Alveolar macrophages critically control infection by seasonal human coronavirus OC43 to avoid severe pneumonia DOI Creative Commons

Xuan Zhong,

Tian Xie,

Su-Yun Wang

et al.

Cell Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 44(4), P. 115531 - 115531

Published: April 1, 2025

Seasonal coronaviruses, similar to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), only cause symptoms in a small fraction of infected individuals. However, the host factors that determine variable responses infection remain unclear. Here, we use seasonal human OC43 (HCoV-OC43) as an asymptomatic model triggers both innate and adaptive immune mice. Interestingly, sensing pathways well cells are not essential protection against HCoV-OC43. Instead, alveolar macrophage (AMΦ) deficiency mice results COVID-19-like pneumonia post HCoV-OC43 infection, with abundant neutrophil infiltration, extracellular trap (NET) release, exaggerated pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Mechanistically, AMΦ efficiently phagocytose HCoV-OC43, effectively blocking virus spread, whereas, their absence, Toll-like receptor (TLR)-dependent chemokine production pneumonia. These findings reveal central role defending clinical implications for immunopathology associated infection.

Language: Английский

Recent developments in the immunopathology of COVID‐19 DOI Creative Commons
Huanping Zhang,

Yuanli Sun,

Yanfen Wang

et al.

Allergy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 78(2), P. 369 - 388

Published: Nov. 24, 2022

Abstract There has been an important change in the clinical characteristics and immune profile of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) patients during pandemic thanks to extensive vaccination programs. Here, we highlight recent studies on COVID‐19, from immunological protective risk factors for severity mortality COVID‐19. The efficacy COVID‐19 vaccines potential allergic reactions after administration are also discussed. occurrence new variants concerns such as Omicron BA.2, BA.4, BA.5 global have changed scenario Multisystem inflammatory syndrome children (MIS‐C) may cause severe heterogeneous but with a lower rate. Perturbations immunity T cells, B mast well autoantibodies metabolic reprogramming contribute long‐term symptoms is conflicting evidence about whether atopic diseases, asthma rhinitis, associated susceptibility better outcomes At beginning pandemic, European Academy Allergy Clinical Immunology (EAACI) developed guidelines that provided timely information management diseases preventive measures reduce transmission clinics. distribution emerging acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) reduced pathogenic dramatically decreased morbidity, severity, Nevertheless, breakthrough infection remains challenge control. Hypersensitivity (HSR) low compared other vaccines, these were addressed EAACI statements indications reactions, including anaphylaxis vaccines. We gained depth knowledge experience over years since start yet full eradication SARS‐CoV‐2 not horizon. Novel strategies warranted prevent high‐risk groups, development MIS‐C long

Language: Английский

Citations

70
Updated epithelial barrier dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis: Targeting pathophysiology and treatment response of tight junctions DOI Creative Commons
Zhi‐Qun Huang, Jing Liu,

Li‐Ying Sun

et al.

Allergy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 79(5), P. 1146 - 1165

Published: Feb. 19, 2024

Abstract Tight junction (TJ) proteins establish a physical barrier between epithelial cells, playing crucial role in maintaining tissue homeostasis by safeguarding host tissues against pathogens, allergens, antigens, irritants, etc. Recently, an increasing number of studies have demonstrated that abnormal expression TJs plays essential the development and progression inflammatory airway diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, allergic rhinitis, rhinosinusitis (CRS) with or without nasal polyps. Among them, CRS polyps is prevalent disease affects cavity paranasal sinuses, leading to poor prognosis significantly impacting patients' quality life. Its pathogenesis primarily involves dysfunction barrier, impaired mucociliary clearance, disordered immune response, excessive remodeling. Numerous elucidated pivotal both response traditional therapies CRS. We therefore review discuss potential factors contributing impair repair epithelium based on their structure, function, formation process.

Language: Английский

Citations

25
Long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on human brain and memory DOI Creative Commons

Qiulu Ding,

H T Zhao

Cell Death Discovery, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: June 29, 2023

Abstract The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants have caused several waves of outbreaks. From the ancestral strain to Omicron variant, SARS-CoV-2 has evolved with high transmissibility and increased immune escape against vaccines. Because multiple basic amino acids in S1-S2 junction spike protein, widespread distribution angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2) receptor human body transmissibility, can infect organs led over 0.7 billion infectious cases. Studies showed that infection cause more than 10% patients Long-COVID syndrome, including pathological changes brains. This review mainly provides molecular foundations for understanding mechanism invading brain basis interfering memory, which are associated dysfunction, syncytia-induced cell death, persistence infection, microclots biopsychosocial aspects. We also discuss strategies reducing syndrome. Further studies analysis shared researches will allow further clarity regarding long-term health consequences.

Language: Английский

Citations

29
Differential decline of SARS‐CoV‐2‐specific antibody levels, innate and adaptive immune cells, and shift of Th1/inflammatory to Th2 serum cytokine levels long after first COVID‐19 DOI Creative Commons
Bernhard Kratzer, Pia Gattinger,

Doris Trapin

et al.

Allergy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 79(9), P. 2482 - 2501

Published: July 14, 2024

SARS-CoV-2 has triggered a pandemic and contributes to long-lasting morbidity. Several studies have investigated immediate cellular humoral immune responses during acute infection. However, little is known about long-term effects of COVID-19 on the system.

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Globally approved vaccines for COVID-19: a systematic review DOI

Bárbara Magalhães,

Jéssica Medeiros Minasi, Rubens Cáurio Lobato

et al.

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Prevalence of cardiovascular symptoms in post-acute COVID-19 syndrome: a meta-analysis DOI Creative Commons
Liwei Huang, Huamin Li, Bei He

et al.

BMC Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

Since its emergence in 2019, COVID-19 has continued to pose significant threats both the physical and mental health of global population, as well healthcare systems worldwide (Raman et al., Eur Heart J 43:1157–1172, 2022). Emerging evidence indicates that may lead post-acute syndrome (PACS) with cardiovascular implications, potentially driven by factors such ACE2 interaction viruses, systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction. However, there remains a limited amount research on manifestations PACS, which delay development optimal treatment strategies for affected patients. Therefore, it is crucial investigate prevalence sequelae patients determine whether infection acts an independent risk factor these outcomes. This meta-analysis adhered PRISMA guidelines was registered PROSPERO (CRD42024524290). A systematic search PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library conducted up March 17, 2024. The primary outcomes included hypertension, palpitations, chest pain, pooled effect estimate reported proportions odds ratios (ORs) 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Sensitivity subgroup analysis were performed assess robustness results identify sources heterogeneity. total 37 studies, encompassing 2,965,467 patients, analysis. Pooled from case–control studies revealed that, compared control group, ORs pain group 4.0 (95% CI: 1.6, 10.0). palpitation hypertension 3.4 1.1, 10.2) 1.7 1.8), respectively. PACS experiencing palpitation, 22% 14%, 33%), 18% 13%, 24%), 19% 12%, 31%), Our findings indicate 15% experience sequelae. Furthermore, significantly increases likelihood developing uninfected individuals. Future should prioritize investigating underlying pathological mechanisms targeted preventive management strategies. CRD42024524290.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Clinical and upper airway characteristics of 3715 patients with the Omicron variant of SARS-Cov-2 in Changchun, China DOI Creative Commons
Jichao Sha, Cuida Meng, Jing Sun

et al.

Journal of Infection and Public Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 422 - 429

Published: Jan. 20, 2023

The spread of the novel SARS-Cov-2 variant Omicron created a challenging public health situation in number countries. In March 2022, emerged Changchun, China, and patients infected rapidly increased. prevalence infection symptoms differs from that Delta, with more upper airway clinical apparent. This study aimed to investigate characteristics variant.In this retrospective study, we collected data participants Changchun who had tested positive for quantitative polymerase chain reaction between 10 30 May 2022 using telephone interviews. questionnaire was designed by research team based on visual analogue scale. We also considered age, sex, vaccination status, general symptoms, cure period.A total 3715 (2056 males 1659 females) mild COVID-19 were included. mean age 38.63 ( ± 13.97) years (range 2-86 years). vaccine uptake rate 91.33 % (8.66 %, 4.58 65.33 21.43 received zero, one, two, three doses, respectively). incidence including throat nasal 54.21 %. Throat most common during (49.12 %). Nasal (20.08 lower 25.60 gastrointestinal 10.87 55.26 period ranged 37 days, 10.24 4.69 days. compared symptom severity among different statuses found no differences.The main are symptoms. Fever remains symptom, followed dry cough. There association vaccines, status might have been ineffective against Omicron.

Language: Английский

Citations

18
The epithelial barrier theory: development and exacerbation of allergic and other chronic inflammatory diseases DOI Open Access
Umut Can Küçüksezer, Cevdet Özdemir, Duygu Yazıcı

et al.

Asia Pacific Allergy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 31, 2023

It is now longer than half a century, humans, animals, and nature of the world are under influence exposure to many newly introduced noxious substances. These exposures nowadays pushing borders be considered as causative or exacerbating factors for chronic disorders including allergic, autoimmune/inflammatory, metabolic diseases. The epithelial linings serve outermost body’s primary physical, chemical, immunological barriers against external stimuli. “epithelial barrier theory” hypothesizes that these diseases aggravated by an ongoing periepithelial inflammation triggered wide range barrier–damaging insults lead “epithelitis” release alarmins. A leaky enables microbiome’s translocation from periphery interepithelial even deeper subepithelial areas together with allergens, toxins, pollutants. Thereafter, microbial dysbiosis, characterized colonization opportunistic pathogen bacteria loss number biodiversity commensal take place. Local inflammation, impaired tissue regeneration, remodeling characterize disease. infiltration inflammatory cells affected tissues shows effort expulse invading bacteria, pollutants away deep surface, representing “expulsion response.” Cells migrate other organs foci may play roles in exacerbation various distant organs. purpose this review highlight appraise recent opinions findings on physiology its role pathogenesis view theory.

Language: Английский

Citations

18
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C): Implications for long COVID DOI Creative Commons
Tamás Constantin,

Tamás Pék,

Zsuzsanna Horváth

et al.

Inflammopharmacology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 31(5), P. 2221 - 2236

Published: July 17, 2023

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the coronavirus 2 of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) has significantly affected people around world, leading to substantial morbidity and mortality. Although all ages, there is increasing evidence that children are less susceptible SARS-CoV-2 infection more likely experience milder symptoms than adults. However, with can still develop serious complications, such as multisystem inflammatory in (MIS-C). This narrative review literature provides an overview epidemiology immune pathology MIS-C children. also examines genetics children, including genetic factors influence susceptibility severity diseases their implications for personalized medicine vaccination strategies. By examining current insights from literature, this aims contribute development effective prevention treatment strategies COVID-19, MIS-C, long COVID syndromes

Language: Английский

Citations

18
COVID-19 Pediatric Follow-Up: Respiratory Long COVID-Associated Comorbidities and Lung Ultrasound Alterations in a Cohort of Italian Children DOI Creative Commons
Cristiana Indolfi, Angela Klain, Giulio Dinardo

et al.

Children, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 166 - 166

Published: Jan. 27, 2024

In children, the factors that influence COVID-19 disease and its medium- long-term effects are little known. Our investigation sought to evaluate presence of comorbidity associated with respiratory long COVID manifestations in children study ultrasound abnormalities following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Children, who arrived at ‘Respiratory Diseases Pediatric Interest Unit’ Department Woman, Child, General Specialized Surgery University Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, were selected during timeframe from September 2021 October 2022. The diagnosed a infection occurred least one month before visit. All patients followed follow-up protocol, developed by Italian Society Respiratory (SIMRI), which included: collection data regarding illness history known allergic diseases; physical examination; BMI assessment; baseline spirometry after bronchodilation test; six-minute walking lung (LUS). cohort 104 participants symptoms (64.7% male, average age 8.92 years), 46.1% had fever other symptoms, 1% required hospitalization. analysis showed 58.4% was overweight. LUS positive 27.0% cases. A significant association observed score (p-value < 0.05). No associations found asthma or atopy.

Language: Английский

Citations

6