Molecular basis and regulatory mechanisms underlying fungal insecticides' resistance to solar ultraviolet irradiation

Pest Management Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 78(1), P. 30 - 42

Published: Aug. 16, 2021

Abstract Resistance to solar ultraviolet (UV) irradiation is crucial for field‐persistent control efficacies of fungal formulations against arthropod pests, because their active ingredients are formulated conidia very sensitive UV wavelengths. This review seeks summarize advances in studies aiming quantify, understand and improve conidial resistance. One focus has been on the many sets genes that have revealed postgenomic era contribute or mediate resistance insect pathogens serving as main sources insecticides. Such genetic unveiled broad basis UV‐resistant molecules including cytosolic solutes, cell wall components, various antioxidant enzymes, numerous effectors signaling proteins, function developmental, biosynthetic stress‐responsive pathways. Another molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying photorepair UV‐induced DNA lesions photoreactivation UV‐impaired conidia. Studies shed light upon a photoprotective mechanism depending not only one two photorepair‐required photolyases, but also white collar proteins other partners play similar more important roles via interactions with photolyases. Research hotspots suggested explore network photoprotection development application strategies © 2021 Society Chemical Industry.

Language: Английский

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AoSsk1, a Response Regulator Required for Mycelial Growth and Development, Stress Responses, Trap Formation, and the Secondary Metabolism in Arthrobotrys oligospora

Journal of Fungi, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(3), P. 260 - 260

Published: March 3, 2022

Ssk1, a response regulator of the two-component signaling system, plays an important role in cellular to hyperosmotic stress fungi. Herein, ortholog ssk1 (Aossk1) was characterized nematode-trapping fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora using gene disruption and multi-phenotypic comparison. The deletion Aossk1 resulted defective growth, deformed swollen hyphal cells, increased septum, shrunken nucleus. Compared wild-type (WT) strain, number autophagosomes lipid droplets cells ΔAossk1 mutant decreased, whereas their volumes considerably increased. caused 95% reduction conidial yield remarkable defects tolerance osmotic oxidative stress. Meanwhile, transcript levels several sporulation-related genes were significantly decreased compared WT including abaA, brlA, flbC, fluG, rodA. Moreover, loss increase trap formation predation efficiency. In addition, many metabolites markedly downregulated strain. Our results highlight that AoSsk1 is crucial asexual development, responses, secondary metabolism, pathogenicity, can be useful probing regulatory mechanism underlying lifestyle switching

Language: Английский

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The cAMP‐PKA signalling pathway regulates hyphal growth, conidiation, trap morphogenesis, stress tolerance, and autophagy in Arthrobotrys oligospora

Environmental Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 24(12), P. 6524 - 6538

Published: Oct. 19, 2022

The cyclic adenosine monophosphate-protein kinase A (cAMP-PKA) signalling pathway is evolutionarily conserved in eukaryotes and plays a crucial role defending against external environmental challenges, which can modulate the cellular response to stimuli. Arthrobotrys oligospora typical nematode-trapping fungus that specializes adhesive networks kill nematodes. To elucidate biological roles of cAMP-PKA pathway, we characterized orthologous adenylate cyclase AoAcy, regulatory subunit (AoPkaR), two catalytic subunits (AoPkaC1 AoPkaC2) PKA A. by gene disruption, transcriptome, metabolome analyses. Deletion Aoacy significantly reduced levels cAMP arthrobotrisins. Results revealed Aoacy, AopkaR, AopkaC1 were involved hyphal growth, trap morphogenesis, sporulation, stress resistance, autophagy. In addition, regulation mitochondrial morphology, thereby affecting energy metabolism, whereas AopkaC2 affected nuclei, Multi-omics results showed regulated multiple metabolic processes. Collectively, these data highlight indispensable development, pathogenicity oligospora, provide insights into mechanisms pathways formation, lifestyle transition.

Language: Английский

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Differential Roles of Five Fluffy Genes (flbA–flbE) in the Lifecycle In Vitro and In Vivo of the Insect–Pathogenic Fungus Beauveria bassiana

Journal of Fungi, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(4), P. 334 - 334

Published: March 23, 2022

The fluffy genes flbA-flbE are well-known players in the upstream developmental activation pathway that activates key gene brlA of central (CDP) to initiate conidiation Aspergillus nidulans. Here, we report insignificant roles their orthologs radial growth Beauveria bassiana under normal culture conditions and different stresses although flbA flbD were involved respective responses heat shock H2O2. Aerial level was lowered deletion mutants flbB flbE (~15%) less than flbC (~30%), which CDP abaA repressed consistently during incubation. CDP-controlled blastospore production submerged cultures mimicking insect hemolymph abolished mutant with being sharply repressed, decreased by 55% only downregulated. fungal virulence against a model attenuated absence more irrespective cuticle infection or cuticle-bypassing (intrahemocoel injection). These findings unravel important role flbC, but null flbB/D/E, B. bassiana's insect-pathogenic lifecycle scenario distinctive from A.nidulans.

Language: Английский

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Hydrophobin CmHYD1 Is Involved in Conidiation, Infection and Primordium Formation, and Regulated by GATA Transcription Factor CmAreA in Edible Fungus, Cordyceps militaris

Journal of Fungi, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 7(8), P. 674 - 674

Published: Aug. 20, 2021

Hydrophobins are a family of small proteins exclusively secreted by fungi, and play variety roles in the life cycle. Cmhyd1, one hydrophobin class II members Cordyceps militaris, has been shown to have high transcript level during fruiting body development. Here, deletion Cmhyd1 results reduction aerial mycelia, conidiation, hydrophobicity infection ability, complete inhibition pigmentation primordium differentiation. plays conidiation cuticle-bypassing regulating transcripts frequency clock protein, Cmfrq, velvet Cmvosa, as well formation via mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. also participates stress response, including tolerance mycelia osmotic oxidative stresses, conidia or low temperatures. CmAreA, transcription factor nitrogen regulatory, is recruited promoter activates with coactivator CmOTam using electrophoretic mobility shift assays transient luciferase expression tobacco. Furthermore, CmHYD1 proved regulate Cmarea at different developmental stages positive feedback loop. These reveal diverse regulation C. provide insights into regulatory mechanism mushrooms.

Language: Английский

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Roles of BrlA and AbaA in Mediating Asexual and Insect Pathogenic Lifecycles of Metarhizium robertsii

Journal of Fungi, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(10), P. 1110 - 1110

Published: Oct. 21, 2022

BrlA and AbaA are key activators of the central developmental pathway (CDP) that controls asexual development in Aspergillus but their roles remain insufficiently understood hypocerealean insect pathogens. Here, regulatory orthologs Metarhizium robertsii (Clavicipitaceae) were characterized for comparison to those elucidated previously Beauveria bassiana (Cordycipitaceae) at phenotypic transcriptomic levels. Time-course transcription profiles brlA, abaA, other CDP activator gene wetA revealed they not so sequentially activated M. as learned Aspergillus. Aerial conidiation essential fungal infection dispersal, submerged blastospore production mimicking yeast-like budding proliferation hemocoel, pathogenicity via cuticular penetration all abolished a consequence brlA or abaA disruption, which had little impact on normal hyphal growth. The disruptants severely compromised virulence cuticle-bypassing (intrahemocoel injection) differentially impaired cellular tolerance oxidative cell wall-perturbing stresses. ΔbrlA ΔabaA mutant shad 255 233 dysregulated genes (up/down ratios: 52:203 101:122) respectively, including 108 co-dysregulated. These counts small compared with 1513 2869 707:806 1513:1356) identified mutants B. bassiana. Results only conserved control also indispensable adaptation insect-pathogenic lifecycle host habitats. Intriguingly, BrlA- AbaA-controlled expression networks largely different between two pathogens, similar phenotypes absence either abaA.

Language: Английский

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Recovery of insect-pathogenic fungi from solar UV damage: Molecular mechanisms and prospects

Advances in applied microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 59 - 82

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Comprehensive Insights into the Remarkable Function and Regulatory Mechanism of FluG during Asexual Development in Beauveria bassiana

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(11), P. 6261 - 6261

Published: June 6, 2024

Asexual development is the main propagation and transmission mode of Beauveria bassiana basis its pathogenicity. The regulation mechanism conidiation key gene resources for utilization are links to improving conidia yield quality bassiana. Their clarification may promote industrialization fungal pesticides. Here, we compared morphology, resistance external stress, virulence, nutrient capacity between upstream developmental regulatory fluG genes brlA, abaA, wetA in central growth pathway. results showed that ΔbrlA ΔabaA mutants completely lost conidiate ΔwetA mutant had seriously reduced capacity. Although deletion did not reduce ability as much deletions wetA, it significantly response utilization, while three other little effect. Via transcriptome analysis screening yeast nuclear system library, found differentially expressed ΔfluG were concentrated signaling pathways ABC transporters, propionate metabolism, tryptophan DNA replication, mismatch repair, fatty acid metabolism. FluG directly acted on 40 proteins involved various such oxidative cell homeostasis. indicated function was mainly homeostasis, stress. Our revealed biological asexual responses several environmental stresses well influence network B.

Language: Английский

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FluG and FluG-like FlrA Coregulate Manifold Gene Sets Vital for Fungal Insect-Pathogenic Lifestyle but Not Involved in Asexual Development

mSystems, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(4)

Published: July 11, 2022

FluG is a core regulator upstream of central developmental pathway (CDP) in Aspergillus nidulans but multiple FluG-like regulators (FLRs) remain functionally uncharacterized ascomycetes. Our previous study revealed no role for the CDP activation and an existence sole FLR (FlrA) insect-pathogenic fungus.

Language: Английский

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Functional Analysis of Two Affinity cAMP Phosphodiesterases in the Nematode-Trapping Fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora

Pathogens, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(4), P. 405 - 405

Published: March 26, 2022

Phosphodiesterases are essential regulators of cyclic nucleotide signaling with diverse physiological functions. Two phosphodiesterases, PdeH and PdeL, have been identified from yeast filamentous fungi. Here, the orthologs PdeL were characterized in a typical nematode-trapping fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora by gene disruption phenotypic comparison. Deletion AopdeH caused serious defects mycelial growth, conidiation, stress response, trap formation, nematicidal efficiency compared to wild-type strain. In contrast, these phenotypes no significant difference absence AopdeL. addition, deletion AopdeL resulted remarkable increase cAMP level during vegetative growth number autophagosomes was decreased ΔAopdeH ΔAopdeL mutants, whereas their volumes considerably increased. Moreover, metabolomic analyses revealed that many metabolites downregulated mutant expression Our results indicate AoPdeH plays crucial role secondary metabolism, formation. AoPdeL only minor hyphal conidial morphology, autophagy, formation A. oligospora. This work expands roles phosphodiesterases deepens understanding regulation

Language: Английский

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