Redox Biology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
61, P. 102622 - 102622
Published: Feb. 1, 2023
The
Aryl
Hydrocarbon
Receptor
(AHR)
is
a
ligand-dependent
transcription
factor
able
to
control
complex
transcriptional
processes
in
several
cell
types,
which
has
been
correlated
with
various
diseases,
including
inflammatory
bowel
diseases
(IBD).
Numerous
studies
have
described
different
compounds
as
ligands
of
this
receptor,
like
xenobiotics,
natural
compounds,
and
host-derived
metabolites.
Dietary
(poly)phenols
studied
regarding
their
pleiotropic
activities
(e.g.,
neuroprotective
anti-inflammatory),
but
AHR
modulatory
capabilities
also
considered.
However,
dietary
are
submitted
extensive
metabolism
the
gut
microbiota).
Thus,
resulting
phenolic
metabolites
could
be
key
players
modulating
since
they
ones
that
reach
cells
may
exert
effects
on
throughout
other
organs.
This
review
aims
at
comprehensive
search
for
most
abundant
detected
quantified
humans
understand
how
many
modulators
what
impact
processes.
Even
though
anti-inflammatory
capacities,
only
1
metabolite,
modulator,
evaluated
intestinal
models.
Searching
novel
strategy
against
IBD.
Food & Function,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15(9), P. 4682 - 4702
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Cereals
are
the
main
source
of
energy
in
human
diet.
Compared
to
refined
grains,
whole
grains
retain
more
beneficial
components,
including
dietary
fiber,
polyphenols,
proteins,
vitamins,
and
minerals.
Dietary
fiber
bound
polyphenols
(biounavailable)
cereals
important
active
substances
that
can
be
metabolized
by
gut
microorganisms
affect
intestinal
environment.
There
is
a
close
relationship
between
microbiota
structures
various
disease
phenotypes,
although
consistency
this
link
affected
many
factors,
specific
mechanisms
still
unclear.
Remodeling
unfavorable
widely
recognized
as
an
way
target
improve
diseases.
This
paper
mainly
reviews
interaction
cereal-derived
also
summarizes
changes
possible
molecular
related
glycolipid
metabolism.
The
exploration
single
ingredients
their
synergistic
health
will
contribute
better
understanding
benefits
grains.
It
further
help
promote
healthier
grain
foods
cultivating
new
varieties
with
potential
optimizing
processing
methods.
Redox Biology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
71, P. 103068 - 103068
Published: Feb. 13, 2024
Following
ingestion
of
fruits,
vegetables
and
derived
products,
(poly)phenols
that
are
not
absorbed
in
the
upper
gastrointestinal
tract
pass
to
colon,
where
they
undergo
microbiota-mediated
ring
fission
resulting
production
a
diversity
low
molecular
weight
phenolic
catabolites,
which
appear
circulatory
system
excreted
urine
along
with
their
phase
II
metabolites.
There
is
increasing
interest
these
catabolites
because
potential
bioactivity
use
as
biomarkers
(poly)phenol
intake.
Investigating
fate
dietary
(poly)phenolics
colon
has
become
confounded
result
recent
realisation
many
phenolics
appearing
biofluids
can
also
be
from
aromatic
amino
acids,
l-phenylalanine
l-tyrosine,
lesser
extent
catecholamines,
reactions
catalysed
by
both
colonic
microbiota
endogenous
mammalian
enzymes.
The
available
evidence,
albeit
currently
rather
limited,
indicates
substantial
amounts
originate
phenylalanine
tyrosine,
while
somewhat
smaller
quantities
produced
(poly)phenols.
This
review
outlines
information
on
this
topic
assesses
procedures
used
help
distinguish
between
originating
(poly)phenols,
two
acids
catecholamines.
Molecular Aspects of Medicine,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
89, P. 101146 - 101146
Published: Oct. 5, 2022
This
systematic
review
summarizes
findings
from
human
studies
investigating
the
different
routes
of
absorption,
metabolism,
distribution
and
excretion
(ADME)
dietary
flavan-3-ols
their
circulating
metabolites
in
healthy
subjects.
Literature
searches
were
performed
PubMed,
Scopus
Web
Science.
Human
intervention
using
single
and/or
multiple
intake
food,
extracts,
pure
compounds
included.
Forty-nine
met
inclusion
criteria.
Up
to
180
quantified
blood
urine
samples
following
flavan-3-ols,
mainly
as
phase
2
conjugates
microbial
catabolites
(n
=
97),
with
phenyl-γ-valerolactones
being
most
representative
ones
34).
Phase
monomers
phenyl-γ-valerolactones,
main
both
plasma
urine,
reached
two
peak
concentrations
(Cmax)
260
88
nmol/L
at
1.8
5.3
h
(Tmax)
after
flavan-3-ol
intake.
They
contributed
bioavailability
for
over
20%.
Mean
was
moderate
(31
±
23%,
n
values
20),
it
seems
be
scarcely
affected
by
amount
ingested
compounds.
While
intra-
inter-source
differences
emerged,
mean
82%
1)
63%
2)
(-)-epicatechin
nut
(hazelnuts,
almonds)
intake,
respectively,
followed
25%
consumption
tea
7),
cocoa
5),
apples
3)
grape
2).
highlights
need
better
clarify
metabolic
yield
which
monomer
proanthocyanidins
are
metabolized
humans.
work
clarified
a
comprehensive
way
first
time
ADME
(poly)phenol
family,
highlighting
pool
that
might
determinants
putative
beneficial
effects
linked
Lastly,
methodological
inputs
implementing
well-designed
experimental
model
provided.
Food Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
418, P. 135802 - 135802
Published: March 11, 2023
Quercetin
loaded
alginate
microspheres,
fabricated
with
the
inclusion
of
inulin
as
a
prebiotic
source
and
chitosan
protective
coating
(ALINCH-Q),
were
subjected
to
in
vitro
colonic
fermentation
using
pig
fecal
microbiota,
empty
microspheres
ALINCH-E,
unencapsulated
quercetin
UQ
media
only
Blank
parallel
studies.
ALINCH-Q
altered
biotransformation
towards
higher
production
3-hydroxyphenylpropionic
acid
3-hydroxyphenylacetic
acid,
further
metabolism
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic
4-hydroxyphenylacetic
compared
UQ.
In
addition,
but
not
ALINCH-E
or
significantly
promoted
SCFAs
Blank.
Furthermore,
microbial
compositions,
increased
relative
abundance
Lactobacillus,
Turicibacter,
Eubacterium,
Clostridium,
while
decreased
that
potentially
pathogenic
Enterococcus.
The
results
suggest
an
interplay
between
dietary
fiber
matrix
producing
these
effects,
could
serve
potential
targeted
delivery
vehicle
for
exert
beneficial
biological
effects
colon.
Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
64(20), P. 7067 - 7084
Published: Feb. 21, 2023
Multiple
beneficial
effects
have
been
attributed
to
green
tea
catechins
(GTCs).
However,
the
bioavailability
of
GTCs
is
generally
low,
with
only
a
small
portion
directly
absorbed
in
intestine.
The
majority
ingested
reaches
large
intestinal
lumen,
and
are
extensively
degraded
via
biotransformation
by
gut
microbiota,
forming
many
low-molecular-weight
metabolites
such
as
phenyl-γ-valerolactones,
phenolic
acids,
butyrate,
acetate.
This
process
not
improves
overall
GTC-derived
but
also
enriches
biological
activities
GTCs.
Therefore,
intra-
inter-individual
differences
human
microbiota
well
resulting
contribution
microbial
crucial
for
ultimate
health
benefits.
In
this
review,
degradation
major
was
characterized
an
overview
vitro
models
used
GTC
metabolism
summarized.
composition
divergence
metabolic
patterns
were
highlighted.
Moreover,
potential
their
discussed.
Overall,
higher
bioactive
potency
key
factors
observed
consumption.
Food & Function,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14(8), P. 3509 - 3525
Published: Jan. 1, 2023
Herein,
we
investigated
the
stability
and
bioaccessibility
of
phenolics
in
differently
cooked
red-skinned
onion
(RSO)
consequently
their
impact
on
gut
microbiota
metabolism
phenolics.
In
fact,
different
processes
used
to
cook
vegetables
can
modify
re-arrange
molecular
profiles
bioactive
compounds,
such
as
phenolic-rich
vegetables,
RSO.
Fried
grilled
RSO
were
compared
raw
a
blank
control
subjected
oro-gastro-intestinal
digestion
subsequent
colonic
fermentation.
For
upper
digestion,
INFOGEST
protocol
was
used,
for
lower
fermentation,
short-term
batch
model,
namely,
MICODE
(multi-unit
vitro
colon
model),
employed.
During
process,
phenolic
compound
profile
(through
high-resolution
mass
spectrometry)
microbiomics
(qPCR
14
core
taxa)
analyses
performed.
According
results,
degradation
driven
by
flavonols
resulted
accumulation
three
main
metabolites,
i.e.,
3-(3'-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic
acid,
3-(3'-hydroxyphenyl)acetic
acid
3-(3',4'-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic
acid.
Also,
fermentation
onions
substantial
increase
beneficial
taxa,
which
larger
heat-treated
onions,
particularly
Lactobacillales
clostridia.
higher
level
inhibition
opportunistic
bacteria
seen
samples,
Clostridium
perfringens
group
Escherichia
coli.
Thus,
our
results
showed
that
RSO,
especially
one,
is
an
excellent
dietary
source
are
strongly
metabolized
positively
modulate
microbiota.
Although
additional
vivo
studies
necessary,
this
work
one
first
explore
how
processed
with
cooking
methods
composition
large
intestine
humans,
fine-tuning
antioxidant
nature
foods.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
24(10), P. 8908 - 8908
Published: May 17, 2023
Traumatic
brain
injury
(TBI)
remains
one
of
the
leading
causes
death
and
disability
in
young
adults
worldwide.
Despite
growing
evidence
advances
our
knowledge
regarding
multifaceted
pathophysiology
TBI,
underlying
mechanisms,
though,
are
still
to
be
fully
elucidated.
Whereas
initial
insult
involves
acute
irreversible
primary
damage
brain,
processes
subsequent
secondary
progress
gradually
over
months
years,
providing
a
window
opportunity
for
therapeutic
interventions.
To
date,
extensive
research
has
been
focused
on
identification
druggable
targets
involved
these
processes.
several
decades
successful
pre-clinical
studies
very
promising
results,
when
transferred
clinics,
drugs
showed,
at
best,
modest
beneficial
effects,
but
more
often,
an
absence
effects
or
even
harsh
side
TBI
patients.
This
reality
highlighted
need
novel
approaches
that
will
able
respond
complexity
tackle
pathological
multiple
levels.
Recent
strongly
indicates
nutritional
interventions
may
provide
unique
enhance
repair
after
TBI.
Dietary
(poly)phenols,
big
class
compounds
abundantly
found
fruits
vegetables,
have
emerged
past
few
years
as
agents
used
settings
due
their
proven
pleiotropic
effects.
Here,
we
give
overview
molecular
followed
by
state-of-the-art
summary
evaluated
efficacy
(poly)phenols
administration
decrease
TBI-associated
various
animal
models
limited
number
clinical
trials.
The
current
limitations
concerning
(poly)phenol
also
discussed.
