The functional complex network approach to foster forest resilience to global changes

Forest Ecosystems, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: April 9, 2019

Human impacts on Earth's ecosystems have greatly intensified in the last decades. This is reflected unexpected disturbance events, as well new and increasing socio-economic demands, all of which are affecting resilience forest worldwide provision important ecosystem services. Anthropocene era forcing us to reconsider past current management silvicultural practices, search for ones that more flexible better at dealing with uncertainty brought about by these accelerating cumulative global changes. Here, we briefly review focus limitations practices mainly developed Europe North America. We then discuss some recent promising concepts, such managing forests complex adaptive systems, approaches based resilience, functional diversity, assisted migration multi-species plantations, propose a novel approach integrate functionality species-traits into network multi-scale way manage Anthropocene. takes consideration high level associated future environmental societal It relies quantification dynamic monitoring diversity indices network. Using this approach, most efficient can be determined, where, what scale, intensity landscape-scale resistance, capacity changes improved.

Language: Английский

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A Guide to Conquer the Biological Network Era Using Graph Theory

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: Jan. 31, 2020

Networks are one of the most common ways to represent biological systems as complex sets binary interactions or relations between different bioentities. In this article, we discuss basic graph theory concepts and various types, well available data structures for storing reading graphs. addition, describe several network properties highlight some widely used topological features. We briefly mention patterns, motifs models, further comment on types biomedical networks along with their corresponding computer- human-readable file formats. Finally, a variety algorithms metrics analyses regarding drawing, clustering, visualization, link prediction, perturbation, alignment current state-of-the-art tools. expect review reach very broad spectrum readers varying from experts beginners while encouraging them enhance field further.

Language: Английский

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Ecosystems monitoring powered by environmental genomics: A review of current strategies with an implementation roadmap

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 30(13), P. 2937 - 2958

Published: May 16, 2020

Abstract A decade after environmental scientists integrated high‐throughput sequencing technologies in their toolbox, the genomics‐based monitoring of anthropogenic impacts on biodiversity and functioning ecosystems is yet to be implemented by regulatory frameworks. Despite broadly acknowledged potential genomics this end, technical limitations conceptual issues still stand way its broad application end‐users. In addition, multiplicity implementation strategies may contribute a perception that routine methodology premature or “in development”, hence restraining regulators from binding these tools into legal Here, we review recent implementations methods, applied biomonitoring ecosystems. By taking general overview, without narrowing our perspective particular habitats groups organisms, paper aims compare, discuss strengths four for monitoring: (a) Taxonomy‐based analyses focused identification known bioindicators described taxa; (b) De novo bioindicator analyses; (c) Structural community metrics including inferred ecological networks; (d) Functional (metagenomics metatranscriptomics). We emphasise utility three latter integrate meiofauna microorganisms are not traditionally utilised because difficult taxonomic identification. Finally, propose roadmap programmes leverage analytical advancements, while pointing out current future research needs.

Language: Английский

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Understanding extinction debts: spatio–temporal scales, mechanisms and a roadmap for future research

Ecography, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 42(12), P. 1973 - 1990

Published: July 13, 2019

Extinction debt refers to delayed species extinctions expected as a consequence of ecosystem perturbation. Quantifying such and investigating long‐term consequences perturbations has proven challenging, because are not isolated occur across various spatial temporal scales, from local habitat losses global warming. Additionally, the relative importance eco‐evolutionary processes varies levels ecological organization, i.e. individuals, (meta)populations (meta)communities, respond hierarchically perturbations. To summarize our current knowledge scales mechanisms influencing extinction debts, we reviewed recent empirical, theoretical methodological studies addressing either spatio–temporal debts or delaying extinctions. were detected range ecosystems taxonomic groups, with estimates ranging 9 90% richness. The duration over which have been sustained 5 570 yr, projections total period required settle can extend 1000 yr. Reported causes 1) life‐history traits that prolong individual survival, 2) population metapopulation dynamics maintain populations under deteriorated conditions. Other potential factors may survival time microevolutionary dynamics, interaction partners, rarely analyzed. Therefore, propose roadmap for future research three key avenues: processes, disjunctive loss interacting 3) impact multiple regimes perturbation on payment debts. For their ability integrate occurring at different highlight mechanistic simulation models tools address these gaps deepen understanding dynamics.

Language: Английский

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Synthetic ecology of the human gut microbiota

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 17(12), P. 754 - 763

Published: Oct. 2, 2019

Language: Английский

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Evaluation of the policy-driven ecological network in the Three-North Shelterbelt region of China

Landscape and Urban Planning, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 218, P. 104305 - 104305

Published: Nov. 14, 2021

Language: Английский

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Naturalized alien floras still carry the legacy of European colonialism

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 6(11), P. 1723 - 1732

Published: Oct. 17, 2022

Language: Английский

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Prey–predator phenological mismatch under climate change

Current Opinion in Insect Science, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 35, P. 60 - 68

Published: July 15, 2019

Language: Английский

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Global estimates of mammalian viral diversity accounting for host sharing

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 3(7), P. 1070 - 1075

Published: June 10, 2019

Present estimates suggest there are over 1 million virus species found in mammals alone, with about half a posing possible threat to human health. Although previous assume linear scaling between host and diversity, we show that ecological network theory predicts non-linear relationship, produced by patterns of sharing among species. To account for sharing, fit power law relationship host–virus interaction networks. We estimate 40,000 (including ~10,000 viruses zoonotic potential), reduction two orders magnitude from present projections viral diversity. expect the increasing availability association data will improve precision these their use sampling surveillance pathogens pandemic potential. should be more widely included macroecological approaches estimating biodiversity. A re-analysis diversity now takes into finds global have been overstated magnitude.

Language: Английский

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Scaling and Complexity in Landscape Ecology

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: Aug. 13, 2019

Landscapes and the ecological processes they support are inherently complex systems, in that have large numbers of heterogeneous interacting components, interact multiple ways, exhibit scale dependence, non-linear dynamics, emergent properties. The properties landscapes encompass a broad range influence biodiversity, ecosystem processes, human environments. These properties, such as nutrient cycling, dispersal, evolutionary adaptation organisms to their environments, focus this article, disturbance regimes (including wildfire), operate at scales relevant societies, but these also often which dynamics most difficult understand predict. Modeling interactions landscape scale, including future states biological communities with each other fire, requires quantitative metrics algorithms minimize error propagation across scales. We identify three intrinsic limitations progress ecology, ecology general: (1) problem coarse-graining, or how aggregate fine-scale information larger statistically unbiased manner; (2) middle-number problem, describes systems elements too few varied be amenable global averaging, numerous computationally tractable; (3) non-stationarity, modeled relationships parameter choices valid one environment may not hold when projected onto environments warming climate. illustrate challenges examples drawn from context wildfire. Quantitative scaling key moving forward, we review recent paths developing laws ecology. incorporate concepts compression state spaces complexity theory suggest ways overcome problems presented by domain, non-stationarity.

Language: Английский

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