Micromanagement: conditions influencing antipathogen function of the skin microbiome in spotted salamanders, Ambystoma maculatum DOI Creative Commons

Kelly Barnhart-McCarty,

Brandon LaBumbard, Patrick J. Kearns

et al.

Frontiers in Amphibian and Reptile Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2

Published: Oct. 22, 2024

The emerging fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans ( Bsal ) threatens the diversity of amphibians, particularly in North America where it is projected to invade. Amphibian skin defenses include a mucosal layer containing microorganisms that can potentially modulate host response pathogens such as . In this study, we focused on composition microbiome across life stages spotted salamanders Ambystoma maculatum ). We also evaluated stress hormone corticosterone and inoculations with probiotics at both larval juvenile developmental stages, different environmental conditions. Results indicated bacterial communities found significantly differed structure between A. Exposure three Bacillus thuringiensis , Chryseobacterium rhizoplanae Penicillium sp.) evoked shifts larvae juveniles, metabolite profile Despite changes microbiome, all tested were unable persist skin. Larval microbiomes shifted B. no significant impacts antifungal function or bacteria richness, however fungi strongly responded application. This indicates be initiated by microbial applications widely used mosquito larvicide. Overall, experimental results indicate stage, growth development, conditions appeared main factors driving amphibian potential anti- function.

Language: Английский

The adaptive microbiome hypothesis and immune interactions in amphibian mucus DOI Creative Commons
Douglas C. Woodhams,

Julia A. McCartney,

Jenifer B. Walke

et al.

Developmental & Comparative Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 145, P. 104690 - 104690

Published: March 29, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

34
A Comprehensive Review of Patented Antimicrobial Peptides from Amphibian Anurans DOI
Fabiola Almeida García, Talía Frómeta Fuentes, Isel Pascual Alonso

et al.

Journal of Natural Products, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 87(3), P. 600 - 616

Published: Feb. 27, 2024

Since the 1980s, studies of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) derived from anuran skin secretions have unveiled remarkable structural diversity and a wide range activities. This study explores potential these for drug development by examining granted patents, amino acid modifications related to patented peptides, recent amphibians' taxonomic updates influencing AMP names. A total 188 patents different were found, with Asia North America being predominant regions, contributing 65.4% 15.4%, respectively. Conversely, although Neotropical region is world's most diversified amphibians, it holds only 3.7% identified patents. The activities are claimed in 118 Additionally, 160 66 registered natural sequence, 69 both derivative sequences, 20 exclusively sequence derivatives. Notably, common include alterations side chains acids peptides' N- C-termini. review underscores biomedical anuran-derived AMPs, emphasizing need bridge gap between description practical while highlighting urgency biodiversity conservation facilitate discoveries.

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Coevolution of a generalist pathogen with many hosts: the case of the amphibian chytrid Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis DOI
Tamilie Carvalho, Anat M. Belasen, Luı́s Felipe Toledo

et al.

Current Opinion in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 78, P. 102435 - 102435

Published: Feb. 22, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Nor climate nor human impact factors: Chytrid infection shapes the skin bacterial communities of an endemic amphibian in a biodiversity hotspot DOI Creative Commons
Leonardo D. Bacigalupe, Jaiber J. Solano‐Iguaran, Ana V. Longo

et al.

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(4)

Published: April 1, 2024

The bacterial communities of the amphibian skin (i.e., bacteriome) are critical to host's innate immune system. However, it is unclear how different drivers can alter this function by modulating bacteriome's structure. Our aim was assess extent which host attributes and extrinsic factors influence structure skin. Skin diversity examined in 148 individuals four-eyed frog (

Language: Английский

Citations

4
The Amphibian Major Histocompatibility Complex—A Review and Future Outlook DOI Creative Commons
Joana Sabino‐Pinto, Martine E. Maan

Journal of Molecular Evolution, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

Abstract The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a cluster of functionally related genes encoding proteins which, among other functions, mediate immune system activation. While the MHC many vertebrates has been extensively studied, less known about amphibian MHC. This represents an important knowledge gap because amphibians mark evolutionary transition from aquatic to terrestrial lifestyle and often maintain biphasic lifestyle. Hence, they tend be exposed both pathogen communities, providing opportunities gain fundamental insights into how responds different environmental challenges. Moreover, are globally threatened by invasive pathogens may play role in combating population decline. In this review, we summarize current state regarding identify differences with vertebrates. We also review number gene copies varies across groups MHC-based variation relates ontogeny, behaviour, disease, phylogeography. conclude identifying gaps proposing priorities for future research.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
The role of seasonal migration in predicting amphibian population persistence across fragmented tropical landscapes: an individual-based model DOI
Tamilie Carvalho,

Nereyda Falconi,

Thomas A. White

et al.

Biodiversity and Conservation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Reproductive habitat mismatch influences chytrid infection dynamics in a tropical amphibian community DOI Creative Commons
Neil A. Gilbert, Rayna C. Bell, Alessandro Catenazzi

et al.

Global Ecology and Conservation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. e03599 - e03599

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Effects of grassland controlled burning on symbiotic skin microbes in Neotropical amphibians DOI Creative Commons
Laura Kauer Schuck, Wesley J. Neely, Shannon Buttimer

et al.

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Jan. 10, 2024

Abstract Climate change has led to an alarming increase in the frequency and severity of wildfires worldwide. While it is known that amphibians have physiological characteristics make them highly susceptible fire, specific impacts on their symbiotic skin bacterial communities (i.e., bacteriomes) infection by deadly chytrid fungus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis , remain poorly understood. Here, we address this research gap evaluating effects fire amphibian bacteriome subsequent risk chytridiomycosis. We sampled Neotropical species Scinax squalirostris Boana leptolineata control plots before after experimental burnings. Fire was linked with a marked beta dispersion, proxy for microbial dysbiosis, alongside trend increased pathogen loads. By shedding light bacteriomes, study contributes our broader understanding vulnerable vertebrate species.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Framework for multi-stressor physiological response evaluation in amphibian risk assessment and conservation DOI Creative Commons
Jill A. Awkerman, Donna A. Glinski, W. Matthew Henderson

et al.

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: March 13, 2024

Controlled laboratory experiments are often performed on amphibians to establish causality between stressor presence and an adverse outcome. However, in the field, identification of lab-generated biomarkers from single stressors interactions multiple impacts difficult discern ecological context. The ubiquity some pesticides anthropogenic contaminants results potentially cryptic sublethal effects or synergistic among stressors. Although biochemical pathways regulating physiological responses toxic well-conserved vertebrates, different exposure regimes life stage vulnerabilities can yield variable risk species. Here we examine stress-related biomarkers, highlight endpoints commonly linked apical effects, discuss differences ontogeny ecology that could limit interpretation across Further identify promising field-based measures indicative potential health development be useful anuran conservation. We outline common context altered functional pathways, presenting stage-specific for species, discussing multi-stressor vulnerability larger framework amphibian history ecology. This overview identifies points physiological, ecological, demographic provide evaluating impacting populations worldwide strategic conservation planning.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Host-associated helminth diversity and microbiome composition contribute to anti-pathogen defences in tropical frogs impacted by forest fragmentation DOI Creative Commons
Wesley J. Neely, Kassia Maria Cruz Souza, Renato A. Martins

et al.

Royal Society Open Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(6)

Published: June 1, 2024

Habitat fragmentation can negatively impact wildlife populations by simplification of ecological interactions, but little is known about how these impacts extend to host-associated symbiotic communities. The communities amphibians play important roles in anti-pathogen defences, particularly against the amphibian chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis ( Bd ). In this study, we analyse role macroparasitic helminth concert with microbial defending host infection within context forest fragmentation. We found that skin and are disrupted at fragmented habitats, while gut microbiomes appear more resilient environmental change. also detected potential protective diversity function limiting infection. Microbial network analysis revealed strong patterns structure both communities, helminths playing central networks. reveal consistent driving host–pathogen interactions implications on fitness.

Language: Английский

Citations

3