Perspective Chapter: Silenced Voices – Childhood, Trauma, and Dissociation DOI Creative Commons

Valentina Miño-Reyes,

Gastón González-Cabeza,

Marcelo Nvo-Fernández

et al.

IntechOpen eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 24, 2024

This chapter explores the complex social construction of childhood, questioning how its perception has been shaped by historical, cultural, and political contexts. Through critical analysis, it examines conception childhood as a stage vulnerability dependence perpetuated power dynamics that render children invisible unprotected, facilitating abuses such sexual abuse. Additionally, dissociation is addressed defense mechanism that, while initially adaptive, can become significant obstacle to recovery victims, fragmenting their identity complicating therapeutic treatment. The text underscores need reexamine our perceptions practices surrounding promoting more holistic multidimensional approach not only responds trauma but also works prevent mitigate long-term effects. discussion includes importance early support implementation public policies empower full-rights subjects, highlighting urgency transforming structures perpetuate child vulnerability.

Language: Английский

Post‐traumatic stress disorder: evolving conceptualization and evidence, and future research directions DOI Open Access

C. R. Brewin,

Lukoye Atwoli, Jonathan I. Bisson

et al.

World Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 24(1), P. 52 - 80

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

The understanding of responses to traumatic events has been greatly influenced by the introduction diagnosis post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In this paper we review initial versions diagnostic criteria for condition and associated epidemiological findings, including sociocultural differences. We consider evidence reactions occurring in multiple contexts not previously defined as traumatic, implications that these observations have diagnosis. More recent developments such DSM‐5 dissociative subtype ICD‐11 complex PTSD are reviewed, adding there several distinct phenotypes. describe psychological foundations PTSD, involving disturbances memory well identity. A broader focus on identity may be able accommodate group communal influences experience trauma impact resource loss. then summarize current concerning biological with a particular genetic neuroimaging studies. Whereas progress prevention disappointing, is now an extensive supporting efficacy variety treatments established trauma‐focused interventions – cognitive behavior therapy (TF‐CBT) eye movement desensitization reprocessing (EMDR) non‐trauma‐focused therapies, which also include some emerging identity‐based approaches present‐centered compassion‐focused therapies. Additionally, promising neither nor pharmacological, or combine pharmacological approach, 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)‐assisted psychotherapy. advances priority areas adapting resource‐limited settings across cultural contexts, community‐based approaches. conclude identifying future directions work mental health.

Language: Английский

Citations

9
The memory and identity theory of ICD-11 complex posttraumatic stress disorder. DOI Creative Commons
Philip Hyland, Mark Shevlin, Chris R. Brewin

et al.

Psychological Review, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 130(4), P. 1044 - 1065

Published: June 20, 2023

The 11th version of the International Classification Diseases (ICD-11) includes complex posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) as a separate diagnostic entity alongside (PTSD).ICD-11 CPTSD is defined by six sets symptoms, three that are shared with PTSD (reexperiencing in here and now, avoidance, sense current threat) (affective dysregulation, negative selfconcept, disturbances relationships) representing pervasive "disturbances self-organization" (DSO).There considerable evidence supporting construct validity ICD-11 CPTSD, but no theoretical account its development has thus far been presented.A theory needed to explain several phenomena especially relevant such role played prolonged repeated trauma exposure, functional independence between DSO heterogeneity following exposure.The memory identity states single multiple exposure occur context individual vulnerability which interact give rise intrusive, sensation-based traumatic memories identities which, together, produce symptoms define CPTSD.The model emphasizes two major related causal processes intrusive exist on continuum from prereflective experience full self-awareness.Theoretically derived implications for assessment treatment discussed, well areas future research testing.

Language: Английский

Citations

28
Prevalence and predictors of ICD‐11 posttraumatic stress disorder and complex PTSD in young people DOI Creative Commons
Enya Redican, Philip Hyland, Marylène Cloître

et al.

Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 146(2), P. 110 - 125

Published: May 3, 2022

The prevalence, construct validity, risk factors and psychopathological correlates associated with ICD-11 posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) complex PTSD (CPTSD) as measured by the International Trauma Questionnaire for Children Adolescents (ITQ-CA) were assessed in a sample of young people from Northern Ireland.

Language: Английский

Citations

32
Interventions for Trauma-Affected Youth in the Juvenile Justice System: An Overview of Diagnostic, Ethical, and Clinical Challenges and Evidence-Based Treatments DOI
Patricia K. Kerig, Julián D. Ford, Ava R. Alexander

et al.

Psychological Injury and Law, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 199 - 220

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Posttraumatic stress disorder in disaster-exposed youth: examining diagnostic concordance and model fit using ICD-11 and DSM-5 criteria DOI Creative Commons
BreAnne A. Danzi, Ellen A. Knowles, Rachel C. Bock

et al.

BMC Pediatrics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Jan. 11, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Forensic Assessment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Complex PTSD, and Other Trauma-Related Disorders in Juvenile Justice Contexts DOI
Patricia K. Kerig, Lucybel Mendez, Michaela M. Mozley

et al.

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Examination of ICD-11 PTSD and CPTSD using the International Trauma Questionnaire – Child and Adolescent version (ITQ-CA) in a sample of Danish children and adolescents exposed to abuse DOI Creative Commons
Sille Schandorph Løkkegaard, Ask Elklit, Maria Louison Vang

et al.

European journal of psychotraumatology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Feb. 28, 2023

Background: International research has established that children and adolescents are at risk for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) complex PTSD (CPTSD) as defined by the WHO ICD-11. There is a need Danish language version of Trauma Questionnaire – Child Adolescent (ITQ-CA) to assess symptoms CPTSD.Objective: To test ICD-11 formulations DSO (Disturbances Self-Organization) using ITQ-CA in sample exposed abuse. Additionally, study distribution probable prevalence CPTSD among population violence or sexual abuse.Method: Confirmatory factor analysis competing models dimensionality was tested 119 were referred Children Centres on suspicion physical abuse both. Latent class (LCA) used consequences different operationalisations functional impairment explored.Results: Findings supported two-factor second-order model corresponding operationalisation best representation data. from LCA suggested distributed pattern consistent with proposal CPTSD. more prevalent than regardless impairment.Conclusion: valid tool identifying Further needed relationship between C/PTSD symptomatology anxiety depression this population.

Language: Английский

Citations

10
Complex posttraumatic stress disorder in adolescence: A two-year follow-up study DOI Creative Commons
Evaldas Kazlauskas, Agnietė Kairytė, Paulina Želvienė

et al.

Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(2), P. 466 - 478

Published: July 4, 2023

Background Complex posttraumatic stress disorder is a new diagnosis in the 11th edition of International Classification Diseases (ICD-11). There need for better understanding complex PTSD children and adolescents. Objective The study aimed to estimate factors associated with chronic versus recovery adolescents 2-year follow-up study. Method In total, 66 adolescents, mean age 14.5, 73% female, identified as having using self-report at baseline recruited from general population sample, were included Trauma Questionnaire - Child Adolescent Version (ITQ-CA) was used assessment PTSD. Results Overall, 36% sample has been over 2 years, 10% met criteria follow-up, 54% recovered. A higher risk exposure more traumatic events life-stressors low social network, positive support, bullying school, loneliness. Conclusion found that around one-third traumatized youth had prolonged trajectory symptoms, which negative life experiences difficulties.

Language: Английский

Citations

10
Persistence and Psychological Predictors of ICD-11 Complex PTSD: A Six-Month Longitudinal Study in Hong Kong DOI Creative Commons
Stanley Kam Ki Lam, Albe Sin Ying Ng,

Chengrui Rachel Zhou

et al.

Journal of Loss and Trauma, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(5), P. 544 - 564

Published: Oct. 18, 2023

Recent studies showed that the ICD-11 C-PTSD is associated with considerable individual and social consequences. This study focused on persistence psychological predictors of C-PTSD. We analyzed longitudinal survey data from a sample Hong Kong adults (N = 230) an interval approximately six months. Participants completed standardized self-report measures various factors (including self-criticism, self-compassion, ruminative response, event centrality, experiential avoidance) at both timepoints. Over 80% participants probable baseline remained to meet criteria for PTSD/C-PTSD follow-up, while over 50% PTSD remitted follow-up. were characterized by greater use mental health services Additionally, hierarchical multiple regression that, among variety factors, avoidance was only significant predictor (β 0.271, p .001) disturbances in self-organization (DSO) 0.200, .011) symptoms, after controlling symptom severity treatment usage. shows persists time its symptoms are predicted avoidance. More efforts needed prevent address community. also offer insights into management trauma-related disorders.

Language: Английский

Citations

7
When multidisciplinary clinical practice and research meet: Quality development in the Danish Children Centers DOI
Sille Schandorph Løkkegaard, Maria Louison Vang, Ask Elklit

et al.

Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(3), P. 820 - 832

Published: March 15, 2024

Collaboration between clinical practice and research is often warranted. Extended periods of collaboration integrating however rare. This article about a series joint projects through the course 8 years involving Danish Center Psychotraumatology five regional centres dedicated to combating sequelae child abuse across Denmark.

Language: Английский

Citations

2