently defined. Only four studies did not use self-report measure Of 41 measures, only one reported reliability; another gave indirect evidence for lack validity measure. Rates ranged from 0% 100%. There little that socio-demographic or psychological factors. Interpretation no consensus defining, operationalising, measuring self-isolation. study presented psychometric properties highlighting significant risk bias This, dearth scientifically rigorous evaluating effectiveness interventions increase is fundamental gap literature. Funding This funded by Research England Policy Support Fund 2022-23; authors supported NIHR Health Protection Unit Emergency Preparedness Response.

Language: Английский

SARS-CoV-2 Variants: Genetic Insights, Epidemiological Tracking, and Implications for Vaccine Strategies DOI Open Access
Fatimah S. Alhamlan, Ahmed A. Al‐Qahtani

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(3), P. 1263 - 1263

Published: Jan. 31, 2025

The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants has significantly impacted the global response to COVID-19 pandemic. This review examines genetic diversity variants, their roles in epidemiological tracking, and influence on viral fitness. Variants concern (VOCs) such as Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, Omicron have demonstrated increased transmissibility, altered pathogenicity, potential resistance neutralizing antibodies. Epidemiological tracking these is crucial for understanding spread, informing public health interventions, guiding vaccine development. also explores how specific mutations spike protein other genomic regions contribute fitness, affecting replication efficiency, immune escape, transmission dynamics. By integrating surveillance data with clinical findings, this provides a comprehensive overview ongoing evolution its implications strategies new

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Effectiveness of testing, contact tracing and isolation interventions among the general population on reducing transmission of SARS-CoV-2: a systematic review DOI Creative Commons
Hannah Littlecott, Clare P Herd,

John O’Rourke

et al.

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 381(2257)

Published: Aug. 23, 2023

We conducted a systematic literature review of general population testing, contact tracing, case isolation and quarantine interventions to assess their effectiveness in reducing SARS-CoV-2 transmission, as implemented real-world settings. designed broad search strategy aimed identify peer-reviewed studies any design provided there was quantitative measure on transmission outcome. Studies that assessed the effect testing or diagnosis disease outcomes via treatment, but did not outcome, were included. focused among rather than specific settings; these from anywhere world published time after 1 January 2020 until end 2022. From 26 720 titles abstracts, 1181 reviewed full text, 25 met our inclusion criteria. These included one randomized control trial (RCT) remaining 24 analysed empirical data made some attempt for confounding. categorized by type intervention: tracing (seven studies); strategies (12 isolating cases/contacts (four 'test, trace, isolate' (TTI) part package (two studies). None rated at low risk bias many serious bias, particularly due likely presence uncontrolled confounding factors, which major challenge assessing independent effects TTI observational studies. factors are be expected during an on-going pandemic, when emphasis epidemic burden design. Findings suggested important public health role followed isolation, especially where mass serial used reduce transmission. Some most compelling analyses came examining fine-grained within-country tracing; while broader compared behaviour between countries also often found led reduced mortality, this universal. There limited evidence benefit away home environment. One study, RCT, showed daily contacts could viable replace lengthy contacts. Based scarcity robust evidence, we able draw firm conclusions about impact different contexts. While majority scale is only available scenarios hence necessarily generalizable. Our therefore emphasizes need conduct experimental help inform optimal Work needed support such context future emerging epidemics, along with assessments cost-effectiveness interventions, beyond scope will critical decision-making. This article theme issue 'The non-pharmaceutical COVID-19 pandemic: evidence'.

Language: Английский

Citations

23
Investigating the FLiRT Variants of COVID-19: Is it An Emerging Concern? DOI
Durre Aden, Sufian Zaheer

Pathology - Research and Practice, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 262, P. 155542 - 155542

Published: Aug. 13, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Executive Summary to the Royal Society report “COVID-19: examining the effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical interventions” DOI Creative Commons
Mark Walport

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 381(2257)

Published: Aug. 23, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

14
Non-pharmaceutical interventions to reduce COVID-19 transmission in the UK: a rapid mapping review and interactive evidence gap map DOI Creative Commons
Daphné Duval, Bridie Evans,

Angélique Sanders

et al.

Journal of Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 46(2), P. e279 - e293

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

Abstract Background Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) were crucial in the response to COVID-19 pandemic, although uncertainties about their effectiveness remain. This work aimed better understand evidence generated during pandemic on of NPIs implemented UK. Methods We conducted a rapid mapping review (search date: 1 March 2023) identify primary studies reporting reduce transmission. Included displayed an interactive gap map. Results After removal duplicates, 11 752 records screened. Of these, 151 included, including 100 modelling but only 2 randomized controlled trials and 10 longitudinal observational studies. Most reported isolate those who are or may become infectious, number contacts. There was for hand respiratory hygiene, ventilation cleaning. Conclusions Our findings show that despite large published, there is still lack robust evaluations need build evaluation into design implementation public health policies from start any future other emergency.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical interventions as implemented in the UK during the COVID-19 pandemic: a rapid review DOI Creative Commons
Thulani Ashcroft, Emilie McSwiggan, Eldad Agyei‐Manu

et al.

Journal of Public Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 4, 2025

Although non-pharmaceutical inventions (NPIs) were used globally to control the spread of COVID-19, their effectiveness remains uncertain. We aimed assess evidence on NPIs as implemented in UK, allow public health bodies prepare for future pandemics. rapid systematic methods (search date: January 2024) identify, critically appraise and synthesize interventional, observational modelling studies reporting NPI UK. Eighty-five modelling, nine three interventional included. Modelling had multiple quality issues; six 12 non-modelling high quality. The best available was test release strategies case contacts (moderate certainty), which suggestive a protective effect. school-related universal lockdown also effect, this considered low certainty. Evidence certainty remaining very or inconclusive. validity reliability UK during COVID-19 pandemic is weak. To improve generation support decision-making pandemics other emergencies, it essential build evaluation into design interventions.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Key factors determining the development of SARS-CoV-2 testing strategies in EU countries: a mixed-methods study DOI Creative Commons
L S Kengne Kamga,

A C G Voordouw,

Martine C. de Vries

et al.

BMJ Public Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 3(1), P. e001269 - e001269

Published: March 1, 2025

Background The WHO and the European Center for Disease Prevention Control (ECDC) advocated extensive testing as a crucial pillar in managing COVID-19 pandemic. Yet, public health emergency responses varied across countries. In particular, there were differences national laboratory capacities diagnostic strategies. This study was conducted during pandemic to identify key factors developing national, SARS-CoV-2 strategies selection of Methods A mixed-methods study, comprising an interview phase survey phase, performed. First, laboratory, policy-making and/or experts from different countries interviewed between 8 January 2021 19 March 2021, review development implementation Second, cross-sectional among ECDC National Focal Points (NFP) Preparedness Response Microbiology July October 2022 validate findings. Results 12 identified following determining SARS-COV-2 their countries: (1) changing goals over time, (2) prevailing epidemiological situation, (3) capacities, (4) availability reference laboratories, (5) supply stockpiling material, (6) human resources (7) quality management standards laboratories. stressed important role stockpile management, existence expert networks, well centralisation decision-making. Lastly, actors responsible strategy putting place ‘coordination, accountability governance’ proved be pivotal. outcome with 15 NFPs demonstrated that generally changed time include broader group individuals. Furthermore, ‘Ministry Health’, ‘Public officials’, ‘National institutes’ Expert advisory groups’ selected players by respondents. Conclusions general, scope included this expanded progressed. discussed contributed

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Assessing the effectiveness of test-trace-isolate interventions using a multi-layered temporal network DOI Creative Commons
Yi Cai, Weiyi Wang,

Li Yu

et al.

Infectious Disease Modelling, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 10(3), P. 775 - 786

Published: March 14, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Using the Abbott™ PANBIO™ COVID-19 SELF-TEST Rapid Test in Patients Seen at INER DOI Creative Commons

Kenny Alonso Cantón Cruz,

M. Barrón, Israel Agustín Morales Lozada

et al.

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(5), P. 1012 - 1012

Published: April 22, 2025

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need for rapid and accurate tests to detect SARS-CoV-2. Objectives: This study evaluates effectiveness of Panbio™ Antigen Self-Test test compared reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Methods: A prospective diagnostic testing was performed. Patients with respiratory symptoms who provided informed consent were included. Results: We included 205 patients underwent both tests. mean age 35.55 ± 12.62 years, 64% participants female. Sensitivity specificity 71.2% (95% CI: 62.5–79.9%) 100% 96.4–100%), respectively. Conclusions: If a is positive within first 72 h after onset symptoms, we can be sure that it case COVID-19; however, when antigen negative, confirmation RT-PCR necessary. Its ease use results moderate precision make valuable tool early detection.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
SARS-CoV-2 surveillance in a hospital and control of an outbreak on a geriatric ward using whole genome sequencing DOI Creative Commons
Hanno Schmidt, Niels A. W. Lemmermann, Matthias Linke

et al.

Infection Prevention in Practice, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(3), P. 100383 - 100383

Published: July 6, 2024

During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, dominant viral variants were repeatedly replaced by new with altered properties, frequently changing dynamics of infection event, as well effectiveness vaccines and therapeutics. variant monitoring whole genome sequencing was established at University Medical Center Mainz, Germany to support patient management during pandemic. RNA samples from analysed weekly sequencing. The sequences obtained aligned public databases perform assignment. For classification purposes, phylogenetic trees constructed map distribution in clinical settings current outbreak events that time. We describe surveillance procedures using an example a geriatric ward. monitoring, time series created covering two years changes Alpha Delta Omicron could thus be precisely observed. increasingly rapid switch subvariants recent past tracked. elucidation relationships between circulating strains allowed conclusions about transmission pathways. Using ward, we demonstrated how supported prevention control on ward contribute outbreaks. This demonstrates targeted, local molecular analysis. program proved instrumental controlling

Language: Английский

Citations

1