PNAS Nexus,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
3(10)
Published: Oct. 1, 2024
Abstract
The
relative
contributions
of
exposure
vs.
acquired
immunity
to
the
epidemiology
human
schistosomiasis
has
been
long
debated.
While
there
is
considerable
evidence
that
humans
acquire
partial
infection,
age-
and
sex-related
contact
patterns
with
water
bodies
contaminated
infectious
cercarial
schistosome
larvae
also
contribute
typical
epidemiological
profiles
infection.
Here,
we
develop
a
novel
transmission
model
incorporates
both
partially
protective
“delayed
concomitant”
immunity—stimulated
by
dying
worms—and
host
sex-dependent
exposure.
We
use
contemporary
Bayesian
approach
fit
historical
individual
data
on
cercaria,
eggs
per
gram
feces,
immunoglobulin
E
antibodies
specific
Schistosoma
mansoni
Tegumental-Allergen-Like
protein
1
collected
from
highly
endemic
community
in
Uganda,
estimating
immunity.
find
variants
incorporating
or
omitting
delayed
concomitant
describe
equally
well
sex-specific
immunoepidemiological
observed
before
intervention
18
months
after
treatment.
Over
longer
time
horizons,
creates
subtle
differences
during
routine
mass
drug
administration
may
confer
resilience
against
elimination.
discuss
our
findings
broader
context
immunoepidemiology
schistosomiasis.
Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
39(1)
Published: Feb. 29, 2024
Pterostilbene
(PST)
is
a
naturally
derived
stilbene
compound
in
grapes,
blueberries,
and
other
fruits.
It
also
natural
dietary
with
wide
range
of
biological
activities
such
as
antioxidant,
anti-inflammatory,
antitumor,
so
on.
Structural
modifications
based
on
the
chemical
scaffold
pterostilbene
skeleton
are
great
importance
for
drug
discovery.
In
this
study,
skeletons
were
used
to
design
novel
anti-inflammatory
compounds
high
activity
low
toxicity.
A
total
30
new
found
synthesised,
their
safety
screened.
Among
them,
E2
was
most
active
(against
NO:
IC50
=
0.7
μM)
than
celecoxib.
Further
studies
showed
that
exerted
by
blocking
LPS-induced
NF-κB/MAPK
signalling
pathway
activation.
vivo
experiments
revealed
had
good
alleviating
effect
acute
colitis
mice.
conclusion,
may
be
promising
lead
compound.
Allergy,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
78(12), P. 3103 - 3117
Published: July 7, 2023
The
existence
of
long-lived
IgE
antibody-secreting
cells
(ASC)
is
contentious,
with
the
maintenance
sensitization
by
continuous
differentiation
short-lived
Allergy,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
80(2), P. 395 - 407
Published: Sept. 26, 2024
Allergic
disease
is
caused
by
the
activation
of
allergen-specific
CD4+
type-2
T
follicular
helper
cells
(Tfh2)
and
2
(Th2)
effector
that
secrete
cytokines
IL-4,
IL-5,
IL-9,
IL-13
upon
allergen
encounter,
thereby
inducing
IgE
production
B
tissue
inflammation.
While
it
accepted
priming
differentiation
naïve
into
Th2
requires
presentation
type
dendritic
(DC2s),
underlying
signals
remain
unidentified.
In
this
review
we
focus
on
interaction
between
allergen-presenting
DC2s
in
lymph
node
(LN),
potential
mechanisms
which
might
instruct
differentiation.
We
outline
recent
advances
characterizing
DC2
development
heterogeneity.
sensing
current
proposed
differentiation,
with
specific
consideration
role
how
they
contribute
to
each
mechanism.
Finally,
assess
publications
reporting
a
detailed
analysis
DC-T
cell
interactions
LNs
support
Together,
these
studies
are
starting
shape
our
understanding
key
initial
step
allergic
immune
response.
Immunological Reviews,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
331(1)
Published: April 25, 2025
ABSTRACT
Immunoglobulin
E
(IgE)
is
the
most
recently
discovered
and
evolved
mammalian
antibody
type,
best
known
for
interacting
with
mast
cells
(MCs)
as
immune
effectors.
IgE‐mediated
antigen
sensing
by
MC
provides
protection
from
parasites,
venomous
animals,
bacteria,
other
insults
to
barrier
tissues
exposed
environment.
IgE
MCs
act
inflammation
amplifiers
response
adjuvants.
Thus,
production
memory
formation
are
greatly
constrained
require
specific
licensing.
Failure
of
regulation
gives
rise
allergic
disease,
one
top
causes
chronic
illness.
Increasing
evidence
suggests
allergy
development
often
starts
early
in
life,
including
prenatally,
maternal
influence
being
central
shaping
offspring's
system.
Although
exists
before
birth,
an
endogenous
source
IgE‐producing
B
has
not
been
identified.
This
review
discusses
mechanisms
transfer
into
offspring,
its
interactions
offspring
antigen‐presenting
cells,
consequences
allergen
sensitization
development.
We
discuss
multifaceted
effects
pre‐existing
IgG,
IgE,
their
glycosylation
on
functionality
progeny.
Understanding
predisposing
life
may
allow
targeting
existing
therapeutics
guide
new
ones.
Immunological Reviews,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
331(1)
Published: May 1, 2025
ABSTRACT
Immunoglobulin
E
(IgE)
plays
a
dual
role
in
the
immune
system,
providing
protection
against
pathogens
while
also
mediating
pathological
hypersensitivity
reactions.
Its
function
is
mainly
studied
context
of
immediate
inflammatory
responses,
where
IgE‐sensitized
effector
cells,
such
as
mast
cells
and
basophils,
are
triggered
by
cross‐linking
antigen.
An
often‐overlooked
feature
IgE
biology
its
strong
ability
to
boost
secondary
adaptive
thus
acting
physiological
adjuvant.
The
regulation
these
responses
influenced
various
factors,
including
primary
Ig
structure,
post‐translational
modifications
glycosylations,
structural
properties
antigens,
interaction
with
receptors.
Interestingly,
not
only
generates
antigen‐specific
but
IgE‐specific
autoimmune
responses.
Natural
IgG
anti‐IgE
autoantibodies
circulate
at
surprisingly
high
levels,
even
healthy
individuals,
contributing
serum
levels
Understanding
emerging
concepts,
beyond
singular
focus
on
initial
production
cell
activation,
could
contribute
better
understanding
immunological
functions
IgE.
In
this
review,
we
aim
provide
an
overview
current
knowledge
immunogenicity.
Many
open
questions
remain
negative
positive
feedback
mechanisms
which
regulates
response,
hope
inspire
future
research
into
underlying
IgE‐regulated
their
potential
implications
for
therapeutic
strategies
diseases.
Allergy,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Dec. 18, 2024
The
antibody
response
is
regulated
by
follicular
T
helper
(Tfh)
and
regulatory
(Tfr)
cells
that
control
the
germinal
center
(GC)
reaction
[1].
We
previously
showed
Tfh
express
IL-1
receptor
IL-1R1,
while
Tfr
decoy
IL-1R2
IL-1R1.
In
contrast,
(Tregs)
largely
do
not
IL-1Rs
[2].
role
of
expressed
in
regulation
allergy
poorly
understood.
recently
generated
a
mouse
line
which
knocked
out
FoxP3+
(FoxP3creIL-1R2lox
mice)
[3].
Here,
we
compared
these
mice
to
their
FoxP3cre
controls
model
ovalbumin
(OVA)
sensitization
anaphylaxis.
Compared
mice,
FoxP3creIL-1R2lox
displayed
strong
exacerbation
allergic
anaphylaxis
characterized
increased
total
IgE
levels,
blood
basophil-displayed
surface
density,
significantly
enhanced
systemic
OVA
challenge
(Figure
1A–D,
Figure
S1A–D).
Moreover,
vitro
OVA-challenged
basophils
derived
from
degranulation
controls,
demonstrating
an
increase
reactive
1E–G,
S1F).
contrast
this
response,
reduced
OVA-specific
IgG
responses,
including
IgG1
IgG2b
subclasses
1H–J).
Blockade
inhibitory
FcγRIIb
worsened
but
had
no
effect
FoxP3creIL-1R2lox,
suggesting
IgG-dependent
protection
occurs
1
K).
vitro,
only
serum
FcγR-dependent
binding
IgG-OVA
complexes
inhibited
basophil
via
1L,M,
S1G,H).
Thus,
driven
reduction
protective
IgG.
next
investigated
splenic
GC
response.
overall
elevated
cell
numbers,
IL-4+Tfh
cells.
However,
even
more,
resulting
Tfr:Tfh
ratios
2A–C,
S3).
Looking
at
B-cell
subsets,
noted
plasmablasts
(PB),
whereas
Bcell
(GCB)
numbers
were
2D).
Interestingly,
GCB
levels
proliferation
apoptosis,
activity
2E,F,
with
notion,
2G).
Finally,
isolated
splenocytes
re-stimulated
IL-1β
and/or
OVA.
observed
IL-1R1-dependent
activation
IL-1R2-deleted
cells,
upon
re-stimulation
did
occur
2H–K,
S4).
These
results
extend
our
previous
report
showing
deletion
enhances
own
agreement
findings
Tregs
IL-1Rs,
those
proliferate
S4K)
A
recent
study
cellular
responses
antibodies
immunization
through
increasing
[4].
study,
observe
immunization.
translated
supressed.
differences
could
be
explained
here-observed
increases
different
approach.
Future
studies
will
resolve
further
detail.
propose
expansion,
ratios,
may
suppress
maturation
GCs
favoring
responses.
quality
sufficient
raise
specific
potentially
leads
IgG:IgE
drives
toward
2L).
Our
are
supported
fact
arises
distinct
pathway
IgG,
can
independent
GCs.
switching
PB
formation
directly
IgM,
or
post-GC
precursors
[5,
6].
fit
both
scenarios,
though
latter
would
require
initially
during
sensitization.
Overall,
questions
difficult
answer
as
long
details
itself
remain
unclear.
summary,
show
level
expression
regulate
between
versus
pathways
for
thus
controlling
D.K.
conceptualized
supervised
study.
Methodologies
developed
P.E.,
A.B.,
G.F.,
H.D.L.,
B.B.,
S.G.D.,
Experiments
conducted
R.V.,
G.F.
Visualization
was
handled
P.E.
Funding
acquired
original
draft
written
edited
D.K.,
before
final
review
all
authors.
thank
animal
facility
team
Doriane
Foret,
Flora
Issert,
Kim
Nguyen,
Olivier
Bregerie
support.
authors
declare
conflicts
interest.
data
support
available
corresponding
author
reasonable
request.
Data
S1.
S2.
Please
note:
publisher
responsible
content
functionality
any
supporting
information
supplied
Any
queries
(other
than
missing
content)
should
directed
article.
Immunological Reviews,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
322(1), P. 212 - 232
Published: Nov. 20, 2023
Summary
The
essential
role
of
B
cells
is
to
produce
protective
immunoglobulins
(Ig)
that
recognize,
neutralize,
and
clear
invading
pathogens.
This
results
from
the
integration
signals
provided
by
pathogens
or
vaccines
stimulatory
microenvironment
within
sites
immune
activation,
such
as
secondary
lymphoid
tissues,
drive
mature
differentiate
into
memory
antibody
(Ab)‐secreting
plasma
cells.
In
this
context,
undergo
several
molecular
events
including
Ig
class
switching
somatic
hypermutation
in
production
high‐affinity
Ag‐specific
Abs
different
classes,
enabling
effective
pathogen
neutralization
long‐lived
humoral
immunity.
However,
perturbations
these
key
signaling
pathways
underpin
dyscrasias
deficiency
autoimmunity
allergy.
Inborn
errors
immunity
disrupt
critical
have
identified
non‐redundant
requirements
for
eliciting
maintaining
but
concomitantly
prevent
dysregulation.
Here,
we
will
discuss
our
studies
on
human
cells,
how
investigation
cytokine
fundamental
B‐cell
formation,
Ab
well
regulating
context
versus
allergic
responses.