Journal of Eating Disorders,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
11(1)
Published: Jan. 17, 2023
Abstract
Background
Risk
factors
represent
a
range
of
complex
variables
associated
with
the
onset,
development,
and
course
eating
disorders.
Understanding
these
risk
is
vital
for
refinement
aetiological
models,
which
may
inform
development
targeted,
evidence-based
prevention,
early
intervention,
treatment
programs.
This
Rapid
Review
aimed
to
identify
summarise
research
studies
conducted
within
last
12
years,
focusing
on
Methods
The
current
review
forms
part
series
Reviews
be
published
in
special
issue
Journal
Eating
Disorders,
funded
by
Australian
Government
National
Disorder
Research
Translation
Strategy
2021–2031.
Three
databases
were
searched
between
2009
2021,
English,
comprising
high-level
evidence
(meta-analyses,
systematic
reviews,
moderately
sized
randomised
controlled
studies,
controlled-cohort
or
population
studies).
Data
pertaining
disorders
synthesised
outlined
paper.
Results
A
total
284
included.
findings
divided
into
nine
main
categories:
(1)
genetics,
(2)
gastrointestinal
microbiota
autoimmune
reactions,
(3)
childhood
adolescent
exposures,
(4)
personality
traits
comorbid
mental
health
conditions,
(5)
gender,
(6)
socio-economic
status,
(7)
ethnic
minority,
(8)
body
image
social
influence,
(9)
elite
sports.
substantial
amount
exists
supporting
role
inherited
genetic
disorders,
biological
factors,
such
as
gut
dysregulation
appetite,
an
area
emerging
evidence.
Abuse,
trauma
obesity
are
strongly
linked
however
less
conclusive
regarding
developmental
in-utero
exposure
hormones.
Comorbidities
including
mood
have
been
found
increase
severity
disorder
symptomatology.
Higher
education
attainment,
image-related
use
appearance-focused
media
also
increased
symptoms.
Conclusion
multiple
factors.
An
extensive
has
field;
however,
further
required
assess
causal
nature
identified
review.
will
assist
understanding
sequelae
turn
allow
enhancement
existing
interventions
ultimately
improved
outcomes
individuals.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
8(1)
Published: Aug. 30, 2023
Major
depressive
disorder
(MDD)
is
a
chronic,
generally
episodic
and
debilitating
disease
that
affects
an
estimated
300
million
people
worldwide,
but
its
pathogenesis
poorly
understood.
The
heritability
estimate
of
MDD
30-40%,
suggesting
genetics
alone
do
not
account
for
most
the
risk
major
depression.
Another
factor
known
to
associate
with
involves
environmental
stressors
such
as
childhood
adversity
recent
life
stress.
Recent
studies
have
emerged
show
biological
impact
factors
in
other
stress-related
disorders
mediated
by
variety
epigenetic
modifications.
These
modification
alterations
contribute
abnormal
neuroendocrine
responses,
neuroplasticity
impairment,
neurotransmission
neuroglia
dysfunction,
which
are
involved
pathophysiology
MDD.
Furthermore,
marks
been
associated
diagnosis
treatment
evaluation
modifications
holds
promise
further
understanding
heterogeneous
etiology
complex
phenotypes
MDD,
may
identify
new
therapeutic
targets.
Here,
we
review
preclinical
clinical
findings,
including
DNA
methylation,
histone
modification,
noncoding
RNA,
RNA
chromatin
remodeling
In
addition,
elaborate
on
contribution
these
mechanisms
pathological
trait
variability
depression
discuss
how
can
be
exploited
purposes.
The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
69(9), P. 641 - 687
Published: May 6, 2024
Background
The
Canadian
Network
for
Mood
and
Anxiety
Treatments
(CANMAT)
last
published
clinical
guidelines
the
management
of
major
depressive
disorder
(MDD)
in
2016.
Owing
to
advances
field,
an
update
was
needed
incorporate
new
evidence
provide
revised
recommendations
assessment
MDD
adults.
Methods
CANMAT
convened
a
editorial
group
comprised
academic
clinicians
patient
partners.
A
systematic
literature
review
conducted,
focusing
on
reviews
meta-analyses
since
2016
guidelines.
Recommendations
were
organized
by
lines
treatment,
which
informed
CANMAT-defined
levels
supplemented
support
(consisting
expert
consensus
safety,
tolerability,
feasibility).
Drafts
based
partners,
peer
review,
defined
process.
Results
updated
comprise
eight
primary
topics,
question-and-answer
format,
that
map
care
journey
from
selection
evidence-based
treatments,
prevention
recurrence,
strategies
inadequate
response.
adopt
personalized
approach
emphasizes
shared
decision-making
reflects
values,
preferences,
treatment
history
with
MDD.
Tables
psychological,
pharmacological,
lifestyle,
complementary
alternative
medicine,
digital
health,
neuromodulation
treatments.
Caveats
limitations
are
highlighted.
Conclusions
2023
evidence-informed
MDD,
clinician-friendly
format.
These
emphasize
collaborative,
personalized,
will
help
optimize
outcomes
adults
Molecular Psychiatry,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
27(8), P. 3510 - 3519
Published: April 28, 2022
Abstract
Numerous
risk
factors
for
mental
disorders
have
been
identified.
However,
we
do
not
know
how
many
could
prevent
and
to
what
extent
by
modifying
these
factors.
This
study
quantifies
the
Population
Attributable
Fraction
(PAF)
of
potentially
modifiable
disorders.
We
conducted
a
PRISMA
2020-compliant
(Protocol:
https://osf.io/hk2ag
)
meta-umbrella
systematic
review
(Web
Science/PubMed/Cochrane
Central
Register
Reviews/Ovid/PsycINFO,
until
05/12/2021)
umbrella
reviews
reporting
associations
between
ICD/DSM
disorders,
restricted
highly
convincing
(class
I)
II)
evidence
from
prospective
cohorts.
The
primary
outcome
was
global
meta-analytical
PAF,
complemented
sensitivity
analyses
across
different
settings,
Generalised
Impact
(GIF),
quality
assessment
(AMSTAR).
Seven
(including
295
meta-analyses
547
associations)
identified
28
class
I–II
(23
factors;
AMSTAR:
45.0%
high-,
35.0%
medium-,
20.0%
low
quality).
largest
PAFs
confounded
indication
were
37.84%
(95%
CI
=
26.77–48.40%)
childhood
adversities
schizophrenia
spectrum
24.76%
13.98–36.49%)
tobacco
smoking
opioid
use
17.88%
available)
job
strain
depression,
14.60%
9.46–20.52%)
insufficient
physical
activity
Alzheimer’s
disease,
13.40%
7.75–20.15%)
sexual
abuse
depressive
12.37%
5.37–25.34%)
clinical
high-risk
state
psychosis
any
non-organic
psychotic
10.00%
5.62–15.95%)
three
metabolic
9.73%
4.50–17.30%)
cannabis
9.30%
7.36–11.38%)
maternal
pre-pregnancy
obesity
ADHD.
GIFs
confirmed
preventive
capacity
Addressing
several
factors,
particularly
adversities,
can
reduce
population-level
incidence
BMC Medicine,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
21(1)
Published: March 13, 2023
Abstract
Background
Childhood
maltreatment
is
associated
with
depression
and
cardiometabolic
disease
in
adulthood.
However,
the
relationships
these
two
diseases
have
so
far
only
been
evaluated
different
samples
methodology.
Thus,
it
remains
unknown
how
effect
sizes
magnitudes
for
compare
each
other
whether
childhood
especially
co-occurrence
(“comorbidity”)
of
disease.
This
pooled
analysis
examined
association
depression,
disease,
their
comorbidity
Methods
We
carried
out
an
individual
participant
data
meta-analysis
on
13
international
observational
studies
(
N
=
217,929).
comprised
self-reports
physical,
emotional,
and/or
sexual
abuse
before
18
years.
Presence
was
established
clinical
interviews
or
validated
symptom
scales
presence
self-reported
diagnoses.
In
included
studies,
binomial
multinomial
logistic
regressions
estimated
sociodemographic-adjusted
associations
comorbidity.
then
additionally
adjusted
lifestyle
factors
(smoking
status,
alcohol
consumption,
physical
activity).
Finally,
random-effects
models
were
used
to
pool
estimates
across
differences
sex
types.
Results
progressively
higher
odds
without
(OR
[95%
CI]
1.27
[1.18;
1.37]),
2.68
[2.39;
3.00]),
between
both
conditions
3.04
[2.51;
3.68])
Post
hoc
analyses
showed
that
stronger
than
either
alone,
Associations
remained
significant
after
adjusting
factors,
present
males
females,
all
Conclusions
revealed
adults
a
history
suffer
more
often
from
non-exposed
peers.
These
are
also
three
times
likely
comorbid
may
therefore
be
clinically
relevant
indicator
connecting
poor
mental
somatic
health.
Future
research
should
investigate
potential
benefits
early
intervention
individuals
distal
health
(PROSPERO
CRD42021239288).
Behavioral Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(6), P. 458 - 458
Published: May 29, 2024
This
study
explored
the
positive
effects
of
a
six-week
Social–Emotional
and
Ethical
Learning®
(SEE
Learning)
program
on
resilience
social
emotional
competences,
adapted
for
elementary
students
in
Daegu,
South
Korea,
region
strongly
affected
by
first
outbreak
COVID-19.
A
total
348
third-
fourth-grade
from
15
schools
participated,
curriculum
was
tailored,
emphasizing
key
areas
such
as
resilience,
attention,
kindness,
attention
training,
compassion.
Repeated
measures
analysis
variance
(RMANOVA)
tests
showed
statistically
significant
improvements
between
pre-
post-tests
its
subscales,
including
self-efficacy,
tolerance
negative
affect,
support
relations,
power
control,
spontaneity,
well
competencies,
regulation,
skills,
empathy,
tendencies.
Despite
lack
maintenance
all
areas,
at
follow-up,
mean
scores
tendency,
remained
higher
than
pre-test
levels,
suggesting
some
lasting
benefits.
The
findings
underscore
potential
SEE
Learning
integrated
with
mindfulness,
compassion,
ethical
practices
to
enhance
students’
well-being.
contributes
growing
body
evidence
supporting
use
mindfulness
compassion-based
SEL
programs
mitigate
adverse
traumatic
events
children’s
mental
health.
Asian Journal of Psychiatry,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
98, P. 104105 - 104105
Published: June 5, 2024
Although
there
is
considerable
evidence
showing
that
the
prevention
of
mental
illnesses
and
adverse
outcomes
health
promotion
can
help
people
lead
better
more
functional
lives,
public
overlooked
in
broader
contexts
psychiatry
health.
Likewise,
undergraduate
postgraduate
medical
curricula,
have
often
been
ignored.
However,
has
a
recent
increase
interest
health,
including
an
emphasis
on
psychiatric
disorders
improving
individual
community
wellbeing
to
support
life
trajectories,
from
childhood
through
adulthood
into
older
age.
These
lifespan
approaches
significant
potential
reduce
onset
related
burdens
for
communities,
as
well
mitigating
social,
economic,
political
costs.
Informed
by
principles
social
justice
respect
human
rights,
this
may
be
especially
important
addressing
salient
problems
communities
with
distinct
vulnerabilities,
where
prominent
disadvantages
barriers
care
delivery
exist.
Therefore,
Commission
aims
address
these
topics,
providing
narrative
review
relevant
literature
suggesting
ways
forward.
Additionally,
proposals
preventing
are
presented,
particularly
amongst
at-risk
populations.
Schizophrenia Bulletin,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 8, 2025
Abstract
Background
Investigations
of
causal
pathways
for
psychosis
can
be
guided
by
the
identification
environmental
risk
factors.
A
recently
developed
composite
tool,
exposome
score
schizophrenia
(ES-SCZ),
which
controls
intercorrelations
between
factors,
has
shown
fair
to
good
performance.
We
tested
transdiagnostic
classifier
performance
ES-SCZ
with
Bipolar-Schizophrenia
Network
Intermedial
Phenotypes
data
and
examined
its
relationship
clinical-level
outcomes.
Study
Design
computed
case-control
from
cross-sectional
on
1055
volunteers
psychotic
diagnoses
(schizophrenia,
schizoaffective,
bipolar
psychosis)
510
controls.
Multivariate
regression
models
were
used
control
correlations
outcomes
correct
effects
age,
sex,
family
socioeconomic
status
across
estimated
association
mood
symptom
severity,
5-factor
model
personality,
function
biologically
defined
biotypes,
traditional
diagnostic
categories,
Results
was
good.
associations
personality
factor
scores
qualitatively
similar
groups
decreased
conscientiousness
agreeableness
increased
neuroticism.
The
patterns
symptoms
differed
biotypes
diagnoses.
Biotype
3
disorder
had
consistent
within-group
where
greater
predicted
more
severe
worse
function.
Conclusions
previous
reports
in
this
sample
(adjusted
odds
ratio:
3.331
[2.834,
3.915],
P
<
.001;
area
under
curve:
0.762
[0.735,
0.789]).
Individual
differences
magnitude
may
useful
investigating
developmentally
relevant
exposures
symptomatic
expression
psychosis.
